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Lithium phosphide
Names
Other names
Trilithium phosphide
Identifiers
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard
100.031.824
EC Number
InChI=1S/3Li.H2P/h;;;1H2/q3*+1;-1
Key: IEAMEDSGNMSUND-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Properties
Li 3 P
Molar mass
51.79 g·mol−1
Appearance
Red-brown crystals
Density
1.43 g/cm3
Reacts
Structure
cubic
Related compounds
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their
standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Chemical compound
Lithium phosphide is an
inorganic compound of
lithium and
phosphorus with the
chemical formula Li3 P . This dark colored compound is formally the lithium
salt of
phosphine , consisting of lithium
cations Li+ and
phosphide
anions P3− . It is hazardous to handle because of its high reactivity toward air.
[1]
Synthesis
Heating
red phosphorus and lithium in an
argon atmosphere:
[1]
12 Li + P4 → 4 Li3 P
Reaction of monolithium phosphide and lithium:
LiP + 2 Li → Li3 P
Physical and chemical properties
Lithium phosphide forms red-brown crystals of
hexagonal systems ,
space group P63 /mmc,
[2] cell parameters a = 0.4264 nm, c = 0.7579 nm, Z = 2.
[3]
[4]
The compound reacts with water to release
phosphine :
[5]
Li3 P + 3 H2 O → 3
LiOH + PH3
Uses
The compound is proposed to be used as a potential
electrolyte for solid-state devices.
[6]
Related compounds
Reaction of lithium with red phosphorus at 870 °C gives Li3 P7 .
[7]
Further reading
Safety
Alkali metal phosphides are dangerous compounds when exposed to
oxygen or moisture.
[8]
References
^
a
b E. Donges (1963). "Phosphides, Arsenides, Antimonides and Bismuthides of Alkali Metals from the Elements". In G. Brauer (ed.). Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd Ed . Vol. 2. NY, NY: Academic Press. p. 985.
^
"mp-736: Li3P (hexagonal, P6_3/mmc, 194)" .
materialsproject.org . Retrieved 10 December 2021 .
^ Seel, Max; Pandey, Ravi (1990).
"Band Structure and Electronic Properties of Lithium Phosphide Li3P" . MRS Proceedings . 210 .
doi :
10.1557/PROC-210-155 . Retrieved 10 December 2021 .
^ Donnay, Joseph Désiré Hubert (1963).
Crystal Data; Determinative Tables .
American Crystallographic Association . p. 765. Retrieved 10 December 2021 .
^ Dong, Yongkwan; DiSalvo, Francis J. (15 April 2007).
"Reinvestigation of trilithium phosphide, Li 3 P" .
Acta Crystallographica Section E . 63 (4): i97–i98.
doi :
10.1107/S1600536807008422 .
^ Wan, Chaoying; Huang, Xingyi; Bowen, Chris (23 June 2021).
Two-dimensional Inorganic Nanomaterials for Conductive Polymer Nanocomposites .
Royal Society of Chemistry .
ISBN
978-1-83916-260-2 . Retrieved 10 December 2021 .
^ Manriquez, V.; Hönle, W.; von Schnering, H. G. (1986). "Zur Chemie und Strukturchemie von Phosphiden und Polyphosphiden. 42. Trilithiumheptaphosphid Li3 P7 : Darstellung, Struktur und Eigenschaften". Zeitschrift für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie . 539 (8): 95–109.
doi :
10.1002/zaac.19865390810 .
^
Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) Chemical Substance Inventory .
U.S. Government Printing Office . 1979. p. 9. Retrieved 10 December 2021 .