Chemical compound
Iohexol
Trade names Omnipaque, Hexopaque, Oraltag, others Other names 5-[N-(2,3-Dihydroxypropyl)acetamido]-2,4,6-triiodo-N,N'-bis(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)isophthalamide
AHFS /
Drugs.com
Micromedex Detailed Consumer Information
License data
Routes of administration
Intrathecal ,
intravascular ,
by mouth , intracavital,
rectal
ATC code
Legal status
Protein binding Low
Metabolism Nil
Elimination half-life Variable
Excretion
Kidney , unchanged
1-N ,3-N -Bis(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)-5-[N -(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)acetamido]-2,4,6-triiodobenzene-1,3-dicarboxamide
CAS Number
PubChem
CID
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
ChEMBL
CompTox Dashboard (
EPA )
ECHA InfoCard
100.060.130
Formula C 19 H 26 I 3 N 3 O 9
Molar mass 821.142 g·mol−1 3D model (
JSmol )
Melting point 174 to 180 °C (345 to 356 °F)
O=C(N(c1c(I)c(c(I)c(c1I)C(=O)NCC(O)CO)C(=O)NCC(O)CO)CC(O)CO)C
InChI=1S/C19H26I3N3O9/c1-8(29)25(4-11(32)7-28)17-15(21)12(18(33)23-2-9(30)5-26)14(20)13(16(17)22)19(34)24-3-10(31)6-27/h9-11,26-28,30-32H,2-7H2,1H3,(H,23,33)(H,24,34)
Y Key:NTHXOOBQLCIOLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Y
N Y
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(verify)
Iohexol , sold under the trade name Omnipaque among others, is a
contrast agent used for
X-ray imaging .
[4] This includes when visualizing
arteries ,
veins ,
ventricles of the brain , the
urinary system , and
joints , as well as during
computed tomography (CT scan).
[4] It is given by mouth,
injection into a vein , or into a body cavity.
[5]
Side effects include
vomiting ,
skin flushing , headache, itchiness,
kidney problems , and
low blood pressure .
[4] Less commonly
allergic reactions or
seizures may occur.
[4] Allergies to
povidone-iodine or
shellfish do not affect the risk of side effects more than other allergies.
[6] Use in the later part of
pregnancy may cause
hypothyroidism in the baby.
[7] Iohexol is an
iodinated non-ionic radiocontrast agent .
[4] It is in the low
osmolar family.
[8]
Iohexol was approved for medical use in 1985.
[9] It is on the
World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines .
[10]
[5]
Chemistry
The
osmolality of iohexol ranges from 322
mOsm /kg—approximately 1.1 times that of
blood plasma —to 844 mOsm/kg, almost three times that of blood.
[11] Despite this difference, iohexol is still considered a low-osmolality contrast agent; the osmolality of older agents, such as
diatrizoate , may be more than twice as high.
[12]
Adverse effects
The most common side effects after intravenous injections are: pain at the site of injection (3%), blurring of vision (2%), nausea (2%), arrhythmia (2%), taste perversion (1%), hypotension (0.7%), and vomiting (0.7%).
[13]
Society and culture
Naming
It is sold under the brand names Omnipaque.
[14] It is also sold as a density gradient medium under the names Accudenz, Histodenz, and Nycodenz.
[15]
[16]
Available forms
It is available in various concentrations, from 140
[13] to 350
[17]
milligrams of
iodine per
milliliter .
[13] Iohexol can given as intrathecal, intravascular, oral, rectal, intraarticular, or into the body cavity.
[13]
References
^
"FDA-sourced list of all drugs with black box warnings (Use Download Full Results and View Query links.)" . nctr-crs.fda.gov .
FDA . Retrieved 22 October 2023 .
^
"Product monograph brand safety updates" . Health Canada . February 2024. Retrieved 24 March 2024 .
^
"Regulatory Decision Summary for Omnipaque" . Drug and Health Products Portal . 29 December 2023. Retrieved 2 April 2024 .
^
a
b
c
d
e
World Health Organization (2009). Stuart MC, Kouimtzi M, Hill SR (eds.). WHO Model Formulary 2008 . World Health Organization. pp. 317–8.
hdl :
10665/44053 .
ISBN
9789241547659 .
^
a
b Hamilton R (2015). Tarascon Pocket Pharmacopoeia 2015 Deluxe Lab-Coat Edition . Jones & Bartlett Learning. p. 171.
ISBN
9781284057560 .
^
ACR Manual on Contrast Media v10.3. 2017 (PDF) . American College of Radiology. 2017. p. 6.
ISBN
9781559030120 .
Archived (PDF) from the original on 1 January 2018. Retrieved 1 January 2018 .
^ Briggs GG, Freeman RK, Yaffe SJ (2011).
Drugs in Pregnancy and Lactation: A Reference Guide to Fetal and Neonatal Risk . Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 761.
ISBN
9781608317080 .
Archived from the original on 1 January 2017.
^ Sutton D, Young JW (2012).
A Short Textbook of Clinical Imaging . Springer Science & Business Media. p. 235.
ISBN
9781447117551 .
Archived from the original on 1 January 2017.
^ Broe ME, Porter GA, Bennett WM, Verpooten GA (2013).
Clinical Nephrotoxins: Renal Injury from Drugs and Chemicals . Springer Science & Business Media. p. 325.
ISBN
9789401590884 .
Archived from the original on 1 January 2017.
^
World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019 . Geneva: World Health Organization.
hdl :
10665/325771 . WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
^
GE Healthcare (May 2006).
"Omnipaque (Iohexol) injection. Product label" . DailyMed . U.S.
National Library of Medicine . Retrieved 28 March 2007 .
^ Amersham Health (April 2006).
"Hypaque (Diatrizoate Meglumine and Diatrizoate Sodium) injection, solution. Product label" . DailyMed . U.S.
National Library of Medicine .
Archived from the original on 23 May 2011. Retrieved 29 March 2007 .
^
a
b
c
d
"Highlights of prescribing information for Omnipaque" (PDF) . US Food and Drug Administration. Archived from
the original (PDF) on 11 July 2022. Retrieved 13 December 2022 .
^
"Omnipaque" (PDF) . Ireland: Health Products Regulatory Authority. January 2018. Retrieved 31 July 2020 .
^
"HistoDenz" (PDF) . Product information sheet . Sigma-Aldrich. D2158. Archived from
the original (PDF) on 20 November 2015. Retrieved 19 November 2015 .
^
"Nycodenz®: A universal density gradient medium" (PDF) . Axis-Shield Density Gradient Media. Archived from
the original (PDF) on 26 February 2015. Retrieved 19 November 2015 .
^ Haberfeld H, ed. (2020). Austria-Codex (in German). Vienna: Österreichischer Apothekerverlag. Omnipaque 350 mg J/ml Infusionsflasche.