Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Interleukin 20
receptor , alpha subunit , is a
subunit of the
interleukin-20 receptor , the
interleukin-26 receptor, and the
interleukin-24 receptor.
[5] The interleukin 20 receptor, alpha subunit is also referred to as IL20R1
[6] or IL20RA.
[7] The IL20RA receptor is involved in both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses, signaling through the
JAK-STAT pathway .
[5]
IL20RA is found in the skin,
lungs ,
ovaries ,
testes and
placenta , with low
gene expression in the
intestine and
liver .
[7] IL20RB is found in many organ resident
effector cells such as
keratinocytes at the skin epidermis,
osteoclasts , found in bones, and
epithelial cells of the intestine and
trachea . IL20RA is also found in some
immune cells.
[8]
Structure and function
IL20RA is an alpha-chain with a long intracellular domain. IL20RA, along with the IL-20 receptor, beta subunit, form the
heterodimeric interleukin-20 receptor, which binds the cytokines IL-19, IL-20 and IL-24. IL20RA also forms a complex with the IL-10 receptor, beta subunit, which binds the cytokine IL-26.
[5]
Signaling
Receptors made up of IL20RA signal through a
JAK-STAT signaling pathway .
[5] In this pathway, after a cytokine binds IL20RA and the beta subunit, JAKs linked to
intracellular
domains of IL20R activate and
phosphorylate tyrosine residues found in the longer alpha chains of IL20RA. STAT then binds to docking sites created by JAK phosphorylation and becomes phosphorylated by JAK. STATs then dimerize and move to the nucleus to act as transcription factors. The specific genes expressed are dependent on the specific JAK, STAT, as well as by
SOCS proteins , which can inhibit the JAK-STAT signal, regulating it.where the transcription factor STAT3 binds to IL20RA and STAT3 becomes activated.[1] IL20RA has multiple docking sites for STAT3.
[5]
[9]
Link to Immune System and Disease
Research indicates that IL20RA is found in some immune cells. For example, IL20RA is sometimes found in lung
macrophages . Research indicates that IL20RA presence may be related to disease. In people with
rheumatoid arthiritis , IL20RA is present in blood
monocytes .
[8]
IL20RA has also been linked with
psoriasis , and
atherosclerosis , all diseases associated with inflammation. The specific role of IL20RA in these diseases is unknown.
[7]
References
^
a
b
c
GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000016402 –
Ensembl , May 2017
^
a
b
c
GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000020007 –
Ensembl , May 2017
^
"Human PubMed Reference:" . National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine .
^
"Mouse PubMed Reference:" . National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine .
^
a
b
c
d
e Wegenka, Ursula Maria (2010-10-01).
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^ Wirtz, Mary K.; Keller, Kate E. (2016).
"The Role of the IL-20 Subfamily in Glaucoma" . Mediators of Inflammation . 2016 : 1–8.
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^
a
b
c Rutz, Sascha; Wang, Xiaoting; Ouyang, Wenjun (December 2014).
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^
a
b Kragstrup, Tue W.; Andersen, Thomas; Heftdal, Line D.; Hvid, Malene; Gerwien, Jens; Sivakumar, Pallavur; Taylor, Peter C.; Senolt, Ladislav; Deleuran, Bent (2018-09-25).
"The IL-20 Cytokine Family in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Spondyloarthritis" . Frontiers in Immunology . 9 : 2226.
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^ Blumberg, Hal; Conklin, Darrell; Xu, WenFeng; Grossmann, Angelika; Brender, Ty; Carollo, Susan; Eagan, Maribeth; Foster, Don; Haldeman, Betty A; Hammond, Angie; Haugen, Harald; Jelinek, Laura; Kelly, James D; Madden, Karen; Maurer, Mark F (2001-01-12).
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"Interleukin (IL)-22, a novel human cytokine that signals through the interferon receptor-related proteins CRF2-4 and IL-22R" . J. Biol. Chem . 275 (40): 31335–31339.
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Blumberg H, Conklin D, Xu WF, et al. (2001).
"Interleukin 20: discovery, receptor identification, and role in epidermal function" . Cell . 104 (1): 9–19.
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"Interleukins 19, 20, and 24 signal through two distinct receptor complexes. Differences in receptor-ligand interactions mediate unique biological functions" . J. Biol. Chem . 277 (49): 47517–47523.
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"Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences" . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A . 99 (26): 16899–16903.
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