From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Decade
The 1570s decade ran from January 1, 1570, to December 31, 1579.
Abraham Ortelius publishes the first modern
atlas in 1570.
November 4, 1576:
Sack of Antwerp
Events
1570
This section is
transcluded from
1570 .
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history )
January–March
April–June
April 7 – In Scotland,
Colin Campbell of Glenorchy receives permission from the Regent, the
Earl of Morton , to execute the chief of
Clan Gregor , his son-in-law Gregor Roy MacGregor,
[6] and carries out MacGregor's beheading at Balloch in front of the
Earl of Atholl .
April 27 –
Pope Pius V excommunicates Queen
Elizabeth I of England , and all persons who show allegiance to her, with the bull
Regnans in Excelsis .
[7]
May 20 –
Abraham Ortelius publishes the first modern
atlas ,
Theatrum Orbis Terrarum , in
Antwerp .
[8]
May 24 –
Battle of Manila : The Spanish, led by
Martín de Goiti , defeat the forces of
Raja Sulayman .
[9]
June 10 – The
Kingdom of Livonia is established.
[10]
July–September
October–December
Date unknown
1571
This section is
transcluded from
1571 .
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history )
January–March
April–June
April 2
April 12 – The
Ridolfi plot to assassinate Queen Elizabeth I of England is foiled by the capture of Ridolfi's messenger,
Charles Baillie .
April 17 –
Pope John XIV of Alexandria begins a 15-year reign as leader of the Coptic Christian Church.
April 21
May 24 –
Moscow is
burnt by the
Crimean army, under
Devlet I Giray .
[31]
May 25 – The
Holy League is established as an alliance of the
Papal States , the
Republic of Venice , the
Republic of Genoa , the
Grand Duchy of Tuscany , the
Duchy of Savoy , the
Duchy of Urbino , the
Kingdom of Naples and
Kingdom of Sicily (under the rule of the
Spanish Empire and the
Knights of Malta for mutal defense against attacks by the
Ottoman Empire on ships in the
Mediterranean Sea .
[32]
May 29 – Queen Elizabeth I of England gives
royal assent to laws that had been passed by the 3rd Parliament, including the
Bulls from Rome Act 1571 to prevent the publication in England of
papal bulls as well as "writings or instruments and other superstitious things from the See of Rome"
June 3 – Following the
Battle of Bangkusay Channel , the conquest of the
Kingdom of Maynila is complete; Spanish
Conquistador
Miguel López de Legazpi makes
Manila a city, and the capital of the
Philippines .
June 24 – On the island of
Luzon in the
Philippines ,
Miguel López de Legazpi of Spain establishes a Spanish fortress at
Manila Bay and, after making a peace pact with the Crown Prince of Luzon,
Rajah Sulayman declares Manila to be the administrative capital of the Spanish East Indies.
[33]
June 25 –
Queen Elizabeth's Grammar School, Horncastle , is founded in
Lincolnshire , England.
June 27 –
Jesus College is established "within the City and
University of Oxford of
Queen Elizabeth 's foundation" in England, by
Welsh cleric and lawyer
Hugh Price .
[34]
July–September
July 14 – In what is now the state of
Kerala in
India , the
Siege of Chaliyam begins as the
Zamorin of
Kozhikode , Mana Vikrama, sends troops to starve out the Portuguese Empire's Chale fortress.
[35]
[36] The Portuguese defender, Dom Jorge de Castro, is allowed to surrender the fort in November and the Portuguese are allowed to march out of the fort. De Castro is executed by the Portuguese Governor-General after returning to Portuguese controlled
Goa .
July 25 –
St Olave's Grammar School is founded in
Tooley Street , London.
August 1 – The
Ottoman conquest of Cyprus is concluded, by the surrender of
Famagusta .
Cyprus is established as an
eyalet of the
Ottoman Empire , and the first
Turkish colony moves into the island.
August 29 –
Liliw, Laguna ,
Philippines is founded by Gat Tayaw, followers and residents as a municipality of
Laguna .
September 5 –
John Erskine, Earl of Mar is selected by the Scottish royal family to be the new
Regent of Scotland to rule on behalf of the 5-year-old
King James VI .
[37] The Earl of Mar replaces
Matthew Stewart, 4th Earl of Lennox , the King's grandfather, who was assassinated the day before by supporters of his daughter-in-law the imprisoned
Mary, Queen of Scots .
September 28 – The
House of Commons of England introduces the first
pro forma bill, symbolizing its authority over its own affairs.
[38]
September 30 (12th day of 9th month of
Genki ) – In
Japan , the
Siege of Mount Hiei is carried out by
Oda Nobunaga at
Ōmi Province (now the
Shiga Prefecture ). After Nobunaga's 30,000 troops overwhelm the monks of the 4,000 warriors of the
Sōhei , Nobunaga orders the massacre of more than 1,500 survivors.
[39]
October–December
October 7 –
Battle of Lepanto : Spanish, Venetian, and Papal naval forces, under
Don John of Austria , defeat the Ottoman fleet of
Müezzinzade Ali Pasha .
[40]
November 4 – The
Mexican Inquisition , for investigation and punishment of heresy against the Roman Catholic Church in the New World, begins with the first session of the Tribunal of the Holy Office of the Inquisition in New Spain.
[41]
November 16 –
Michele Bonelli is sent as the
legate a latere by
Pope Pius V to work directly with King
Charles IX of France . From June 18 until his new assignment, Bonelli had been the legate to the King of Spain and the King of Portugal.
November 20 –
Clan Gordon defeats
Clan Forbes in the
Battle of Craibstone , fought near
Aberdeen in
Scotland . Clan Forbes sustains 300 deaths and 200 men are taken prisoner out of its roiginal contingent of 900, while Clan Gordon suffers 200 deaths of its 800 men.
[42]
December 24 –
Henry XI , Duke of the German
Duchy of Liegnitz (now part of Poland), who had increased the Duchy's debts from 80,000
thalers to 700,000
thalers over 11 years, attempts to get the representatives of the Congress of Estates to pledge their own goods and valuables as collateral for refinancing the debt. When the representatives of the different parts of the Duchy refuse, he has them jailed until they agree to pay taxes for 10 percent of the debt owed.
Date unknown
Using mercury in the silver extraction process dramatically increases the output of the
Potosí mine; thus begins the great silver flow that links the New and Old Worlds.
[43]
The
Swedish Church Ordinance 1571 creates the first complete order of the Protestant Swedish church. The church ordinance also includes a chapter about schooling, in which all children in the cities, regardless of sex, are to be given elementary schooling.
[44]
Taipalsaari is founded.
1572
This section is
transcluded from
1572 .
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January–March
January 16 –
Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk , is tried for treason, for his part in the
Ridolfi plot to restore
Catholicism in England. He is executed on
June 2 .
[45]
February 13 –
Elizabeth I of England issues a proclamation which revokes all commissions, on account of the frauds which they had fostered.
February 19 –
Harrow School is founded, with a royal charter from Queen
Elizabeth I of England .
[46]
February 28 – In what is now the
Rajasthan state in
India ,
Maharana Pratap is crowned as the new
Rana of Mewar at the Kingdom's capital at
Udaipur after the death of his father,
Udai Singh II .
March 2 –
Mem de Sá , the
Portuguese Governor-General of Brazil , dies after 14 years in office. He is succeeded by Lourenço da Veiga.
March 11 –
Pope Pius V issues the papal bull Supremi omnipotentis Dei , granting an
indulgence reducing 50 days of punishment in the afterlife for Roman Catholics who recited the
penitential psalms .
March 28 –
Queen Elizabeth I of England summons
a new Parliament , which assembles on May 4.
April–June
July–September
July 4 – The city council of
Haarlem , one of the largest cities of the Netherlands, votes to join the Dutch Revolt against King Philip II of Spain. King Philip orders sent an army north under command of
Don Fadrique , son of the Duke of Alva, to lead an army to conquer the rebelling cities.
[49]
July 9 – The
Sea Beggars hang 19 previously imprisoned Roman Catholic priests (the
Martyrs of Gorkum ) at
Brielle .
July 11 –
Humphrey Gilbert leads 1,500 volunteers from England, on an expedition to assist the Sea Beggars.
[45]
July 19 –
Wanli Emperor of China ascends the throne at the age of nine; he will rule for 48 years.
July 29 –
August 2 –
Battle of Molodi : A large
Crimean Tatar –
Ottoman army which invaded Russia is routed.
August 18 – Huguenot King
Henry III of Navarre marries
Margaret of Valois , sister of King Charles and daughter of
Catherine de' Medici , in a supposed attempt to reconcile Protestants and Catholics in France.
[50]
August 24 –
St. Bartholomew's Day massacre : Catholics in Paris murder thousands of Protestants, including
Gaspard de Coligny and
Petrus Ramus , at the order of King
Charles IX , with Catherine de Medici's connivance. Henry of Navarre and the
Prince of Condé barely escape the same fate. This brings about the
Fourth War of Religion in France.
[51]
September 19 – The
Siege of Mons , which started on June 23, ends with the recapture of
Valenciennes by the Spanish Army from the Dutch
Huguenots in what is now Belgium.
Louis of Nassau , the Dutch rebel commander, surrenders to the
Duke of Alba .
[49]
September 24 –
Tupac Amaru and other Inca Empire nobles are executed in Peru at
Cuzco on orders of the Spanish
colonial Viceroy ,
Francisco de Toledo , who then carries out the destruction of the relics of the Incan civilization.
[52]
The Ottoman Empire begins the deportation of 10 percent of families of the provinces of Anatolia, Rum (Sivas), Karaman and Zülkadriye, mostly craftsmen or peasants, to the newly-conquered island of Cyprus. In exchange for relocating, the transferees are made exempt from taxes for two years.
[53]
September 25 – The coronation of
Rudolf as King of Hungary takes place at St. Martin's Cathedral in
Pozsony (now Bratislava, Slovakia).
October–December
October 2 –
Spanish Fury at Mechelen : The mostly Catholic population of the Netherlands city of
Mechelen (now in Belgium) surrenders to the Spanish Army and signifies its intention to offer no resistance, singing Catholic psalms of penitence to welcome the Catholic Spaniards. Nevertheless, the Duke of Alba authorizes his troops to conduct three days of slaughter, rape and pillaging.
[54]
October 20 –
Eighty Years' War –
Relief of Goes : Soldiers of the Spanish
Tercios wade across the estuary of the
Scheldt , to relieve the siege of
Goes in the
Spanish Netherlands .
November 9
November 14 – Residents of the Belgian city of
Zutphen are massacred by the Spanish Army.
[56]
November 22 –
All but 60 of the 3,000 residents are massacred by the Spanish Army in the Belgian city of
Naarden .
[54]
December 10 – For administrative purposes, the Kingdom of Portugal divides its colony in
Brazil into two colonies, with one Governor-General at Rio de Janeiro and another at Bahia. The two colonies will be reunified on April 12, 1578.
[57]
December 11 – The
Siege of Haarlem is begun by the
Duke of Alva , Spanish Army commander in the Netherlands, and lasts until July 13, 1573.
[58]
Date unknown
1573
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1573 .
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January–March
January 25 (22nd day of 12th month of
Genki 3 – At the
Battle of Mikatagahara in Japan,
Takeda Shingen defeats
Tokugawa Ieyasu .
[60]
January 28
February 2 – The
Wanli Era begins in
Ming dynasty
China on the first New Year after 9-year-old
Zhu Yijun ascends the throne.
February 6 – In the battle of
Kerestinec , General Gašpar Alapić defeats the rebel troops led by Gubec.
[62]
February 9 – Croatian troops, led by General Alapic, defeat the peasant rebellion in the
Battle of Stubica , then begin a violent campaign of vengeance against the conquered rebels.
[63] Rebellion leaders Matija Gubec and Ivan Pasanec are taken as prisoners of war for a trial for treason at
Zagreb .
February 11 –
Fourth War of Religion : France's Marshal
Henri de Montmorency , begins the
Siege of Sommières in southern France. The
Huguenots , French Protestants, hold out for almost two months against Montmorency's Catholic troops.
February 15 – On orders of the Croatian Viceroy
Juraj Drašković ,
Matija Gubec , the defeated leader of the
Croatian–Slovene Peasant Revolt is publicly tortured with the placement of a red-hot iron crown on his head, dragged through the streets of Zagreb, and then dismembered.
[64]
February 16 –
March – The
siege of Noda Castle begins near what is now the city of
Shinshiro in Japan, after the leader of the
Takeda clan , the warlord
Takeda Shingen , is shot by a sniper after offering generous terms of surrender to the
Tokugawa clan , led by
Tokugawa Ieyasu . By March 10, the Noda Castle surrenders.
[65]
February 23 – In the province of Munster in Ireland, the first Desmond Rebellion, led by
James FitzMaurice FitzGerald , cousin of the Earl of Desmond, ends at
Kilmallock as FitzGerald makes a humiliating surrender to
John Perrot , the provincial leader.
[66]
March 7 – The
Ottoman–Venetian War (1570–1573) is ended by a peace treaty, confirming the transfer of control of
Cyprus from the
Republic of Venice to the
Ottoman Empire ,
[67] and also confirming Turkish occupation of the more fertile region of
Dalmatia .
April–June
April 1 – On his
expedition to the New World ,
Francis Drake and his crew make their most lucrative capture by seizing a wagon train of silver at Panama, near the settlement of
Nombre de Dios .
[68]
[69]
April 5 –
1573 Polish–Lithuanian royal election :
Polish and
Lithuanian nobles gather at
Warsaw to elect a successor to King
Sigismund II Augustus , who had died the previous July 7.
[70] The vote comes down to four candidates, from France, the Holy Roman Empire, Sweden and Russia.
April 9 – The
Siege of Sommières ends with the surrender of the Huguenot defenders, who are spared retaliation by General Montmorency, despite the loss of 2,500 royal troops.
April 22 –
Eighty Years' War : The
Battle of Borsele is fought as a fleet of Spanish ships is intercepted by Dutch Calvinist rebels (the
Geuzen ). While some of the ships are able to complete their mission of supplying the Spanish-governed Netherlands cities of
Middelburg and
Arnemuiden , most are forced to retreat to
Amberes in the Spanish Netherlands, now Antwerp in Belgium.
May 16 – The
Henry, Duke of Anjou , son of the late King
Henry II of France is elected to the throne of the
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth by the Polish nobility, after being nominated on May 11.
[71]
May 26 –
Battle of Haarlemmermeer :
Geuzen ships, attempting to break the
siege of Haarlem , are defeated by a combined Spanish and Amsterdam fleet.
June 24 – After
Henry, Duke of Anjou learns that he has been elected the King of Poland, he agrees to negotiate an end to the
Siege of La Rochelle , which has continued for almost nine months against the Huguenots in the western French city, and reaches an agreement with the Huguenot defender, the
Count of Montgomery .
July–September
October–December
October 8 – The Spanish abandon the siege of the city of
Alkmaar and concede the city to the Geuzen, the Dutch Calvinist rebels.
[76]
October 11 – The Spanish under John of Austria take
Tunis with little resistance.
[77]
November 15 –
Santa Fe, Argentina , is founded by
Juan de Garay .
[72]
November 29 – The Duke of Alva resigns as the Spanish Governor-General of the Netherlands, and is succeeded by
Luis de Requesens , who attempts to pursue a more conciliatory policy.
[78]
December 3 – The French Duke of Anjou, recently elected as King Henry of Poland, departs from
Metz with an entourage of 1,200 people, arriving at
Kraków on February 18.
[79]
December 11 – The Governor of Portuguese India issued an edict depriving
Hindu followers of most rights, including the right to receive Jonoa, the share of the village community income.
[80]
December 17 – Portuguese colonists are expelled from the
Maldives , where Portugal has had a presence since 1558, by order of the Sultan's son, Mohamed Bodu Takurufanu al-Azam.
[81]
December 23 – In the Republic of Venice, the Council of Ten votes to grant safe conduct to Venice for Spanish and Portuguese Jews.
[82]
Date unknown
Sarsa Dengel , emperor of
Ethiopia , defeats the
Oromo in a battle near
Lake Zway .
[83]
The first
Spanish galleon, laden with
silver for the
porcelain and
silk trade with the
Ming Dynasty of China, lands at
Manila in the
Philippines .
[84] This occasion marks the beginning of the Spanish silver trade to China, that will trump that of the
Portuguese , the latter of whom acted as an intermediary between the silver mines of Japan, and the luxury items in China to be purchased with that silver. Most of the silver entering China comes from what is now Mexico,
Bolivia , and
Peru in the
New World .
The
Luzhou Laojiao liquor is made.
[85]
Queen Elizabeth's Grammar School for Boys ,
Barnet , England, is formed.
[86]
1574
This section is
transcluded from
1574 .
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January–March
January 22 –
Abu Abdallah Mohammed II becomes the new
Sultan of Morocco upon the death of his father,
Abdallah al-Ghalib .
January 27 – At
Agra ,
Bhagwant Das becomes the new Maharaja of the
Kingdom of Amber in what is now India's state of
Uttar Pradesh , upon the death of his grandfather, the Raja
Bharmal .
[87]
January 29 – Off of the coast of the Netherlands, the
Battle of the Scheldt is fought between the Spanish Fleet and a combined Dutch and English fleet of ships. The Spanish Navy loses 15 ships and 1,200 men are killed, wounded or captured.
[88]
February – The fifth
War of Religion against the
Huguenots begins in
France .
[89]
[90]
March 2 – Swedish troops
attack Wesenberg Castle in
Estonia and lose at least 1,000 men in attempting to capture it from the Russian Army.
[91]
March 17 – Within the Swedish Army, a fight between Scottish and German mercenaries is fought. By the end of the battle, several hundred Scots are dead, compared to 30 Germans.
[91]
April–June
July–September
July 12 –
Selim II , Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, launches the attempt to
reclaim Tunis from control of the Holy Roman Empire with more than 250 warships and 100,000 troops, and to restore North Africa to Muslim control.
[95]
July 13 – In
Berlin ,
John George, Elector of Brandenburg , orders the founding of the
Evangelisches Gymnasium zum Grauen Kloster , which remains 450 years later as one of the most prestigious preparatory schools in Germany.
[96]
July 26 – Kılıç Ali Pasha begins construction of an Ottoman fortress on the coastline of
Morocco , directly across
Andalusia in mainland Spain.
August 24 – The Tunisian port of
La Goulette falls to Ottoman troops after six weeks.
[97]
August 30 –
Guru Ram Das becomes the fourth of the
Sikh gurus .
September 13 – The last Holy Roman Imperial defenders surrender
Tunis to the Ottoman General
Cığalazade Yusuf Sinan Pasha .
[97]
September – A plot to assassinate
John III of Sweden is discovered, headed by
Charles de Mornay and implicating
Charles Dancay ,
Hogenskild Bielke ,
Gustaf Banér ,
Pontus De la Gardie ,
Princess Elizabeth of Sweden ,
Princess Cecilia of Sweden , and Duke Charles.
[98]
October–December
October 3 – The city of
Leiden ,
besieged by the
Spanish , is relieved by a
Sea Beggars fleet under Louis Boisot.
[99]
[100]
November 22 – The
Juan Fernández Islands in the South
Pacific Ocean are discovered by
Spanish sailor
Juan Fernández .
[101]
November 29 –
Limahong and
Juan de Salcedo quarrel during the
Battle of Manila .
[102]
December 15 –
Selim II , the 50-year-old Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, is killed after becoming drunk, falling, and fracturing his skull on the floor of the Topkapi Palace.
[103]
December 22 – Prince Murad bin-Selim of the Ottoman Empire completes the murders, by
strangulation , of his four younger brothers, Süleyman, Abdüllah, Osman, and Cihangir.
[103]
December 27 –
Murad III , eldest son of
Selim II , is formally enthroned as the Ottoman Sultan after eliminating his other brothers as rival claimants to the throne.
[103]
Undated
1575
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1575 .
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January–March
April–June
April 2 – English
privateer
Gilbert Horseley and his crew sail into the
Bay of Honduras in Central America and conduct three days of raids of Spanish settlements and ships.
[108]
April 6 –
Antoine I de Gramont , Lord Sovereign of the
Principality of Bidache in the French Pyrennees Mountains, promulgates a legal code for his people.
April 18 –
Bayinnaung , King of Burma, returns to his capital at
Pegu from
Vientiane after installing
Voravongsa I as the Burmese-appointed monarch of the Kingdom of
Lan Xang (now Laos).
[109]
May 12 – KIng
Henry III of France , who had been selected in 1573 by the nobles of Poland and Lithuania to be King of Poland as Henryk Walezy, is stripped of his Polish and Lithuanian titles after failing to return to
Kraków by the deadline imposed by the Polish nobility.
[110]
May 24 – In an attempt to reform the
Eastern Orthodox Church , Lutheran missionaries meet with
Jeremias II Tranos , the Ecumenical Patriarch, at his residence in
Constantinople , and present him with a Greek translation of the
Augsburg Confession .
[111] Jeremias sends the missionaries,
Jakob Andreae and
Martin Crusius , three rebuttals to define the objections he has to the Lutheran document, declaring the reasons why the Eastern Orthodoxy has no desire for reformation.
June 24 –
William I of Orange marries
Charlotte of Bourbon .
[112]
June 28 –
Battle of Nagashino :
Oda Nobunaga defeats
Takeda Katsuyori in
Japan 's first modern battle.
[113]
July–September
July 7 –
Raid of the Redeswire :
Sir John Carmichael defeats
Sir John Forster , in the last battle between England and Scotland.
July 26 –
Edmund Grindal succeeds
Matthew Parker as
Archbishop of Canterbury .
[114]
August 5 –
Henry Sidney is appointed
Lord Lieutenant of Ireland .
September 22
Paulo Dias de Novais becomes the first Portuguese Governor of Angola.
[115]
Ottoman forces led by
Ferhad Pasha Sokolović defeat the Austrian Army, led by
Herbard VIII von Auersperg , in the Battle of Budačka. Auersperg is decapitated and Ferhad Pasha leaves Croatia with the head as a trophy.
September 1 –As a result of the Eighty Years' War, the government of the Kingdom of Spain is in bankruptcy and stops paying its troops, beginning in March.
[116]
September 25 – At
St. Vitus Cathedral in
Prague ,
Rudolf of Habsburg , son of the Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian II, is crowned
King of Bohemia by the Archbishop
Antonín Brus of Mohelnice .
September 26 – Future Spanish author and playwright
Miguel de Cervantes , then 28, is taken hostage by the Ottoman Albanian pirate
Arnaut Mami after an attack on the Spanish
galley Sol off of the Catalan coast. Cervantes spends the next five years as a slave in Algeria before his family pays a ransom to free him.
[117]
October–December
Date unknown
1576
This section is
transcluded from
1576 .
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history )
January–March
January 20 –
Martín Enríquez de Almanza , Viceroy of
New Spain , founds the settlement of
León , in what is later the state of Guanajuato in Mexico.
January 25 – Portuguese explorer
Paulo Dias de Novais founds the settlement of São Paulo da Assumpção de Loanda on the southwestern coast of Africa, now
Luanda , capital of
Angola .
[120]
February 5 –
King Henry of Navarre , captive in France since 1572 and alive only because he converted to Catholicism, escapes to
Tours and formally reverts to the Protestant faith.Dupuy, Trevor N.; Johnson, Curt; Bongard, David L. (1995).
[121]
February 8 –
Peter Wentworth , a Puritan M.P. of the
Parliament of England , is arrested in the middle of giving an address criticizing "rumours and messages" given to suppress freedom of speech. When he says that "the devil was the first author of them, from whom proceedeth nothing but wickedness", he is interrupted and taken to the
Tower of London for imprisonment.
[122]
March 11 – The city of
Fez , part of the
Saadi Sultanate in what is now Morocco
is captured by Ottoman forces led by
Abd al-Malik , in an attempt to overthrow the Sultan
Muhammed al-Mutawakkil and to make the Sultanate a vassal of the Ottoman Empire.
[123]
April–June
April 14 –
Ishiyama Hongan-ji War : In
Japan , the Third Battle of Ishiyama begins as
Oda Nobunaga sends 10,000 soldiers against the
Ashikaga shogunate to capture the Honganji Temple.
April 25 – Documents for the
Union of Delft are signed by Dutch leader
Willem van Oranj to create a federation of
Holland and
Zeeland .
[124]
May 1 –
Stephen Báthory , the
Hungarian Prince of
Transylvania , is crowned king of Poland.
May 6 – The
Edict of Beaulieu , negotiated by Monsieur Francois,
Duke of Anjou and brother of King
Henry III of France , ends the
Fifth War of Religion . By the terms of the "Peace of Monsieur" that led to agreement on the Edict, freedom of worship is granted again to the Protestant Hugueonots.
[125]
May 14 –
Tahmasp I , the Shah of
Safavid Iran for almost 52 years, is accidentally poisoned after being treated by the palace physician, Abu Naser Gilani. Tahmasp's death is followed by a deadly struggle for control of Iran.
[126]
May 15 – Tahmap's son
Haydar Mirza Safavi declares himself the new Safavid Shah of Iran, the day after the death of his father. Later in the day, Haydar is assassinated by members of the palace guard who are loyal to Haydar's brother,
Ismail Mirza .
[127] Haydar attempts to disguise himself as a woman in the royal harem, but is discovered and beheaded.
May 27 – An attempt by the Dutch Republic to end the
Siege of Zierikzee and free the city from Spain fails after Spanish forces are tipped off about a surprise attack. Dutch Admiral
Lodewijk van Boisot is killed in the battle.
June 13 – Dutch forces withdraw from their attempt to free Zierikzee, and the city is left to defend itself. The defenders then begin negotiations with the Spanish attackers, commanded by General
Cristóbal de Mondragón .
June 18 – In the
Battle of Haldighati in India, Mughal Imperial forces, led by
Man Singh I of Amer, decisively defeat the
Mewar Kingdom led by
Maharana Pratap .
July–September
July 4 –
Alonso de Solís , who was appointed by Spain as Governor of the colony of
La Florida , is killed in the colonial capital at
San Augustin , now the U.S. city of St. Augustine, Florida.
July 11 –
English navigator
Martin Frobisher sights
Greenland .
July 12 – The
Mughal Empire annexes
Bengal after defeating the
Bengal Sultanate at the
Battle of Rajmahal .
[128]
July 25 – Rebellious Spanish troops
plunder the Flemish city of
Aalst and then use it as their base of operations to attack other cities.
July 29 – The
Siege of Zierikzee in the Netherlands ends with the surrender of the defenders to the Spanish Army.
August 11 – English navigator
Martin Frobisher , on his search for the
Northwest Passage through North America, enters the
bay now named after him in Canada.
August 23 – On the island of
Kyūshū in
Japan , near what is now
Takaharu, Miyazaki prefecture,
Takahara Castle of the
Itō clan is captured by 30,000 men led by the warlord
Shimazu Yoshihisa , after a siege of four days.
September 1 –
Ismail Mirza , who has proclaimed himself the Shah of
Safavid Iran , marches into the capital at
Qazvin and ascends the throne as Shah Ismail II.
[129]
September 2 –
Simeon Bekbulatovich , who has served since the previous October as the Grand Prince of All Russia after the
Tsar Ivan IV ("Ivan the Terrible") had taken leave of absence from the throne, steps down as Ivan returns to Moscow. Ivan rewards Bekbulatovich with the title of Grand Prince of Tver.
September 4 – In
Brussels , rebels led by Jacques de Glymes of Brabant arrest the members of the Council of State that administers the city.
September 8 – The
States General of the Netherlands is convened by the leaders of the
States of Brabant and the
County of Hainaut in order to respond to mutineering Spanish troops.
September 10 – After a siege that has lasted a year and two days, the Spanish Army abandons its siege of the Dutch city of
Woerden .
September 16 – The States of Flanders convene a meeting near
Ghent , where the Roman Catholic clergy, led by Martinus Rythovius, insist on measures to protect the practice of the Catholic faith in the predominantly Protestant Low Countries.
October–December
October 12 –
Maximilian II , ruler of the
Holy Roman Empire and most of Central Europe since 1564, dies suddenly in
Regensburg while preparing for an Imperial invasion of Poland. Maximilian's 24-year-old son
Rudolf, King of the Romans as well as the King of Hungary and of Bohemia, proceeds to
Vienna to assume the Imperial Throne.
October 20 – Spanish rebels
plunder the city of Maastricht in Flanders and kill many of the civilian residents in what is later called the "Spaanse Furie" or Fury of Spain.
October 26 – In Germany,
Ludwig of Simmern becomes the new
Elector Palatine of the Rhine 10 days after the death of his father,
Frederick III , taking office at the Palatinate capital at
Heidelberg as Ludwig VI.
November 1 –
Rudolf II is crowned
Holy Roman Emperor .
[130]
November 4 –
Eighty Years' War –
Sack of Antwerp : In the
Low Countries , mutinous
Spanish soldiers sack
Antwerp ; after three days the city is nearly destroyed.
November 8 –
Pacification of Ghent : The
States General of the Netherlands meet and unite to oppose pillaging Spanish mutineers.
November 9 – Shah Ismail II of Iran begins the execution of all persons whom he believes are a threat to his rule, starting with his half-brothers
Suleiman Mirza , Governor of Shiraz, and Mustafa Mirza. Over the next seven months, Ismail arranges the execution of six other half-brothers, Mustafa, Junayd, Mahmud, Qoli, Ahmad, and Murza.
December 6 – Representatives of France's three estates convene at the
Estates General of 1576 in
Blois at the invitation of
King Henri III . Of the 383 delegates, the 187 of the Third Estate (commoners) narrowly vote in favor of outlawing Protestantism and expelling Protestant pastors from the kingdom, while the 110 of the First Estate (clergy) and 86 of the Second Estate (the nobility) strongly oppose ending hostility in the name of religious tolerance.
[131]
December 19 – Representatives of the nobility of the Second Estate vote in favor of outlawing Protestantism in France.
[131]
December 22 – Representatives of the clergy of the First Estate join the Second vote in favor of outlawing Protestantism.
[131] By January, the Edict of Beaulieu fails and the
Sixth War of Religion begins later in 1577.
December –
James Burbage opens the first permanent public
playhouse in Britain,
The Theatre .
[132]
Date unknown
1577
This section is
transcluded from
1577 .
(
|
history )
January–March
January 9 – The second
Union of Brussels is formed, first without the Protestant counties of
Holland and
Zeeland (which is accepted by King
Philip II of Spain ), later with the Protestants, which means open rebellion of the whole of the
Netherlands .
[133]
February 12 – The "
Perpetual Edict ", providing for the removal of Spanish troops from what is now the
Netherlands , is signed in the city of
Marche-en-Famenne in the
Spanish Netherlands (now
Belgium ) by the Spanish Governor-General,
Don Juan de Austria and representatives of the Dutch rebellion. The Perpetual Edict will last only five months before Don Juan begins new attacks on the rebels
[134]
February 23 – The new Shah of Iran,
Ismail II , has most of the advisers of his late father executed, including Prince
Ibrahim Mirza .
[135]
March 17 – The
Cathay Company is formed, to send
Martin Frobisher back to the New World for more gold.
[136]
April–June
April 17 – In the
Battle of Lubieszów , General
Jan Zborowski leads the army of the
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in the catastrophic defeat of most of Jan Winkelbruch's 12,000 rebels and mercenaries from the Commonwealth's richest city,
Danzig , killing 4,420 of the men and capturing another 5,000 as prisoners. Only 88 of Zborowski's 2,500 troops are killed.
[137]
[138] The
Danzig Rebellion ends at the end of the year.
May 27 – English explorer
Martin Frobisher departs from
Blackwall in his flagship,
HMS Ayde , along with the ships Gabriel and Michael , to begin the English expedition to North America.
[139]
May 28 – The Bergen Book , better known as the Solid Declaration of the
Formula of Concord , one of the
Lutheran confessional writings, is published. The earlier version, known as the Torgau Book (
1576 ), had been condensed into an
Epitome ; both documents are part of the
1580
Book of Concord .
[140]
June 11 –
Sebastiano Venier becomes the new
Doge of the
Republic of Venice , succeeding
Alvise Mocenigo , who died on June 4.
[141]
June 12 – The French city of
Issoire surrenders and 3,000 of its Protestant Huguenots are massacred by the troops of the French Catholic General
Francis, Duke of Anjou , on orders by King
Henry III of France . The massacre is carried out 20 months after the October 15, 1575 killing of Catholic residents by
Matthieu Merle .
[142] Most of Issoire's buildings are torn down, and the royal troops leave an inscription on a pillar, Ici fut Issoire ("Here stood Issoire.")
[143]
June 13 –
Mirza Salman Jaberi is appointed as the new
Grand Vizier of Persia by Shah Ismail II, replacing
Mirza Shokrollah Isfahani .
June 29 –
Mehmed II Giray becomes the new
Khan of Crimea for the
Ottoman Empire , after the death of his father,
Devlet I Giray , from a plague.
[144]
July–September
July 9 –
Ludvig Munk is appointed
Governor-General of Norway .
[145]
August 1 –
Göran Boije becomes the new
Duke of Estonia , ruling what is, at the time, a dominion of the Swedish Empire.
August 23 – Martin Frobisher ends his expedition to Canada and he and his crew begin the journey back to England on the ships Ayde , Gabriel and Michael .
[139]
September 8 – (11th waning of Tawthalin
939 ME )
Min Phalaung ,
King of Arakan in what is now northern
Myanmar and southern
Bangladesh on the
Bay of Bengal , enters his new palace in dedication ceremonies at the capital at
Mrauk U .
September 17 – The
Treaty of Bergerac is signed between
Henry III of France and the
Huguenots .
[146]
September 23 – The first
Inuit people to see Europe— Kalicho,
Arnaq , and Arnaq's son, Nutaaq— are brought as captives of Martin Frobisher when HMS Gabriel arrived in England at
Bristol . All three were captured on
Baffin Island , and none of the three survive to the end of the year.
[147]
[139]
October–December
October 19 – In Italy,
Giovanni Battista Gentile Pignolo is elected as the new
Doge of the
Republic of Genoa for a two-year term, replacing
Prospero Centurione Fattinanti .
October 28 – In
Flanders (now part of
Belgium ), two Protestant members of the city council of
Ghent ,
Jan van Hembyze and François van Ryhove, proclaim the
Calvinist Republic of Ghent .
[148] The stadtholder of Flanders,
Philippe III de Croÿ , Duke of Aarschot is arrested, along with the Roman Catholic bishops
Martin Rythovius of
Ypres and
Remi Drieux of
Bruges . The Calvinist Republic will exist for seven years until the
Spanish conquest of Ghent in 1584.
November 6 – The first recorded observation from Earth of the
Great Comet of 1577 takes place by Aztec astronomers in Mexico, followed by reports from Italy on November 7 and Japan on November 8.
[149] Astronomer
Tycho Brahe will track the comet from November 13 until January 26 before it departs the Solar System.
[150]
November 13 – In the
Battle of Tedorigawa ,
Uesugi Kenshin 's forces decisively defeat the forces of
Oda Nobunaga , in what will be Kenshin's last victory before his death the following year.
November 19 – With defeat coming close in the
siege of Shigisan ,
Matsunaga Hisahide commits suicide.
December 13 –
Francis Drake leaves
Plymouth ,
England , aboard the
Pelican , with four other ships and 164 men, on an expedition against the
Spanish , along the
Pacific coast of the
Americas , which will become
his circumnavigation .
[151]
Date unknown
1578
This section is
transcluded from
1578 .
(
|
history )
January–March
January 13 – The
Siege of Gvozdansko ends in the
Kingdom of Croatia as Ottoman Empire troops led by
Ferhad Pasha Sokolović capture the fortress at
Gvozdansko .
[152]
January 31 –
Battle of Gembloux : Spanish forces under
Don John of Austria and
Alexander Farnese defeat the Dutch; Farnese begins to recover control of the French-speaking
Southern Netherlands .
[153]
February 6 –
Pope Gregory XIII issues the papal bull Illius fulti praesidio and creates the
Diocese of Manila , the first Roman Catholic diocese in the Philippines, with
Domingo de Salazar as the first Bishop of Manila.
[154] The diocese will be raised to the status of archdiocese on August 14, 1595.
February 8 – The city council of Amsterdam in the Netherlands ratifies a treaty placing the city under the authority of
Willem, Prince of Orange , and joining the
States of Holland .
[155]
February 12 –
Mohammad Khodabanda , older brother of the late
Shah Ismail II , begins his reign as the new
Shah of
Persia (now Iran) after entering the Persian capital at
Qazvin , after removing his sister
Pari Khan Khanum , who had exercised regal authority after Ismail's death.
[156] His first act as ruler is to have Pari Khan Khanum strangled to death.
February 13 – Two days after the Battle of Gembloux, Spanish troops capture the city of
Leuven , forcing Willem, Prince of Orange, to flee
Brussels and relocate to
Antwerp .Geoffrey Parker, The Dutch Revolt (Cornell University Press, 1977) p.186
March 11 –
Nicolò da Ponte is elected as the new
Doge of the Republic of Venice after 44 ballots, following the March 3 death of
Sebastiano Venier .
[157]
March 20
James Douglas, 4th Earl of Morton , the last of the regents for King James VI of Scotland, resigns after having served as regent since November 24, 1572.
The Belgian city of
Bruges , controlled by Spain, falls to Dutch rebels.
[158]
April–June
April 23 – (17th day of 3rd month, Tensho 6) The
Siege of Otate begins in Japan after the death of
Uesugi Kenshin , the warlord of the
Echigo Province .
April 27 – The
Duel of the Mignons claims the lives of two favorites of
Henry III of France , and two favourites of
Henry I, Duke of Guise .
[159]
May 26 – The
Alteratie takes place in
Amsterdam , expelling the 24 Catholic members of the 40-man city government, and forming a new council is formed with 30 Calvinist Protestants and 10 Catholics.
May 31 –
Martin Frobisher sails from
Harwich in England with 15 ships to North America, where he will arrive at
Frobisher Bay in July on his third expedition.
June 11 –
Humphrey Gilbert is granted
letters patent from the English crown to establish a colony in
North America .
[160]
June 20 – The Frobisher expedition reaches
Greenland .
June 30 – After having come into conflict on May 17 with his fellow officer,
Thomas Doughty , during their circumnavigation of the world,
Francis Drake puts Doughty on trial while the flagship Pelican is docked at what is now Argentina. A jury of sailors convicts Doughty of treason and attempted mutiny. Doughty is beheaded on July 2.
[161]
July–September
July 2 – The Frobisher expedition reaches Canada and enters what is now
Frobisher Bay . One of the ships, the Dennis , is wrecked on an iceberg.
July 31
At the
Battle of Rijmenam , fought near
Antwerp in what is now
Belgium , a combined Dutch and English force under the command of the Count of Boussu and England's John Norreys defeats Spanish troops commanded by
Don Juan de Austria .
According to some accounts, Englishman
Martin Frobisher holds the first
Thanksgiving celebration by Europeans in Canada, on
Newfoundland , after he and his fleet encounter two ships that they feared had been lost. However, the celebration involves no feast and is limited to a sermon by the expedition's minister and Frobisher's men giving praise.
[162]
[163]
August 4 – King
Sebastian of Portugal is killed in the
Battle of Alcácer Quibir in North Africa while fighting
Moors kill. Sebastian's elderly uncle,
Cardinal Henry , is named as the heir to the throne, initiating a succession crisis in Portugal.
August 20 –
September 6 – After renaming this flagship, Pelican to the Golden Hind ,
Francis Drake and his fleet begin their passage through the
Strait of Magellan .
[164]
August 31 – The Forbisher expedition departs North America for its journey back to England.
September 6 – After 16 days travel, the fleet of Francis Drake completes its traverse of the
Strait of Magellan between the tip of South America and
Tierra del Fuego . Upon entering the
Pacific Ocean , the fleet encounters violent storms. The supply ship Marigold , with over 100 men under the command of John Thomas, is lost with all hands off of
Cape Horn .
[164] The rest of the fleet continues its
voyage around the world .
October–December
Date unknown
1579
This section is
transcluded from
1579 .
(
|
history )
January–March
January 6 – The
Union of Arras unites the southern
Netherlands under the
Duke of Parma , governor in the name of king
Philip II of Spain .
[169]
January 23 – The
Union of Utrecht unites the northern Netherlands in a confederation called the
United Provinces .
William I of Orange becomes Stadtholder , and the
Duc d'Anjou , younger brother of
Henry III of France , is invited to become hereditary sovereign.
[169]
February 4 – The
Ghent Republic joins the Union of Utrecht.
[170]
February 28 – The seizure in September by
Willem IV van den Bergh , of the
Boxmeer Castle in September in the Netherlands is condemned by the other Dutch members of the Union of Utrecht.
[171]
March 1 – Off of the coast of what is now
Ecuador , the English
galleon
Golden Hind , captained by
Francis Drake , captures the Spanish freighter
Nuestra Señora de la Concepción (unofficially called "Cagafuego") and its cargo, including 26 tons of silver and 1,000 pounds of gold.
[172]
March 2 – The
Battle of Borgerhout takes place in Flanders in what is now
Belgium , as Spanish troops under the command of the Duke of Parma overwhelm rebels fighting for the Union of Utreacht.
[173]
March 12 – The
Siege of Maastricht , a center of the Dutch resistance to Spanish rule, is started in the Netherlands by Spanish troops under the command of
Alexander Farnese, Duke of Parma .
[174] The siege will last almost four months before Maastricht falls on July 1.
April–June
April 10 – In the village of
Cuers in
France , near
Toulon rebel peasants kill 600 nobles and upper-class gentlemen of the Catholic League serving the Count of Carces.
[175]
May 17 – The
Treaty of Arras is concluded between Spain (represented by the Duke of Parma), and members of the
Union of Arras that had been formed in January. The Union of Utrecht continues its resistance against Spain while the
County of Hainaut , the
County of Artois , and the cities of
Douai ,
Lille ,
Orchies and
Arras agree to a separate peace under Spanish rule.
[176]
May 21 –
Battle of Mimaomote : In
Japan , Doi Kiyonaga defeats the forces of Kumu Yorinobu.
[177]
June 17 –
Francis Drake , during
his circumnavigation of the world, lands in modern-day
California , which he claims for
Queen Elizabeth I .
[178]
[179] With an
English claim here and in
Newfoundland , it becomes the basis for English colonial charters which will claim all land from the Atlantic to the Pacific, from "sea to sea." Drake's claim is called
Nova Albion (New England ), and subsequent maps will show all lands north of New Spain and New Mexico under this name.
July–September
July 1 – Maastricht surrenders to Spanish troops after a surprise attack by the Duke of Parma, who had besieged the city for more than three months.
July 13 –
Karlovac in
Croatia is founded.
[180]
[181]
July 17 –
James FitzMaurice FitzGerald lands with a small force of Irish, Spanish, and Italian troops at
Smerwick , on the Dingle Peninsula in south-western Ireland, and commences the
Second Desmond Rebellion against the rule in Ireland of
Elizabeth I of England .
[182]
August 6 – In the Spanish-controlled Netherlands, the representatives of the
Union of Utrecht declare that they will no longer respect the authority of
King Philip of Spain .
August 17
In Southern India,
Ibrahim Adil Shah II becomes the new
Sultan of Bijapur upon the death of his father,
Ali Adil Shah I .
[183]
"
Yasuke ", a man of African origin who has been hired as a manager by the Chancellor of the Realm,
Oda Nobunaga , arrives in
Japan . Called "The Black Samurai" in dramatizations of his experience, he begins a service of three years to the Chancellor, ending on June 21, 1582.
August 30 –
Livonian War : In what is now
Belarus , the city of
Polotsk falls to the forces of
Stephen Báthory , Grand Duke of Lithuania and King of Poland.
[184]
September 10 – (5th waning of Tawthalin
941 ME ) In the
Kingdom of Mrauk U in what is now Myanmar and Bangladesh, King
Min Phalaung becomes the owner of the first of three white elephants, and gives himself the title of Hsinbyushin .
[185]
September 12 – Amendments are made to the May 17 Treaty of Arras, with further concessions to Spain by the Union of Arras. The final version is promulgated by King Philip of Spain in
Mons , one of the regions in the Arras Union.
[176]
September 28 – In
Switzerland , a mutual assistance pact was signed at
Lucerne between representatives of Roman Catholic
cantons by the efforts of the Catholic Bishop of Basel,
Jakob Christoph Blarer von Wartensee .
[186]
October–December
November 3: Seditious writer John Stubbs is barred from writing again
November 3 – The English puritan
John Stubbs , author of numerous pamphlets against the doctrines of the Church of England, is convicted of sedition, and his right hand is amputated as punishment.
[191]
November 13 – During the
Second Desmond Rebellion , rebel troops in Ireland, led by
Gerald FitzGerald, 14th Earl of Desmond , carry out the
Sack of Youghal and massacre the English Army garrison, then pillage and burn the homes of local residents.
[192]
November 21 –
Iancu Sasul becomes the new
Prince of Moldavia as Peter the Lame steps down for the second time.
[193] Peter will replace Sasul on October 17, 1582.
November 23 –
Jeremias II Tranos is removed from office as
Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople , leader of the Eastern Orthodox Church, and replaced by his rival
Metrophanes III of Constantinople , whom he deposed on May 4, 1572.
[194]
December 16 – After
Willem van Pamele , the Spanish Governor of Flanders, is forced to flee during the Dutch Revolt, the Duke of Parma orders Pamele and the Catholic members of the Council of Flanders to convene at
Douai as the temporary Flemish capital.
[195]
December 24 – German astronomer
Michael Maestlin makes the first cataloging of the
Pleiades cluster, recording 11 separate stars visible to the naked eye, with a detailed illustration and measurements.
[196]
December 25 – In France, Protestant French troops under the command of
Matthieu Merle , make a surprise attack on the Roman Catholic cathedral in the village of
Mende during Mass, and kill 400 civilians.
[197]
Date unknown
Births
1570
Guy Fawkes
Hans Lippershey
January 1 –
Dorothea of Brunswick-Lüneburg , Spouse of Charles I, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld (d.
1649 )
[201]
January 19 –
Wolfgang Hirschbach , German legal scholar (d.
1620 )
March 25 –
Henry Lennard, 12th Baron Dacre , English baron and politician (d.
1616 )
[202]
April 13 –
Guy Fawkes , English conspirator (d.
1606 )
[203]
May 8 –
Tamás Esterházy , Hungarian writer (d.
1616 )
May 22 –
Johann II, Duke of Saxe-Weimar , German duke (d.
1605 )
[204]
June 7 –
Sultan Murad Mirza , Mughal prince (d.
1599 )
[205]
June 13 –
Paul Peuerl , German organist (d.
1625 )
[206]
August 10 –
Philip, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp (1587–1590) (d.
1590 )
[207]
August 19 –
Salamone Rossi , Italian violinist and composer (d.
1630 )
[208]
August 21 –
Christopher, Duke of Brunswick-Harburg , co-ruler of Brunswick-Lüneburg-Harburg (1603–1606) (d.
1606 )
[209]
August 22 –
Franz von Dietrichstein , German Catholic bishop (d.
1636 )
[210]
August 31 –
Gustav of Saxe-Lauenburg , German noble (d.
1597 )
[211]
October 3 –
George Coke , British bishop (d.
1646 )
[212]
October 4 –
Péter Pázmány , Hungarian cardinal and statesman (d.
1637 )
[213]
[214]
October 7 –
Volkert Overlander , Dutch mayor (d.
1630 )
November 1 –
Phineas Pett , English shipwright and member of the Pett Dynasty (d.
1647 )
[215]
November 15 –
Francesco Curradi , Italian painter (d.
1661 )
[216]
November 20 –
Giovanni Battista Agucchi , Italian churchman, papal diplomat, and writer on art theory (d.
1632 )
[217]
November 26 –
Christian, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Ærø (1622–1633) (d.
1633 )
[218]
November 28 –
James Whitelocke , English judge (d.
1632 )
[219]
December 7 –
Richard Cecil , English politician (d.
1633 )
[220]
December 29 –
Wilhelm Lamormaini , Luxembourgian theologian (d.
1648 )
[221]
date unknown
Diego Aduarte , Prior of Manila (d.
1637 )
[222]
Robert Aytoun , Scottish poet (d.
1638 )
[223]
Ebba Bielke , Swedish baroness and conspirator (d.
1618 )
[224]
John Cooper , English composer and lutenist (d.
1626 )
[225]
Simon Grahame , Scottish-born adventurer (d.
1614 )
[226]
Nakagawa Hidenari , Japanese daimyō (d.
1612 )
[227]
Hans Lippershey , Dutch lensmaker (d.
1619 )
[228]
Asprilio Pacelli , Italian Baroque composer (d.
1623 )
[229]
Girolamo Rainaldi , Italian architect (d.
1655 )
[230]
Claudia Sessa , Italian composer (d. 1617/19)
[231]
Katharina Henot , German General Postmaster and alleged witch (d.
1627 )
[232]
Urszula Meyerin , politically influential Polish courtier (d.
1635 )
[233]
Christina Rauscher , German official and critic of witchcraft persecutions (d.
1618 )
John Dackombe , Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster (d.
1618 )
[234]
1571
Abbas I of Safavid
Johannes Kepler
January 9 –
Charles Bonaventure de Longueval, Count of Bucquoy , French soldier in Habsburg service (d.
1621 )
January 27 –
Abbas I of Safavid ,
Shah of Iran (d.
1629 )
February 15 –
Michael Praetorius , German composer and writer on music (d.
1621 )
[235]
March 31 –
Pietro Aldobrandini , Italian cardinal, archbishop (d.
1621 )
April 17 –
Adam Contzen , German economist (d.
1635 )
April 22 –
Giovanni Branca , Italian architect and engineer (d.
1645 )
April 24 –
Sur Singh , Ruler of
Marwar (d.
1619 )
May 11 –
Niwa Nagashige , Japanese warlord (d.
1637 )
June 17 –
Thomas Mun , English writer on economics (d.
1641 )
July 16 –
Theodoor Galle , Flemish engraver (d.
1633 )
August 2 –
Charles, Duke of Guise , son of Henry I (d.
1640 )
August 14 –
Anders Bure , founder of Swedish
cartography (d.
1646 )
September 12 –
Álvaro de Bazán, 2nd Marquis of Santa Cruz (d.
1646 )
September 21 –
Giovanni Battista Magnani , Italian architect (d.
1653 )
September 29 –
Caravaggio , Venetian artist (d.
1610 )
[236]
October 7
October 15 –
Jacob Matham , Dutch artist (d.
1631 )
October 18 –
Wolfgang Ratke , German educational reformer (d.
1635 )
November 18 –
Hippolytus Guarinonius , Italian physician and polymath (d.
1654 )
December 3 –
Lakshmi Kumara Thathachariar , Indian saint (d.
1643 )
December 4 –
Ferdinand, Prince of Asturias , Spanish prince (d.
1578 )
December 9 –
Metius , Dutch mathematician and astronomer (d.
1635 )
December 20
December 27 –
Johannes Kepler , German astronomer (d.
1630 )
[237]
December 31 –
Emperor Go-Yōzei of Japan (d.
1617 )
date unknown
Henry Ainsworth , English Nonconformist clergyman and scholar (d.
1622 )
William Bedell , Anglican churchman (d.
1642 )
Willem Blaeu , Dutch cartographer (d.
1638 )
Charles Butler , English beekeeper and philologist (d.
1647 )
Inés de Hinojosa , Venezuelan
hacendada (b.
1540 )
Frederick de Houtman , Dutch explorer (d.
1627 )
Esther Inglis , French (?British-born) calligrapher (d.
1624 )
Lucrezia Marinella , Italian poet and author (d.
1653 )
Paulus Moreelse , Dutch painter (d.
1638 )
Hugh Roe O'Donnell , Irish chieftain and rebel (d.
1603 )
Aleksander Ostrogski , Polish nobleman (d.
1603 )
Alessandro Peretti di Montalto , Venetian cardinal (d.
1623 )
Thomas Storer , English poet (d.
1604 )
Thomas Wintour , English
Gunpowder Plot conspirator (d.
1606 )
1572
Elizabeth Wriothesley, Countess of Southampton
Marie Elisabeth of France
January 7 –
Antoine de Gaudier , French Jesuit writer (d.
1622 )
January 11 –
Elizabeth Wriothesley, Countess of Southampton , English countess (d.
1655 )
January 22 –
John Donne , English poet and soldier (d.
1631 ),
February 1 –
Ellen Marsvin , Danish noble, landowner and county administrator (d.
1649 )
February 14 –
William Cooke , English politician (d.
1619 )
February 27 –
Francis II, Duke of Lorraine (d.
1632 )
February 29 –
Edward Cecil, 1st Viscount Wimbledon , English viscount (d.
1638 )
March 4 –
István Esterházy , Hungarian noble (d.
1596 )
March 10 –
Tommaso Caracciolo , Field Marshal of Spanish forces in the
Thirty Years' War (d.
1631 )
March 20 –
Otto III, Duke of Brunswick-Harburg (d.
1641 )
April 4 –
William Strachey , English writer (d.
1621 )
April 14 –
Adam Tanner , Austrian Jesuit professor of mathematics and philosophy (d.
1632 )
May 20 –
John Davenant , English Anglican bishop (d.
1641 )
May 25 –
Maurice, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel , German musician (d.
1632 )
June 8 –
Honorat de Porchères Laugier , French writer (d.
1653 )
June 10 –
Henry II, Count of Reuss-Gera , Lord of Gera, Lobenstein and Oberkranichfeld (1572–1635) (d.
1635 )
June 11 –
Ben Jonson , English dramatist (d.
1637 )
July 16 –
Teimuraz I, Prince of Mukhrani , Georgian prince (d.
1625 )
July 25 –
Theodorus Schrevelius , Dutch Golden Age writer and poet (d.
1649 )
August 6 –
Fakhr-al-Din II , Ottoman Emir of
Chouf (d.
1635 )
September 11 –
Daniyal , Imperial Prince of the Royal House of Timur, Viceroy of Deccan (d.
1604 )
September 27 –
Francis van Aarssens , Dutch diplomat (d.
1641 )
September 30 –
Denis-Simon de Marquemont , French cardinal and archbishop (d.
1626 )
October 27 –
Marie Elisabeth of France , French princess (d.
1578 )
November 4 –
William Whitmore , English politician (d.
1648 )
November 7 –
Johannes Saeckma , Dutch Golden Age magistrate and judge of Leeuwarden (d.
1636 )
November 8 –
John Sigismund, Elector of Brandenburg (d.
1619 )
November 23 –
Albret Skeel , State Admiral of Denmark (d.
1639 )
November 25 –
Daniel Sennert , German physician, chemist (d.
1637 )
December 1 –
Vilem Slavata of Chlum , Czech nobleman (d.
1652 )
December 20 –
Edward Russell, 3rd Earl of Bedford , son of Sir Francis Russell (d.
1627 )
December 22 –
Juan López de Agurto de la Mata , Spanish Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Coro (later Bishop of Caracas) (1634–1637) and Bishop of Puerto Rico (1630–1634) (d.
1637 )
December 27 –
Johannes Vodnianus Campanus , Czech humanist, composer, pedagogue, poet and dramatist (d.
1622 )
date unknown
Johann Bayer , German astronomer (d.
1625 )
Alfonso de la Cueva, 1st Marquis of Bedmar , Spanish diplomat (d.
1655 )
Arend Dickmann , Dutch admiral in the Polish Navy (d.
1627 )
John Floyd , English Jesuit (d.
1649 )
Regina Basilier , German-Swedish merchant banker (d.
1631 )
Bartholomew Gosnold , English lawyer and explorer (d.
1607 )
Cyril Lucaris , Greek prelate and theologian (d.
1637 )
James Mabbe , English scholar and poet (d.
1642 )
Thomas Tomkins , Welsh composer (d.
1656 )
probable –
Giovanni Bernardino Azzolini or Mazzolini or Asoleni, Italian painter (d. c.
1645 )
1573
Elias Holl
Pietro Carrera
Anne of Austria, Queen of Poland
January 10 –
Simon Marius , German astronomer (d.
1624 )
[238]
January 18 –
Ambrosius Bosschaert , still life painter of the Dutch Golden Age (d.
1621 )
[239]
January 20 –
Alexander, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg (d.
1627 )
[240]
January 22 –
Ludwig Camerarius , German politician (d.
1651 )
[241]
January 30 –
Georg Friedrich, Margrave of Baden-Durlach (1604–1622) (d.
1638 )
[242]
February 28 –
Elias Holl , German architect (d.
1646 )
[243]
March 12 –
Agnes Hedwig of Anhalt , Abbess of Gernrode, Electress of Saxony, Duchess of Schleswig-Holstein-Sønderborg-Plön (d.
1616 )
[244]
March 24 –
Giovanni Doria , Spanish noble (d.
1642 )
[245]
April 6 –
Margaret of Brunswick-Lüneburg , German noble (d.
1643 )
[246]
April 12 –
Jacques Bonfrère , Flemish Jesuit priest, biblical scholar (d.
1642 )
[247]
April 13 –
Christina of Holstein-Gottorp , Queen of Sweden (d.
1625 )
[248]
April 17 –
Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria (d.
1651 )
[249]
April 28 –
Charles de Valois, Duke of Angoulême , natural son of Charles IX of France (d.
1650 )
[250]
May 12 –
Henri, Duke of Montpensier , French noble (d.
1608 )
May 13 –
Taj Bibi Bilqis Makani , Mughal empress (d.
1619 )
[251]
June 12 –
Robert Radclyffe, 5th Earl of Sussex , British Earl (d.
1629 )
June 16 –
Andries de Witt ,
Grand Pensionary of
Holland (d.
1637 )
[252]
June 28 –
Henry Danvers, 1st Earl of Danby , English noble (d.
1643 )
[253]
July 12 –
Pietro Carrera , Italian priest, painter and saint (d.
1647 )
[254]
July 14 –
Bonaventure Hepburn , Scottish philologist and Minim friar (d.
1620 )
[255]
July 15 –
Inigo Jones , English architect (d.
1652 )
[256]
July 18 –
Odoardo Fialetti , Italian painter (d.
1638 )
[257]
July 25 –
Christoph Scheiner , German astronomer and Jesuit (d.
1650 )
[258]
July 29 –
Philip II, Duke of Pomerania -Stettin (d.
1618 )
[259]
August 16 –
Anne of Austria, Queen of Poland (d.
1598 )
[260]
August 25 –
Elizabeth of Denmark, Duchess of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel , German regent (d.
1626 )
[261]
September 8 –
Georg Friedrich von Greiffenklau , Archbishop of Mainz (d.
1629 )
September 28 –
Théodore de Mayerne , Swiss physician (d.
1654 )
[262]
September 29 –
Robert Payne , English politician (d.
1631 )
[263]
October 6 –
Henry Wriothesley, 3rd Earl of Southampton (d.
1624 )
[264]
October 7 –
William Laud ,
Archbishop of Canterbury (d.
1645 )
[265]
October 11 –
Jacobus Boonen , Dutch Catholic archbishop (d.
1655 )
[266]
November 3 –
Catherine of Lorraine , Abbess of Remiremont (d.
1648 )
[267]
November 29 –
Johannes Canuti Lenaeus , archbishop of Uppsala (d.
1669 )
[268]
November 30 –
Aubert Miraeus , Belgian historian (d.
1640 )
[269]
December 7 –
Odoardo Farnese , Italian Catholic cardinal (d.
1626 )
[270]
December 21 –
Mathurin Régnier , French satirist (d.
1613 )
[271]
December 22 –
Ernest Casimir I, Count of Nassau-Dietz (1606–1632) and Stadtholder of Groningen, Friesland and Drenthe (1625–1632) (d.
1632 )
[272]
December 23 –
Giovanni Battista Crespi , Italian painter (d.
1632 )
[273]
date unknown
approximate year
1574
Pope Innocent X
Anne of Denmark
January 17 –
Robert Fludd , English Rosicrucian and Paracelsian physicist (d.
1637 )
[276]
February 17 –
Pedro Téllez-Girón, 3rd Duke of Osuna , Spanish nobleman and politician (d.
1624 )
[277]
March 4 –
Carl Gyllenhielm , Swedish soldier and politician (d.
1650 )
[278]
March 5 –
William Oughtred , English mathematician and Anglican minister (d.
1660 )
[279]
March 7 –
John Wilbye , English composer (date of baptism) (d.
1638 )
[280]
April 27 –
Philip Rubens , Flemish lawyer and older brother to painter
Peter Paul Rubens (d.
1611 )
[281]
May 6 –
Pope Innocent X (d.
1655 )
[282]
May 14
June 13 –
Juan Alonso de Solis y Mendoza , Spanish Catholic prelate, Bishop of Puerto Rico (1635–1640) (d.
1640 )
[285]
June 13 –
Wilhelm Kettler , Duke of Courland (d.
1640 )
June –
Richard Barnfield , English poet (d.
1627 )
[286]
July 1 –
Joseph Hall , English bishop and satirist (d.
1656 )
[287]
July 2 –
Dorothea Maria of Anhalt , Duchess consort of Saxe-Weimar (1602–1605) (d.
1617 )
[288]
July 10 –
Clara Maria of Pomerania-Barth , German noble (d.
1623 )
[289]
July 23 –
Balthasar I Moretus , Flemish printer (d.
1641 )
[290]
August 2 –
Sir Richard Beaumont, 1st Baronet , English politician (d.
1631 )
[291]
August 7 –
Robert Dudley, styled Earl of Warwick , English explorer and geographer (d.
1649 )
[292]
August 28 –
Frederick IV, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (1636–1648) (d.
1648 )
[293]
August 30 –
Albert Szenczi Molnár , Hungarian translator (d.
1634 )
[294]
September 6 –
Luis Sotelo , Spanish Franciscan friar who died as a martyr in Japan (d.
1624 )
September 18 –
Claudio Achillini , Italian philosopher, theologian, mathematician, poet, jurist (d.
1640 )
[295]
September 29 –
Ludovic Stewart, 2nd Duke of Lennox , Scottish nobleman and politician (d.
1624 )
[296]
September –
Thomas Gataker , English clergyman and theologian (d.
1654 )
[297]
October 25 –
François de Sourdis , French Catholic cardinal (d.
1628 )
[298]
[299]
November 4 –
Erycius Puteanus , Dutch humanist, philologist (d.
1646 )
[300]
November 5 –
Charlotte de La Marck , French duchess (d.
1594 )
[301]
November 10 –
Archduchess Maria Christina of Austria , Austrian archduchess (d.
1621 )
[302]
November 30 –
Frederick of Solms-Rödelheim , imperial chamberlain, war and Obrist (d.
1649 )
[303]
December 8 –
Maria Anna of Bavaria , Archduchess of Inner Austria (d.
1616 )
[304]
December 10 –
Mikołaj Łęczycki , Polish Jesuit (d.
1653 )
[305]
December 12
December 15 –
Samuel Besler , Polish composer (d.
1625 )
[308]
date unknown
1575
Marie de' Medici
Countess Palatine Anna Maria of Neuburg
January –
Elizabeth Cecil, 16th Baroness de Ros (d.
1591 )
January 22 –
Louis III, Cardinal of Guise (d.
1621 )
c.
February 3 –
Bernard of Wąbrzeźno , Polish Catholic priest and Benedictine monk (d.
1603 )
February 4 –
Pierre de Bérulle , French cardinal and statesman (d.
1629 )
February 15 –
Louis Gunther of Nassau , Count of Nassau-Katzenelnbogen (d.
1604 )
February 16 –
Richard Carpenter , English priest and theologian (d.
1625 )
February 21 –
Marten Pepijn , Flemish painter (d.
1643 )
February 27
April 18 –
Frederick Magnus, Count of Erbach-Fürstenau (1606–1618) (d.
1618 )
April 21 –
Francesco Molin , Doge of Venice (d.
1655 )
April 26 –
Marie de' Medici , queen of
Henry IV of France (d.
1642 )
May 20 –
Robert Heath , English judge and politician (d.
1649 )
May 30 –
Diego Salcedo , Spanish bishop (d.
1644 )
June 15 –
Lelio Biscia , Italian Catholic cardinal (d.
1638 )
June 24 –
William Petre, 2nd Baron Petre , English peer and MP (d.
1637 )
June 26 –
Anne Catherine of Brandenburg (d.
1612 )
July 2 –
Elizabeth de Vere, Countess of Derby (d.
1627 )
July 11 –
Thomas Berkeley , English politician (d.
1611 )
July 14 –
Augustus, Prince of Anhalt-Plötzkau , German prince (d.
1653 )
July 28 –
Fernando de Valdés y Llanos , Spanish Catholic archbishop (d.
1639 )
July 31 –
Simon Steward , English politician (d.
1632 )
August 14 –
Robert Hayman , English-born poet (d.
1629 )
August 15 –
Diego, Prince of Asturias , Portuguese prince (d.
1582 )
August 18 –
Countess Palatine Anna Maria of Neuburg , Duchess of Saxe-Altenburg (d.
1643 )
August 24 –
William Burton , British antiquarian (d.
1645 )
November 4 –
Guido Reni , Italian painter (d.
1642 )
November 26 –
John Augustus, Count Palatine of Lützelstein , German count (d.
1611 )
December 4 –
The Nun of Monza , Italian nun (d.
1650 )
December 18 –
Michelagnolo Galilei , Italian lutenist and composer (d.
1631 )
date unknown
Jakob Böhme ,
German mystic (d.
1624 )
David Calderwood , Scottish divine and historian (d.
1650 )
Concino Concini , 3rd
Prime Minister of France (d.
1617 )
Anna Kostka , Polish noblewoman (d.
1635 )
Lionel Cranfield, 1st Earl of Middlesex , successful London merchant (d.
1645 )
William Parker, 4th Baron Monteagle (d.
1622 )
Arbella Stuart , Duchess of Somerset (d.
1615 )
Cyril Tourneur , English dramatist (d.
1626 )
Rory O'Donnell, 1st Earl of Tyrconnell (d.
1608 )
probable
1576
Archduchess Catherine Renata of Austria
Duchess Anna of Prussia
January 4 –
Archduchess Catherine Renata of Austria , Austrian archduchess (d.
1599 )
January 5 –
Anne Turner , English murderer (d.
1615 )
January 12 –
Petrus Scriverius , Dutch writer and scholar on the history of Holland and Belgium (d.
1660 )
February 2 –
Alix Le Clerc , French Canoness Regular and foundress (d.
1622 )
February 10 –
Festus Hommius , Dutch theologian (d.
1642 )
February 29 –
Antonio Neri , Italian chemist (d.
1614 )
March 14 –
Eric of Lorraine , Bishop of Verdun (d.
1623 )
March 31 –
Countess Louise Juliana of Nassau , countess consort and a regent of the Palatinate (d.
1644 )
May 17 –
Joam Mattheus Adami , Italian Jesuit missionary (d.
1633 )
May 24 –
Elizabeth Carey, Lady Berkeley , English courtier (d.
1635 )
May 27 –
Caspar Schoppe , German controversialist and scholar (d.
1649 )
June 6 –
Giovanni Diodati , Swiss-born Italian Calvinist theologian and translator (d.
1649 )
June 16 –
Giovanni Battista Viola , Italian painter (d.
1622 )
July 3 –
Duchess Anna of Prussia , Electress consort of Brandenburg and Duchess consort of Prussia (d.
1625 )
September 22 –
Philipp of Bavaria , German Catholic cardinal (d.
1598 )
October –
Thomas Weelkes , English composer and organist (d.
1626 )
October 6 –
Roger Manners, 5th Earl of Rutland , eldest surviving son of John Manners (d.
1612 )
October 7 –
John Marston , English writer (d.
1634 )
October 12 –
Thomas Dudley , Governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony (d.
1653 )
October 28 –
Rudolph, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst , Prince of Anhalt (1586–1603), then Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst (1603–1621) (d.
1621 )
October 30 –
Enrico Caterino Davila , Italian historian and diplomat (d.
1631 )
November 6 –
Charles Günther, Count of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt (1605–1630) (d.
1630 )
November 17 –
Roque Gonzales , Paraguayan missionary (d.
1628 )
November 18 –
Philipp Ludwig II, Count of Hanau-Münzenberg (1580–1612) (d.
1612 )
November 27 –
Shimazu Tadatsune , Japanese ruler of Satsuma (d.
1638 )
December 20 – Saint
John Sarkander ,
Moravian priest (d.
1620 )
date unknown
probable –
Jesper Mattson Cruus af Edeby , Swedish soldier and politician (d.
1622 )
1577
Christian IV of Denmark and Norway
Peter Paul Rubens
January 9 –
Anthony Irby , English politician (d.
1610 )
January 12 –
Francesco Stelluti , Italian mathematician (d.
1652 )
January 13 –
Hugh Audley , English moneylender/lawyer/philosopher (d.
1662 )
February 5 –
Johann Baptist Grossschedel , German noble, alchemist and esoteric author (d.
1630 )
February 6 –
Beatrice Cenci , Italian noblewoman who conspired to kill her father (d.
1599 )
[314]
February 7 –
Francis Walsingham , English Jesuit (d.
1647 )
February 8 –
Robert Burton , English scholar at Oxford University (d.
1640 )
February 15 –
Jean Riolan the Younger , French anatomist (d.
1657 )
February 17 –
Augustus, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg , German noble (d.
1656 )
February 18 –
Roger North , English politician (d.
1651 )
February 22 –
Pieter Huyssens , Flemish architect (d.
1637 )
March 1 –
Richard Weston, 1st Earl of Portland (d.
1635 )
March 2 –
George Sandys , English traveller (d.
1644 )
March 5 –
Franciscus Dousa , Dutch classical scholar (d.
1630 )
March 20 –
Alessandro Tiarini , Italian Baroque painter of the Bolognese School (d.
1668 )
March 24 –
Francis, Duke of Pomerania -Stettin, Bishop of Cammin (d.
1620 )
April 12 – King
Christian IV of Denmark and Norway (d.
1648 )
[315]
April 26 –
Countess Elisabeth of Nassau , French noble (d.
1642 )
May 20 –
Philip de' Medici , Italian noble (d.
1582 )
May 31 –
Nur Jahan , empress consort of the Mughal Empire (d.
1645 )
June 12 –
Paul Guldin , Swiss Jesuit mathematician (d.
1643 )
June 28 –
Peter Paul Rubens , Flemish painter (d.
1640 )
[316]
July 9 –
Thomas West, 3rd Baron De La Warr , English governor of Virginia (d.
1618 )
July 21
August 11 (bapt.) –
Barnaby Potter , English
Bishop of Carlisle (d.
1642 )
September 1 –
Scipione Borghese , Italian Catholic cardinal and art collector (d.
1633 )
September 8 –
Otto Heurnius , Dutch physician and philosopher (d.
1652 )
September 24 –
Louis V, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt from 1596 to 1626 (d.
1626 )
October 3 –
Tobie Matthew , English Member of Parliament, later Catholic priest (d.
1655 )
October 6 –
Ferdinand of Bavaria (d.
1650 )
October 11 –
Jørgen Lunge , Danish politician (d.
1619 )
October 17
November 2 –
John Bridgeman , British bishop (d.
1652 )
November 4 –
François Leclerc du Tremblay (d.
1638 )
November 10 –
Jacob Cats , Dutch poet, jurist and politician (d.
1660 )
November 24 –
Louis Philip, Count Palatine of Guttenberg , Palatinate-Veldenz (d.
1601 )
November 25 –
Piet Pieterszoon Hein , Dutch admiral and privateer for the Dutch Republic (d.
1629 )
December 8 –
Mario Minniti , Italian artist active in Sicily after
1606 (d.
1640 )
December 20 –
Antonio Brunelli , Italian composer and theorist (d.
1630 )
December 25 –
Petrus Kirstenius , German physician and orientalist (d.
1640 )
December 27 –
William Howard, 3rd Baron Howard of Effingham , English politician and Baron (d.
1615 )
date unknown
1578
William Harvey
Philip III of Spain
January 7 –
Agnes of Solms-Laubach , Landgravine of Hesse-Kassel (d.
1602 )
January 10 –
Christopher Clitherow , Lord Mayor of London and Member of Parliament (d.
1641 )
January 28 –
Cornelius Haga , Dutch diplomat (d.
1654 )
March 18 –
Adam Elsheimer , German artist working in Rome, who died at only thirty-two (d.
1610 )
April 1 –
William Harvey , English physician (d.
1657 )
[317]
April 14 – King
Philip III of Spain (d.
1621 )
[318]
April 17 –
Maximilian van der Sandt , Dutch theologian (d.
1656 )
May 11 –
Christian Günther I, Count of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen (1601–1642) (d.
1642 )
June 5 –
Claude, Duke of Chevreuse (d.
1657 )
June 13 –
Thomas Finch, 2nd Earl of Winchilsea , Member of Parliament (d.
1639 )
July 9 –
Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor (d.
1637 )
July 21 –
Philipp Hainhofer , German merchant, banker, diplomat and art collector (d.
1647 )
July 27 –
Frances Howard, Duchess of Richmond , British duchess (d.
1639 )
July 31 –
Countess Catharina Belgica of Nassau , regent of Hanau-Münzenberg (d.
1648 )
August 5 –
Charles d'Albert, duc de Luynes , first duke of Chaulnes (d.
1621 )
August 10 –
Matteo Rosselli , Italian painter (d.
1650 )
August 17
August 24 –
John Taylor , English poet who dubbed himself The Water Poet (d.
1653 )
September 11 –
Vincenzo Maculani , Italian Catholic cardinal (d.
1667 )
September 17 –
John Prideaux , English academic administrator and Anglican bishop (d.
1650 )
October 4 –
Giovanni Francesco Guidi di Bagno , Italian Catholic cardinal (d.
1641 )
October 12 –
Baldassare Aloisi , Italian painter (d.
1638 )
October 19 –
Christine of Hesse-Kassel , Duchess of Saxe-Eisenach and Saxe-Coburg (d.
1658 )
November 4 –
Wolfgang Wilhelm, Count Palatine of Neuburg , Duke of Jülich and Berg (1614–1635) (d.
1653 )
November 6 –
Maximilian of Liechtenstein , Austrian nobleman and Imperial General (d.
1645 )
December 2 –
Agostino Agazzari , Italian composer and music theorist (d.
1640 )
December 7 –
Okaji no Kata , Japanese concubine of
Tokugawa Ieyasu (d.
1642 )
December 20 –
Henry of Lorraine, Duke of Mayenne , French noble (d.
1621 )
December 28 –
Henry Bulstrode , English Member of Parliament (d.
1643 )
December 30 –
Ulrik of Denmark , Danish prince-bishop (d.
1624 )
approx. date –
Fede Galizia , Italian painter
date unknown
Giambattista Andreini , Italian actor and playwright (d.
1650 )
Yamada Arinaga, Japanese retainer of the Shimazu clan (d.
1668 )
Benedetto Castelli , Italian scientist (d.
1643 )
Thomas Coventry, 1st Baron Coventry , English lawyer (d.
1640 )
Iwasa Matabei , Japanese painter (d.
1650 )
Samuel Jordan , American colonial legislator (d.
1623 )
Grzegorz IV Radziwiłł , Polish magnate (d.
1613 )
François Ravaillac , killer of Henry IV of France (d.
1610 )
Ambrose Rookwood , English
Gunpowder Plot conspirator (d.
1606 )
Francis Manners, 6th Earl of Rutland (d.
1632 )
Horio Tadauji , Japanese daimyō (d.
1604 )
Everard Digby , English conspirator (d.
1606 )
1579
Tokugawa Hidetada
January 4 –
Willem Teellinck , Dutch pastor (d.
1629 )
[320]
January 6 –
Juan Manuel Pérez de Guzmán, 8th Duke of Medina Sidonia , Spanish nobleman, Knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece (d.
1636 )
[321]
January 23 –
Marie of Prussia, Margravine of Brandenburg-Bayreuth (d.
1649 )
[322]
January 27 –
Antonio Tornielli , Italian Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Novara (1636–1650) (d.
1650 )
February 24 –
Johann Jacob Grasser , Swiss poet, historian and theologian (d.
1627 )
[323]
March 23 –
Francis Mansell , English academic (d.
1665 )
[324]
April 10 –
Augustus the Younger, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (d.
1666 )
[325]
April 12 –
François de Bassompierre , French courtier (d.
1646 )
[326]
May 1 –
Wolphert Gerretse , Dutch founder of the New Netherland Colony (d.
1662 )
May 2 –
Tokugawa Hidetada , Japanese shōgun (d.
1632 )
June 17 –
Louis I, Prince of Anhalt-Köthen , German prince (d.
1650 )
[327]
June 18 –
Afonso Mendes , Patriarch of Ethiopia (d.
1659 )
July 2 –
Janusz Radziwiłł , Lithuanian and Polish nobleman (d.
1620 )
[328]
July 6
July 13 –
Arthur Dee , English physician and alchemist (d.
1651 )
[331]
August 1 –
Luis Vélez de Guevara , Spanish dramatist and novelist (d.
1644 )
[332]
August 18 –
Countess Charlotte Flandrina of Nassau , Dutch-French abbess (d.
1640 )
[333]
August 21 –
Henri, Duke of Rohan , French Huguenot soldier and writer (d.
1638 )
[334]
August 23 –
Thomas Dempster , Scottish scholar and historian (d.
1625 )
[335]
September 1 –
John Frederick of Holstein-Gottorp, Prince-Bishop , German Catholic archbishop (d.
1634 )
[336]
September 3 –
Louis I, Count of Erbach-Erbach (1606–1643) (d.
1643 )
[337]
September 16 –
Samuel Coster , Dutch writer (d.
1665 )
[338]
September 17 –
Charles Howard, 2nd Earl of Nottingham , English noble (d.
1642 )
[339]
October 4 –
Guido Bentivoglio , Italian cardinal (d.
1644 )
[340]
October 18 –
Anthony Abdy , English merchant (d.
1640 )
November 7 –
Juan de Peñalosa , Spanish painter (d.
1633 )
[341]
November 11 –
Frans Snyders , Flemish painter (d.
1657 )
[342]
November 12 –
Albrecht of Hanau-Münzenberg , German nobleman (d.
1635 )
[343]
November 16 –
Federico Baldissera Bartolomeo Cornaro , Italian Catholic cardinal (d.
1653 )
[344]
December 9 –
Martin de Porres , Peruvian monk, Roman Catholic saint (d.
1639 )
[345]
December 20 (bapt.) –
John Fletcher , English dramatist (d.
1625 )
[346]
date unknown
Deaths
1570
Ippolita Gonzaga
Manuel da Nobrega
Duke
Frederick III of Legnica
January 8 –
Philibert de l'Orme , French architect (b.
1510 )
[351]
February –
Henry Balnaves , Scottish politician and religious reformer (b.
1512 )
[352]
January 23 –
James Stewart, 1st Earl of Moray , regent of Scotland (assassinated) (b. c.
1531 )
[353]
February 13 –
Eleonora Gonzaga, Duchess of Urbino , politically active Italian duchess (b.
1493 )
February 20 –
Johannes Scheubel , German mathematician (b.
1494 )
[354]
March 1 –
Bernhard VII, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst (b.
1540 )
March 16 –
Ippolita Gonzaga , Italian nun (b.
1503 )
April 13 –
Daniele Barbaro , Italian architect (b.
1514 )
[355]
July 3 –
Aonio Paleario , Italian humanist and reformer (executed) (b. c.
1500 )
[356]
July 25 –
Ivan Mikhailovich Viskovatyi , Russian diplomat
[357]
August 4 –
Marie Catherine Gondi , French court official (b. c.
1500 )
[358]
September 11 –
Johannes Brenz , German theologian and Protestant Reformer (b.
1499 )
[359]
October 1 –
Frans Floris , Flemish painter (b.
1520 )
[360]
October 18 –
Manuel da Nóbrega , Portuguese
Jesuit missionary in Brazil (b.
1517 )
[361]
October 20
November –
Jacques Grévin , French dramatist (b.
1539 )
[363]
November 21 –
Ruxandra Lăpușneanu , Moldavian regent (b.
1538 )
[364]
November 27 –
Jacopo Sansovino , Italian sculptor and architect (b.
1486 )
[365]
December 15 –
Frederick III of Legnica , Duke of Legnica (b.
1520 )
[366]
date unknown
1571
Hans Asper
January 3
January 9 –
Nicolas Durand de Villegaignon , French naval officer (b.
1510 )
January 13 –
John, Margrave of Brandenburg-Küstrin (b.
1513 )
January 19 –
Paris Bordone , Venetian painter (b.
1495 )
February 12 –
Nicholas Throckmorton , English diplomat and politician (b.
1515 )
February 13 –
Benvenuto Cellini , Italian artist (b.
1500 )
[371]
March 6 –
Tsukahara Bokuden , Japanese swordsman (b.
1489 )
March 14 –
John Sigismund Zápolya , King of Hungary (b.
1540 )
March 21
April 6 –
John Hamilton , Scottish prelate and politician (b.
1511 )
May 4 –
Pierre Viret , Swiss theologian (b.
1511 )
May 29 –
Joachim Mörlin , German Lutheran bishop (b.
1514 )
June 1 –
John Story , English Catholic (martyred) (b.
1504 )
June 3 –
Tarik Sulayman , Filipino chieftain
June 7 –
Francesco Corteccia , Italian composer (b.
1502 )
July 6 –
Mōri Motonari , Japanese warlord (b.
1497 )
July 15 –
Shimazu Takahisa , Japanese samurai and warlord (b.
1514 )
July 17 –
Georg Fabricius , German poet (b.
1516 )
[372]
August 17 –
Marco Antonio Bragadin , Venetian lawyer and military officer (b.
1523 )
September 4 –
Matthew Stewart, 4th Earl of Lennox (b.
1516 )
September 23 –
John Jewel , English Anglican bishop (b.
1522 )
October 7
November 24 –
Jan Blahoslav , Czech writer (b.
1523 )
December 14 –
Lorenzo Strozzi , Italian Catholic cardinal (b.
1513 )
date unknown
1572
Pope Pius V
Longqing Emperor of China
King
Sigismund II Augustus of Poland
Miguel Lopez de Legazpi
Gaspard de Coligny
Saint
Francis Borgia
January 22 –
Henry VI, Burgrave of Plauen (b.
1536 )
January 26 –
Pierre de Monte , French 50th Grandmaster of the
Knights Hospitaller (b.
1499 )
February 21 –
Cho Shik , Korean Confucian scholar and politician (b.
1501 )
February 23 –
Pierre Certon , French composer (b. c.
1510 )
February 26 –
Pedro Agustín , Spanish
Roman Catholic bishop (b.
1512 )
February 28
March 2 –
Mem de Sá , Portuguese Governor-General of Brazil (b. c.
1500 )
March 10 –
William Paulet, 1st Marquess of Winchester (b. c.
1483 )
March 27 –
Girolamo Maggi , Italian
Renaissance man (b. c.
1523 )
April 2 –
Elisabeth of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Duchess of Guelders (1518–1538) (b.
1494 )
May 1 –
Pope Pius V (b.
1504 )
[373]
May 11 –
Moses Isserles , Polish Jewish rabbi and Talmudist (b.
1530 )
June 2 –
Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk (executed) (b.
1536 )
June 9 –
Jeanne d'Albret , Queen of Navarre (b.
1528 )
June 28 –
Johannes Goropius Becanus , Dutch physician, linguist, and humanist (b.
1519 )
July 5 –
Longqing Emperor of China (b.
1537 )
July 7 – King
Sigismund II Augustus of Poland (b.
1520 )
July 9
July 25 –
Isaac Luria , Palestinian-born Jewish Kabbalist (b.
1534 )
August 20 –
Miguel López de Legazpi , Spanish conquistador (b.
1502 )
August 24
August 26 –
Pierre de la Ramée , French humanist scholar (b.
1515 )
August –
Claude Goudimel , French composer (b.
1510 )
September –
Denis Lambin , French classical scholar (b.
1520 )
September 19 –
Archduchess Barbara of Austria (b.
1539 )
September 24 –
Túpac Amaru , last of the Incas
September 30 –
Francis Borgia , Italian
Jesuit priest and saint (b.
1510 )
October 24 –
Edward Stanley, 3rd Earl of Derby , English politician (b.
1508 )
October 25 –
Cosimo Bartoli , Italian diplomat and writer (b.
1503 )
October 29 –
John Erskine, Earl of Mar , regent of Scotland
November 9 –
Al-Mutahhar , Imam of the Zaidi state of Yemen (b.
1503 )
November 12 –
Henry of Stolberg , German nobleman (b.
1509 )
November 23 –
Agnolo di Cosimo (Bronzino) , Italian artist and poet (b.
1503 )
November 24 –
John Knox , Scottish religious reformer (b.
1513 )
[374]
December 2 –
Ippolito II d'Este , Italian cardinal and statesman (b.
1509 )
December 12 –
Loredana Marcello , Venetian dogaressa and botanist
December 22 –
François Clouet , French miniaturist (b. c.
1510 )
December 23 –
Johann Sylvan , Reformed German theologian (executed; date of birth unknown)
[375]
date unknown
probable –
Christopher Tye , English composer and organist (b.
1505 )
1573
Juan Ginés de Sepúlveda
January 1
January 12 –
William Howard, 1st Baron Howard of Effingham , English Lord High Admiral (b.
1510 )
[377]
February 7 –
Hedwig Jagiellon, Electress of Brandenburg (b.
1513 )
March 2 –
Johann Wilhelm, Duke of Saxe-Weimar (b.
1530 )
March 3 –
Claude, Duke of Aumale , third son of
Claude, Duke of Guise (b.
1526 )
[378]
March 13 –
Michel de l'Hôpital , French statesman (b.
1505 )
[379]
March 17 –
Maria van Schooten , Dutch war heroine (b.
1555 )
[380]
April 2 –
Otto Truchsess von Waldburg , German Catholic cardinal (b.
1514 )
[381]
April 7 –
Andreas Masius , Flemish Catholic priest (b.
1514 )
[382]
April 29 –
Guillaume Le Testu , French privateer (b.
1509 )
[383]
May 13 –
Takeda Shingen , Japanese warlord (b.
1521 )
[384]
June 15 –
Antun Vrančić , Croatian archbishop (b.
1504 )
[385]
July –
Étienne Jodelle , French dramatist and poet (b.
1532 )
[386]
July 7 –
Giacomo Barozzi da Vignola , Italian architect (b.
1507 )
[387]
July 16 –
Wigbolt Ripperda , mayor of Haarlem, Netherlands
[388]
July 29
August 14 –
Saitō Tatsuoki , Japanese warlord (b.
1548 )
September 7 –
Joanna of Austria, Princess of Portugal (b.
1535 )
September 16 –
Asakura Yoshikage , Japanese warlord (b.
1533 )
[390]
September 23 –
Azai Hisamasa , Japanese warlord (b.
1526 )
[391]
September 26 –
Azai Nagamasa , Japanese warlord (b.
1545 )
[392]
October 27 –
Laurentius Petri , first Lutheran Archbishop of Sweden (b.
1499 )
[393]
November 9 –
Shimazu Katsuhisa , Japanese nobleman (b.
1503 )
November 17 –
Juan Ginés de Sepúlveda , Spanish philosopher and theologian (b.
1494 )
[394]
December 30 –
Giovanni Battista Giraldi , Italian novelist and poet (b.
1504 )
[395]
date unknown
February 3 –
Murakami Yoshikiyo , Japanese warlord (b.
1501 )
[397]
1574
Charles IX of France
Pedro Menendez de Aviles
Sultan Selim II
January 26 –
Martin Helwig , German cartographer of Silesia (b.
1516 )
[399]
January 30 –
Damião de Góis , Portuguese philosopher (b.
1502 )
[400]
March 4 –
Anna II, Princess-Abbess of Quedlinburg , German noblewoman, reigning from 1516 until her death (b.
1504 )
[401]
March 27 –
Takeda Nobutora , Japanese warlord (b.
1494 )
[402]
April 14 –
Louis of Nassau , Dutch general (b.
1538 )
[92]
April 17 –
Joachim Camerarius , German classical scholar (b.
1500 )
[403]
April 21 –
Cosimo I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (b.
1519 )
[404]
April 30 –
Joseph Boniface de La Molle , Provençale lover of
Marguerite de Valois (b.
1530 )
May 14 –
Guru Amar Das , third Sikh Guru (b.
1479 )
May 3 –
Giovanni Ricci , Italian Catholic cardinal (b.
1498 )
[405]
May 30 – King
Charles IX of France (b.
1550 )
[93]
June 12 –
Renée of France , French princess (b.
1510 )
[406]
June 14 –
John III the Terrible , Voivode of Moldavia (b.
1521 )
[407]
June 26 –
Gabriel, comte de Montgomery , captain of the Scottish Guard of
Henry II of France (b.
1530 )
[408]
June 27 –
Giorgio Vasari , Italian painter and architect (b.
1511 )
[409]
July 26 –
Birgitte Gøye , Danish county administrator, lady in waiting, landholder and educator (b.
1511 )
[410]
August 23 –
Ebussuud Efendi , Ottoman Grand Mufti (b.
1490 )
[411]
August 27 –
Bartolomeo Eustachi ,
Italian anatomist
September 1 –
Louis, Count of Stolberg , German noble (b.
1505 )
[412]
September 4 –
Charles de Mornay , Swedish (originally French) court official, diplomat and royal favorite (b.
1514 )
[413]
September 15 –
Margaret of France, Duchess of Berry (b.
1523 )
[414]
September 17 –
Pedro Menéndez de Avilés , Spanish admiral and explorer (b.
1519 )
[415]
September 26 –
Elisabeth of Anhalt-Zerbst , Abbess of Gernrode and Frose, Countess of Barby-Mühlingen (b.
1545 )
September 28 –
Guidobaldo II della Rovere, Duke of Urbino , Italian condottiero (b.
1514 )
[416]
October 1 –
Maarten van Heemskerck , Dutch painter (b.
1498 )
[417]
November 23 –
John III, Count of Nassau-Saarbrücken , German noble (b.
1511 )
[418]
November 28 –
Georg Major , German Protestant theologian (b.
1502 )
[419]
December 4 –
Georg Joachim Rheticus , German mathematician and cartographer (b.
1514 )
[420]
December 12 –
Selim II ,
Ottoman Sultan (b.
1524 )
[421]
December 25 –
Charles, Cardinal of Lorraine (b.
1524 )
[422]
date unknown
1575
Hernando de Aragón
Matthias Flacius
Reverend
Matthew Parker
Francisco de Ibarra
Gaspar Cervantes de Gaeta
January 4 –
Sidonie of Saxony , Duchess of Brunswick-Calenberg (b.
1518 )
January 14 –
Barbara Uthmann , German businessperson (b.
1514 )
January 22 –
James Hamilton, Duke of Châtellerault (b.
1516 )
January 29 –
Hernando de Aragón , Spanish
Roman Catholic archbishop (b.
1498 )
February 9 –
Karl Friedrich of Jülich-Cleves-Berg , heir apparent of Jülich-Cleves-Berg (b.
1555 )
February 20 –
Maria of Jever , last ruler of the Lordship of Jever (b.
1500 )
February 21 –
Claude of Valois , Duchess consort of Lorraine and French princess (b.
1547 )
March 11 –
Matthias Flacius , Croatian
Protestant reformer (b.
1520 )
March 15 –
Annibale Padovano ,
Italian composer and organist (b.
1527 )
March 17 –
Georg Cracow , German lawyer and politician (b.
1525 )
March 24 –
Yosef Karo , Spanish-born Jewish rabbi. Author of the book "
Shulchan Aruch " (b.
1488 )
May 17 –
Matthew Parker , English
Roman Catholic archbishop (b.
1504 )
May 28 –
Sophia Jagiellon, Duchess of Brunswick-Lüneburg (b.
1522 )
June 3 –
Francisco de Ibarra , Spanish explorer and colonial governor in Mexico (b. c.
1539 )
June 7 –
Sir George Heron , English politician
June 28 –
Yonekura Shigetsugu , Japanese samurai
June 29
July 14 –
Richard Taverner , English Bible translator (b.
1505 )
July 29 –
Jon Simonssøn , Norwegian humanist (b.
1512 )
August 2 –
Christopher II, Margrave of Baden-Rodemachern (b.
1537 )
September 17 –
Heinrich Bullinger , Swiss religious reformer (b.
1504 )
September 24 –
Anna of Oldenburg , Regent of East Frisia (b.
1501 )
October 17 –
Gaspar Cervantes de Gaeta , Spanish
Roman Catholic cardinal (b.
1511 )
October 20 –
Kaspar Eberhard , German theologian (b.
1523 )
October 24 –
Peder Oxe , Danish finance minister (b.
1520 )
November 2 –
Sabina of Brandenburg-Ansbach , German princess (b.
1529 )
December 1 –
Diego Andrada de Payva , Portuguese theologian (b.
1528 )
December 23 –
Akiyama Nobutomo , Japanese retainer (b.
1531 )
December 31 –
Pierino Belli , Italian soldier and jurist (b.
1502 )
date unknown
1576
Tahmasp I
Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor
January 19 –
Hans Sachs , German Meistersinger (b.
1494 )
January 27 –
Mizuno Nobumoto , Japanese shōgun
February 10 –
Wilhelm/Guilielmus Xylander , German classical scholar (b.
1532 )
February 12 –
John Albert I, Duke of Mecklenburg (b.
1525 )
March 5 –
Luis de Requesens y Zúñiga , Spanish governor of the Netherlands (b.
1528 )
March 18 –
Johann Stössel , German theologian (b.
1524 )
May 14 –
Tahmasp I , Shah of Persia (b.
1514 )
May 30 –
Harada Naomasa , Japanese samurai
June 30 –
Franciscus Sonnius , Dutch counter-Reformation theologian (b.
1506 )
July 2 –
Josias Simler , Swiss scholar (b.
1530 )
July 11 –
Eleonora di Garzia di Toledo , Italian noble (d.
1553 )
July 16 –
Isabella de' Medici , Italian noble (d.
1542 )
August 15 or
August 22 –
Bálint Bakfark , Hungarian composer and lutenist (b.
1507 )
August 27 –
Titian , Italian painter (b. c.
1489 )
[424]
September 21 –
Gerolamo Cardano , Italian mathematician, physician, astrologer and gambler (b.
1502 )
September 22 –
Walter Devereux, 1st Earl of Essex (b.
1541 )
[425]
October 12 –
Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor (b.
1527 )
October 14 –
Konrad Heresbach , German Calvinist (b.
1496 )
October 26 –
Frederick III, Elector Palatine , ruler from the house of Wittelsbach (b.
1515 )
November 4 –
John Paulet, 2nd Marquess of Winchester (b. c.
1510 )
November 9 –
Chamaraja Wodeyar IV , King of Mysore (b.
1507 )
date unknown
probable
1577
Eric XIV of Sweden
Saint
Cuthbert Mayne
January 23 –
Nicolas, Duke of Mercœur , Roman Catholic bishop (b.
1524 )
February –
Adam von Bodenstein , Swiss alchemist and physician (b.
1528 )
February 26 – King
Eric XIV of Sweden (b.
1533 )
[426]
March 23 –
Charles II, Margrave of Baden-Durlach (b.
1529 )
April 13 –
Konrad Hubert , German theologian and hymnwriter (b.
1507 )
May –
Richard Aertsz , Dutch painter (b.
1482 )
May 5 –
Viglius , Dutch statesman (b. 1507)
[427]
May 31 –
García Álvarez de Toledo, 4th Marquis of Villafranca , Spanish noble and admiral (b.
1514 )
June 4 –
Alvise I Mocenigo ,
Doge of Venice (b.
1507 )
June 7 –
Daniel, Count of Waldeck (b.
1530 )
June 12 –
Orazio Samacchini , Italian painter (b.
1532 )
July 23 –
Scipione Rebiba , Italian cardinal (b.
1504 )
July 26 –
Blaise de Lasseran-Massencôme, seigneur de Montluc , Marshal of France (b.
1502 )
August 12 –
Thomas Smith , English scholar and diplomat (b.
1513 )
September 7 –
Infanta Maria of Guimarães (b.
1538 )
September 27 –
Diego de Covarrubias y Leyva , Spanish jurist and archbishop of Cuenca (b.
1512 )
October 3 –
Henry IX, Count of Waldeck (b.
1531 )
October 7 –
George Gascoigne , English poet (b. c.
1525 )
October 10 –
Maria of Portugal, Duchess of Viseu (b.
1521 )
November 19 –
Matsunaga Hisahide , Japanese warlord (b.
1508 )
November 29 –
Cuthbert Mayne , English saint (b.
1543 )
December 4 –
Achilles Gasser , German physician and astrologer (b.
1505 )
December 18 –
Anna of Saxony , princess consort of Orange (b.
1544 )
1578
Giovanni Battista Moroni
Sebastian of Portugal
Archduke Wenceslaus of Austria
Ferdinand, Prince of Asturias
January 5 –
Giulio Clovio , Dalmatian painter (b.
1498 )
January 6 –
Queen Inseong , Korean royal consort (b.
1514 )
January 25 –
Mihrimah Sultan , Sultan Suleiman's daughter (b.
1522 )
February 5 or
1579 –
Giovanni Battista Moroni , Italian painter (b.
1510 )
February 12 –
Catherine of Austria, Queen of Portugal (b.
1507 )
March 3
March 7 –
Margaret Douglas , Countess of Lennox (b.
1515 )
March 29
April 2 –
Marie Elisabeth of France , French princess (b.
1572 )
April 11 –
Joanna of Austria, Grand Duchess of Tuscany , Austrian Archduchess (b.
1547 )
April 14 –
James Hepburn, 4th Earl of Bothwell , consort of
Mary, Queen of Scots (b.
1535 )
April 15 –
Wolrad II, Count of Waldeck-Eisenberg (b.
1509 )
April 19 –
Uesugi Kenshin , Japanese samurai and warlord (b.
1530 )
May 4 –
Martin Eisengrein , German theologian (b.
1535 )
June 16 –
Ioan Potcoavă , Russian Cossack ataman
July 2 –
Thomas Doughty , English explorer (executed)
July 5 –
Cristoforo Madruzzo , Italian Catholic cardinal (b.
1512 )
July 27 –
Jane Lumley , English translator (b.
1537 )
August 4
August 8 –
Amago Katsuhisa , Japanese nobleman (b.
1553 )
August 11 –
Pedro Nunes , Portuguese mathematician (b.
1502 )
August 16 –
Andrew Corbet , English landowner and politician (b.
1522 )
August 20 –
Yamanaka Yukimori , Japanese samurai (b.
1545 )
September –
Pierre Lescot , French architect (b.
1510 )
September 3 –
Giulio della Rovere , Italian Catholic cardinal (b.
1533 )
September 22 –
Archduke Wenceslaus of Austria (b.
1561 )
October 1 – Don
John of Austria , military leader (b.
1547 )
[165]
October 12 –
Cornelius Gemma , Dutch astronomer and astrologer (b.
1535 )
October 18 –
Ferdinand, Prince of Asturias , Spanish prince (b.
1571 )
December 3 –
Gonzalo II Fernández de Córdoba , Governor of the Duchy of Milan (b.
1520 )
December –
Nicholas Heath , Archbishop of York and
Lord Chancellor of England (b.
1501 )
date unknown –
Sabina, Duchess of Bavaria (b.
1528 )
1579
Sokollu Mehmed Pasha
February 5 –
Countess Palatine Helena of Simmern , Countess consort of Hanau-Münzenberg (1551-1561) (b.
1532 )
February 16 –
Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada , Spanish explorer (b.
1509 )
[428]
February 20 –
Nicholas Bacon , English politician (b.
1509 )
[429]
March 12 –
Alessandro Piccolomini , Italian humanist and philosopher from Siena (b.
1508 )
[430]
April 24 –
John Stuart, 4th Earl of Atholl
[431]
May 6 –
François de Montmorency , French nobleman (b.
1530 )
[432]
May 20 –
Isabella Markham , English courtier (b.
1527 )
[433]
June 17 –
Johannes Stadius , Flemish astronomer, astrologer, mathematician (b.
1527 )
[434]
June 25 –
Hatano Hideharu , Japanese samurai (b.
1541 )
July 3 –
Edward Fitton, the elder , Irish politician (b.
1527 )
[435]
August 5 –
Stanislaus Hosius , Polish Catholic cardinal (b.
1504 )
[436]
August 12 –
Domenico Bollani , Bishop of Milan (b.
1514 )
[437]
October 11 –
Sokollu Mehmed Pasha , Turkish Janissary and Grand Vizier (b.
1505 )
October 13 –
William Drury , English politician (b.
1527 )
[438]
October 21 –
Tanegashima Tokitaka , Japanese Daimyo (b.
1528 )
October 24 –
Albert V, Duke of Bavaria (b.
1528 )
[439]
November 9 –
Philip VI, Count of Waldeck (1567–1579) (b.
1551 )
[440]
November 15 –
Francis David , Hungarian religious reformer (b.
1510 )
[441]
November 21 –
Thomas Gresham , English merchant and financier (b.
1519 )
[442]
date unknown
probable –
Hans Staden , German adventurer (b.
1525 )
References
^
The Gentleman's Magazine . F. Jefferies. 1967. p. 174.
^ "Stewart, James, first earl of Moray (1531/2–1570)", by Mark Loughlin, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford University Press, 2004) accessed January 24, 2011
^
"GHEA - Global Historical Earthquake Archive" . www.emidius.eu . Retrieved 22 December 2023 .
^
"List of Mutual Planetary Occultations 2BC to 2250" . www.bogan.ca . Retrieved 22 December 2023 .
^ Finkel, Caroline (2006). Osman's Dream: The Story of the Ottoman Empire 1300–1923 . London: John Murray. p. 160.
^
"Clan Campbell" . The University of Edinburgh . 25 July 2023. Retrieved 22 December 2023 .
^ Sidney Z. Ehler, Church and State Through the Centuries , (Biblo-Moser, 1988) p.180
^ Marijke Donkersloot-de Vrij; Y. Marijke Donkersloot-De Vrij (1967).
The World on Paper: A Descriptive Catalogue of Cartographical Material Published in Amsterdam During the Seventeenth Century . Theatrum Orbis Terrarum. p. 27.
^ Lorelei D. C. De Viana (2001).
Three Centuries of Binondo Architecture, 1594-1898: A Socio-historical Perspective . University of Santo Tomas Publishing House. p. 6.
ISBN
978-971-506-169-8 .
^ Madariaga, Isabel de (25 September 2006).
Ivan the Terrible . Yale University Press. p. 254.
ISBN
978-0-300-11973-2 . Retrieved 22 December 2023 .
^
a
b
c Turnbull, Stephen (2003). The Ottoman Empire 1326–1699 (Essential Histories Series #62) .
Osprey Publishing . pp. 57–58.
^ Smolarski, Dennis Chester (2003).
The General Instruction of the Roman Missal, 1969-2002: A Commentary . Liturgical Press. p. 6.
ISBN
978-0-8146-2936-9 . Retrieved 22 December 2023 .
^ Glenn, Chris (5 January 2023).
The Samurai Castle Master: Warlord Todo Takatora . Frontline Books. pp. 9–11.
ISBN
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