PTC alkylation of
piperazine (1) with 2 equivalents of piperonyl chloride [25054-53-9] (2) in the presence of
cetrimonium bromide gives 1,4-bis-piperonylpiperazine [55436-41-4] (3). Base catalyzed treatment with
4-Chlorophenoxyacetic acid (4) displaces one of the piperonyl groups to give fipexide (5).
^Missale C, Pasinetti G, Govoni S, Spano PF, Trabucchi M (February 1983). "[Fipexide: a new drug for the regulation of dopaminergic system at the macromolecular level]". Bollettino Chimico Farmaceutico (in Italian). 122 (2): 79–85.
PMID6871040.
^Bompani R, Scali G (1986). "Fipexide, an effective cognition activator in the elderly: a placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial". Current Medical Research and Opinion. 10 (2): 99–106.
doi:
10.1185/03007998609110426.
PMID3519097.
^Guy C, Blay N, Rousset H, Fardeau V, Ollagnier M (1990). "[Fever caused by fipexide. Evaluation of the national pharmacovigilance survey]". Therapie (in French). 45 (5): 429–31.
PMID2260037.
^Gardini, G. P.; Palla, G.; Scapini, G.; Cesaroni, M. R. (2006). "Convenient Synthesis of N-Benzyl-N′-acyl-piperazines". Synthetic Communications. 12 (11): 887–890. ISSN 0039-7911. doi:10.1080/00397918208065967.