From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Events on calendar date 13 December
Day of the year
December 13 is the 347th day of the year (348th in
leap years ) in the
Gregorian calendar ; 18 days remain until the end of the year.
Events
Pre-1600
1601–1900
1901–present
1937 –
Second Sino-Japanese War :
Battle of Nanking : The city of
Nanjing , defended by the
National Revolutionary Army under the command of General
Tang Shengzhi , falls to the
Japanese . This is followed by the
Nanking Massacre , in which Japanese troops rape and slaughter hundreds of thousands of civilians.
1938 –
The Holocaust : The
Neuengamme concentration camp opens in the
Bergedorf district of
Hamburg , Germany.
1939 – The
Battle of the River Plate is fought off the coast of Uruguay; the first naval battle of
World War II . The
Kriegsmarine 's
Deutschland-class cruiser (pocket battleship)
Admiral Graf Spee engages with three
Royal Navy cruisers:
HMS Ajax ,
HMNZS Achilles and
HMS Exeter .
[13]
[14]
1943 – World War II: The
Massacre of Kalavryta by German occupying forces in Greece.
1949 – The
Knesset votes to move the capital of
Israel from
Tel Aviv to
Jerusalem .
1957 – The Mw 6.5
Farsinaj earthquake strikes Iran with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VII, causing at least 1,119 deaths and damaging over 5,000 homes.
[15]
1959 –
Archbishop
Makarios III becomes the first
President of Cyprus .
1960 – While
Emperor
Haile Selassie of
Ethiopia visits Brazil, his
Imperial Bodyguard
seizes the capital and proclaims him deposed and his son, Crown Prince
Asfa Wossen , Emperor.
1962 –
NASA launches
Relay 1 , the first active repeater communications
satellite in orbit.
1967 –
Constantine II of Greece attempts an unsuccessful
counter-coup against the
Regime of the Colonels .
1968 – Brazilian President
Artur da Costa e Silva issues
AI-5 (Institutional Act No. 5), enabling government by decree and suspending
habeas corpus .
1972 –
Apollo program :
Eugene Cernan and
Harrison Schmitt begin the third and final
extra-vehicular activity (EVA) or "Moonwalk" of
Apollo 17 . To date they are the last humans to set foot on the Moon.
1974 –
Malta becomes a republic within the
Commonwealth of Nations .
1974 – In the
Vietnam War , the
North Vietnamese forces launch their
1975 Spring Offensive (to 30 April 1975), which results in the final capitulation of
South Vietnam .
[16]
1977 –
Air Indiana Flight 216 crashes near
Evansville Regional Airport , killing 29, including the
University of Evansville basketball team , support staff, and boosters of the team.
1981 – General
Wojciech Jaruzelski declares
martial law in Poland, largely due to the actions by
Solidarity .
1982 – The 6.0 Ms
North Yemen earthquake shakes southwestern
Yemen with a maximum
Mercalli intensity of VIII (Severe ), killing 2,800, and injuring 1,500.
1988 –
PLO Chairman
Yasser Arafat gives a speech at a
UN General Assembly meeting in
Geneva , Switzerland, after United States authorities refused to grant him a
visa to visit UN headquarters in New York.
1989 –
The Troubles :
Attack on Derryard checkpoint : The
Provisional Irish Republican Army launches an attack on a
British Army temporary vehicle checkpoint near
Rosslea, Northern Ireland . Two British soldiers are killed and two others are wounded.
1994 –
Flagship Airlines Flight 3379 crashes in
Morrisville, North Carolina , near
Raleigh–Durham International Airport , killing 15.
[17]
1995 –
Banat Air Flight 166 crashes in
Sommacampagna near
Verona Villafranca Airport in
Verona ,
Italy , killing 49.
[18]
2001 –
Sansad Bhavan , the building housing the
Indian Parliament ,
is attacked by terrorists . Twelve people are killed, including the terrorists.
2002 –
European Union enlargement : The EU announces that
Cyprus ,
Czechia ,
Estonia ,
Hungary ,
Latvia ,
Lithuania ,
Malta ,
Poland ,
Slovakia , and
Slovenia will become members on May 1, 2004.
2003 –
Iraq War :
Operation Red Dawn : Former Iraqi President
Saddam Hussein is captured near his home town of
Tikrit .
2007 – The
Treaty of Lisbon is signed by the
EU member states to amend both the
Treaty of Rome and the
Maastricht Treaty which together form the constitutional basis of the EU. The Treaty of Lisbon is effective from 1 December 2009.
[19]
Births
Pre-1600
1601–1900
1640 –
Robert Plot , English chemist and academic (d. 1696)
1662 –
Francesco Bianchini , Italian astronomer and philosopher (d. 1729)
1678 –
Yongzheng Emperor of China (d. 1735)
1720 –
Carlo Gozzi , Italian playwright (d. 1804)
1724 –
Franz Aepinus , German astronomer and philosopher (d. 1802)
1769 –
James Scarlett Abinger , English judge (d. 1844)
1780 –
Johann Wolfgang Döbereiner , German chemist, invented the
Döbereiner's lamp (d. 1849)
1784 –
Archduke Louis of Austria (d. 1864)
1797 –
Heinrich Heine , German journalist, poet, and critic (d. 1856)
1804 –
Joseph Howe , Canadian journalist and politician, 5th
Premier of Nova Scotia (d. 1873)
1814 –
Ana Néri , Brazilian nurse and philanthropist (d. 1880)
[26]
1816 –
Werner von Siemens , German engineer and businessman, founded
Siemens (d. 1892)
1818 –
Mary Todd Lincoln , 16th
First Lady of the United States (d. 1882)
1830 –
Mathilde Fibiger , Danish feminist, novelist and telegraphist (d. 1892)
1836 –
Franz von Lenbach , German painter and academic (d. 1904)
1854 –
Herman Bavinck , Dutch philosopher, theologian, and academic (d. 1921)
1856 –
Svetozar Boroević , Croatian-Austrian field marshal (d. 1920)
1860 –
Lucien Guitry , French actor (d. 1925)
1864 –
Emil Seidel , American woodcarver and politician, 36th
Mayor of Milwaukee (d. 1947)
1867 –
Kristian Birkeland , Norwegian physicist and author (d. 1917)
1870 –
Edward LeSaint , American actor and director (d. 1940)
1871 –
Emily Carr , Canadian painter and author (d. 1945)
1874 –
Josef Lhévinne , Russian pianist and educator (d. 1944)
1882 –
Jane Edna Hunter , African-American social worker (d. 1971)
[27]
1883 –
Belle da Costa Greene , American librarian and bibliographer (d. 1950)
[28]
1884 –
Aimilios Veakis , Greek actor, director, and playwright (d. 1951)
1885 –
Annie Dale Biddle Andrews , American mathematician (d. 1940)
1887 –
George Pólya , Hungarian-American mathematician and academic (d. 1985)
1887 –
Alvin C. York , American colonel,
Medal of Honor recipient (d. 1964)
1895 –
Lucía Sánchez Saornil , Spanish anarchist feminist (d. 1970)
[29]
1897 –
Albert Aalbers , Dutch architect, designed the
Savoy Homann Bidakara Hotel (d. 1961)
1897 –
Drew Pearson , American journalist and author (d. 1969)
1900 –
Jonel Perlea , Romanian-American conductor and educator (d. 1970)
1901–present
1901 –
Olev Roomet , Estonian singer, violinist, and
bagpipe player (d. 1987)
1902 –
Panagiotis Kanellopoulos , Greek philosopher and politician, 138th
Prime Minister of Greece (d. 1986)
1902 –
Talcott Parsons , American sociologist and academic (d. 1979)
1903 –
Ella Baker , American activist (d. 1986)
1903 –
Carlos Montoya , Spanish guitarist and composer (d. 1993)
1905 –
Ann Barzel , American writer and dance critic (d. 2007)
[30]
1906 –
Princess Marina of Greece and Denmark (d. 1968)
1906 –
Laurens van der Post , South African-English soldier and author (d. 1996)
1908 –
Elizabeth Alexander , English geologist, academic, and physicist (d. 1958)
1908 –
Plinio Corrêa de Oliveira , Brazilian historian and activist (d. 1995)
1908 –
Van Heflin , American film actor (d. 1971)
1911 –
Trygve Haavelmo , Norwegian economist and mathematician,
Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1999)
1911 –
Kenneth Patchen , American poet and painter (d. 1972)
1912 –
Luiz Gonzaga , Brazilian singer-songwriter and accordion player (d. 1989)
1913 –
Archie Moore , American boxer and actor (d. 1998)
[31]
1914 –
Alan Bullock , English historian and author (d. 2004)
1914 –
Larry Noble , English comedian and actor (d. 1993)
1915 –
B. J. Vorster , South African lawyer and politician, 4th
State President of South Africa (d. 1983)
[32]
1916 –
Leonard Weisgard , American author and illustrator (d. 2000)
1919 –
Hans-Joachim Marseille , German captain and pilot (d. 1942)
1920 –
George P. Shultz , American economist and politician, 60th
United States Secretary of State (d. 2021)
[33]
[34]
1921 –
Turgut Demirağ , Turkish film producer, director and screenwriter (d. 1987)
1923 –
Philip Warren Anderson , American physicist and academic,
Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2020)
1923 –
Larry Doby , American baseball player (d. 2003)
[35]
1925 –
Dick Van Dyke , American actor, singer, and dancer
[36]
1927 –
James Wright , American poet and academic (d. 1980)
1928 –
Solomon Feferman , American philosopher and mathematician (d. 2016)
[37]
1929 –
Christopher Plummer , Canadian actor and producer (d. 2021)
[38]
[39]
1933 –
Paul Bracq , French automotive designer
[40]
1934 –
Richard D. Zanuck , American film producer (d. 2012)
1935 –
Türkan Saylan , Turkish physician and academic (d. 2009)
[41]
1936 –
Prince Karim al-Husayn Shāh, Aga Khan IV , Swiss humanitarian and religious leader
[42]
1938 –
Gus Johnson , American basketball player (d. 1987)
[43]
1940 –
Sanjaya Lall , Indian economist and academic (d. 2005)
[44]
1942 –
Howard Brenton , English playwright and screenwriter
[45]
1942 –
Ferguson Jenkins , Canadian baseball player
[46]
1945 –
Herman Cain , American businessman, politician, and activist (d. 2020)
[47]
1948 –
Jeff Baxter , American guitarist, songwriter, and producer
[48]
1948 –
Lillian Board , British athlete (d. 1970)
[49]
1948 –
Ted Nugent , American musician
[50]
1950 –
Wendie Malick , American actress
[51]
1952 –
Muhsin Kenon , American basketball player
[52]
1953 –
Ben Bernanke , American economist
[53]
1953 –
Bob Gainey , Canadian ice hockey player
[54]
1956 –
Phil Hubbard , American basketball player and coach
[55]
1957 –
Steve Buscemi , American actor and director
[56]
1957 –
Morris Day , American musician and actor
[57]
1959 –
Johnny Whitaker , American actor
[58]
1960 –
Richard Dent , American football player
[59]
1961 –
Gary Zimmerman , American football player
[60]
1962 –
Rex Ryan , American football coach and analyst
[61]
1964 –
Krišjānis Kariņš , American-Latvian politician, 23rd
Prime Minister of Latvia
[62]
1967 –
Jamie Foxx , American actor, singer, songwriter, producer, and comedian
[63]
1969 –
Sergei Fedorov , Russian ice hockey player and coach
[64]
1971 –
Scott Sattler , Australian rugby league player
[65]
1972 –
Matti Kärki , Swedish heavy metal singer
[66]
1975 –
Tom DeLonge , American singer-songwriter, guitarist, author, and filmmaker
[67]
1975 –
James Kyson , American actor
[58]
1975 –
Matthew LeCroy , American baseball player and manager
[68]
1978 –
Cameron Douglas , American actor
[69]
1981 –
Amy Lee , American singer, songwriter and pianist
[70]
1982 –
Dan Hamhuis , Canadian ice hockey player
[71]
1982 –
Ricky Nolasco , American baseball player
[72]
1983 –
Laura Hodges , Australian basketball player
[73]
1984 –
Santi Cazorla , Spanish footballer
[74]
1984 –
Hanna-Maria Seppälä , Finnish
freestyle swimmer
[75]
1988 –
Rickie Fowler , American golfer
[76]
1989 –
Hellen Obiri , Kenyan runner
[77]
1989 –
Katherine Schwarzenegger , American author
[78]
1989 –
Taylor Swift , American singer-songwriter
[79]
1990 –
Fletcher Cox , American football player
[80]
1990 –
Joseph Garrett , English YouTuber, actor, and author
[81]
[82]
1990 –
Arantxa Rus , Dutch tennis player
[83]
1991 –
Dave Leduc , Canadian martial artist
[84]
1991 –
Vladimir Tarasenko , Russian ice hockey player
[85]
1993 –
Danielle Collins , American tennis player
[86]
1993 –
Jamal Fogarty , Australian rugby league player
[87]
1995 –
Emma Corrin , English actor
[88]
1996 –
Gleyber Torres , Venezuelan baseball player
[89]
1999 –
Marina Bassols Ribera , Spanish tennis player
[90]
2000 –
Simona Waltert , Swiss tennis player
[91]
[92]
2001 –
Jayden Goodwin , Australian cricketer
[93]
Deaths
Pre-1600
558 –
Childebert I , Frankish king (b. 496)
769 –
Du Hongjian , Chinese politician (b. 709)
838 –
Pepin I of Aquitaine (b. 797)
859 –
Angilbert II , archbishop of
Milan
1124 –
Pope Callixtus II (b. 1065)
1126 –
Henry IX, Duke of Bavaria (b. 1075)
1204 –
Maimonides , Spanish rabbi and philosopher (b. 1135)
1250 –
Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1194)
[94]
1272 –
Bertold of Regensburg , German preacher
1404 –
Albert I, Duke of Bavaria (b. 1336)
1466 –
Donatello , Italian painter and sculptor (b. 1386)
1516 –
Johannes Trithemius , German cryptographer and historian (b. 1462)
1521 –
Manuel I of Portugal (b. 1469)
1557 –
Niccolò Fontana Tartaglia , Italian mathematician and engineer (b. 1499)
1565 –
Conrad Gessner , Swiss botanist and physician (b. 1516)
1601–1900
1621 –
Katarina Stenbock , queen of
Gustav I of Sweden (b. 1535)
1671 –
Antonio Grassi , Italian
Roman Catholic priest(b. 1592)
1716 –
Charles de La Fosse , French painter (b. 1640)
1721 –
Alexander Selkirk , Scottish sailor (b. 1676)
1729 –
Anthony Collins , English philosopher and author (b. 1676)
1754 –
Mahmud I , Ottoman sultan (b. 1696)
1758 –
Noël Doiron , Canadian
Acadia leader (b. 1684)
1769 –
Christian Fürchtegott Gellert , German poet and hymn-writer (b. 1715)
1783 –
Pehr Wilhelm Wargentin , Swedish astronomer and demographer (b. 1717)
1784 –
Samuel Johnson , English poet and lexicographer (b. 1709)
1814 –
Charles-Joseph, 7th Prince of Ligne , Belgian-Austrian field marshal (b. 1735)
1849 –
Johann Centurius Hoffmannsegg , German botanist and entomologist (b. 1766)
1862 –
Thomas Reade Rootes Cobb , American general, lawyer, and politician (b. 1823)
1863 –
Christian Friedrich Hebbel , German poet and playwright (b. 1813)
1868 –
Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius , German botanist and explorer (b. 1794)
1881 –
August Šenoa , Croatian author and poet (b. 1838)
1883 –
Victor de Laprade , French poet and critic (b. 1812)
1893 –
Georg August Rudolph , German lawyer and politician, 3rd
Mayor of Marburg (b. 1816)
1895 –
Ányos Jedlik , Hungarian physicist and engineer (b. 1800)
1901–present
1908 –
Augustus Le Plongeon , French photographer and historian (b. 1825)
1911 –
Reggie Duff , Australian cricketer (b. 1878)
[95]
1919 –
Woldemar Voigt , German physicist and academic (b. 1850)
1922 –
Arthur Wesley Dow , American painter and photographer (b. 1857)
1922 –
Hannes Hafstein , Icelandic poet and politician, 1st
Prime Minister of Iceland (b. 1861)
1924 –
Samuel Gompers , English-born American labor leader, founded the
American Federation of Labor (b. 1850)
1927 –
Mehmet Nadir , Turkish mathematician and academic (b. 1856)
1929 –
Rosina Heikel , Finnish
physician (b. 1842)
[96]
1930 –
Fritz Pregl , Slovenian-Austrian chemist and physician,
Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1869)
1931 –
Gustave Le Bon , French psychologist, sociologist, and anthropologist (b. 1840)
1932 –
Georgios Jakobides , Greek painter and sculptor (b. 1853)
1935 –
Victor Grignard , French chemist and academic,
Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1871)
1942 –
Wlodimir Ledóchowski , Austrian-Polish religious leader, 26th
Superior-General of the Society of Jesus (b. 1866)
1942 –
Robert Robinson Taylor , American architect (b. 1868)
1944 –
Wassily Kandinsky , Russian-French painter and theorist (b. 1866)
1945 –
Irma Grese , German
concentration camp guard (b. 1923)
1945 –
Josef Kramer , German
concentration camp commandant (b. 1906)
1945 –
Elisabeth Volkenrath , Polish-German
concentration camp supervisor (b. 1919)
1947 –
Henry James , American lawyer and author (b. 1879)
1947 –
Nicholas Roerich , Russian archaeologist, painter, and philosopher (b. 1874)
1950 –
Abraham Wald , Hungarian mathematician and academic (b. 1902)
1954 –
John Raymond Hubbell , American director and composer (b. 1879)
1955 –
Egas Moniz , Portuguese psychiatrist and neurosurgeon,
Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1874)
1960 –
Dora Marsden , English author and activist (b. 1882)
[97]
1961 –
Grandma Moses , American painter (b. 1860)
1962 –
Harry Barris , American singer-songwriter and pianist (b. 1905)
1969 –
Raymond A. Spruance , American admiral and diplomat,
United States Ambassador to the Philippines (b. 1886)
1973 –
Henry Green , English author (b. 1905)
1974 –
Yakup Kadri Karaosmanoglu , Egyptian-Turkish journalist, author, and politician (b. 1889)
1975 –
Cyril Delevanti , English-American actor (b. 1889)
1975 –
Addie Viola Smith , American lawyer and trade commissioner (b. 1893)
[98]
1977 –
Oguz Atay , Turkish engineer and author (b. 1934)
1979 –
Jon Hall , American actor and director (b. 1915)
1979 –
Behçet Necatigil , Turkish author, poet and translator (b. 1916)
1983 –
Alexander Schmemann , Estonian-American priest and theologian (b. 1921)
1983 –
Nichita Stănescu , Romanian poet and critic (b. 1933)
1986 –
Heather Angel , British-American actress (b. 1909)
1986 –
Ella Baker , American activist (b. 1903)
1986 –
Smita Patil , Indian actress and journalist (b. 1955)
1992 –
K. C. Irving , Canadian businessman (b. 1899)
1992 –
Cornelius Vanderbilt Whitney , American businessman and philanthropist (b. 1899)
1993 –
Vanessa Duriès , French author (b. 1972)
1995 –
Ann Nolan Clark , American author and educator (b. 1896)
1996 –
Edward Blishen , English author and educator (b. 1920)
1997 –
Don E. Fehrenbacher , American historian, author, and academic (b. 1920)
1998 –
Lew Grade , Ukrainian-born British impresario and media proprietor (b. 1906)
1998 –
Richard Thomas , Royal Naval Officer (b. 1922)
1998 –
Wade Watts , civil rights activist (b. 1919)
2002 –
Zal Yanovsky , Canadian singer-songwriter and guitarist who founded
The Lovin' Spoonful (b. 1944)
[99]
2004 –
David Wheeler , English computer scientist and academic (b. 1927)
[100]
2005 –
Alan Shields , American painter and ferryboat captain (b. 1944)
[101]
2006 –
Lamar Hunt , American businessman, co-founded the
American Football League and
World Championship Tennis (b. 1932)
[102]
2016 –
Alan Thicke , Canadian actor, songwriter, game and talk-show host (b. 1947)
[103]
2018 –
Noah Klieger ,
Holocaust survivor who became an award-winning Israeli
journalist (b. 1926)
[104]
2022 –
Stephen "tWitch" Boss , American dancer and media personality (b. 1982)
[105]
Holidays and observances
13 December is the feast day of
St Lucy
References
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External links