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Species of virus
Human coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E ) is a species of
coronavirus which infects humans and bats.
[1] It is an
enveloped ,
positive-sense ,
single-stranded
RNA virus which enters its host cell by binding to the
APN receptor .
[2] Along with
Human coronavirus OC43 (a member of the
Betacoronavirus genus), it is one of the viruses responsible for the
common cold .
[3]
[4] HCoV-229E is a member of the genus
Alphacoronavirus and subgenus Duvinacovirus .
[5]
[6]
Transmission
HCoV-229E transmits via droplet-respiration and
fomites .
Signs and symptoms
HCoV-229E is associated with a range of
respiratory symptoms , ranging from the
common cold to high-morbidity outcomes such as
pneumonia and
bronchiolitis . However, such high
morbidity outcomes are almost always seen in cases with
co-infection with other
respiratory pathogens ; there is a single published case report to date of a 229E infection that caused
acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in an otherwise healthy patient having no detectable co-infection with another
pathogen .
[7] HCoV-229E is also among the coronaviruses most frequently codetected with other respiratory viruses, particularly with
human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV).
[8]
[9]
[10]
Epidemiology
HCoV-229E is one of the seven human coronaviruses which include
HCoV-NL63 ,
HCoV-OC43 ,
HCoV-HKU1 ,
MERS-CoV ,
SARS-CoV-1 , and
SARS-CoV-2 and are globally distributed.
[11]
[12] However, the viruses were detected in different parts of the world at different times of the year.
[13]
[14]
[15] A
NCBI -study found a previous HCoV-229E infection in 42.9% – 50.0% of children of 6–12 months of age and in 65% of those 2.5–3.5 years of age.
[16]
Virology
HCoV-229E is one of seven known coronaviruses to infect humans. The other six are:
[17]
Research
This section
is missing information about alpaca virus relative, also derived from bat.
Please expand the section to include this information. Further details may exist on the
talk page . (October 2021 )
Chloroquine , a
zinc
ionophore , inhibits the replication of Human coronavirus 229E in
cell culture .
[18]
Human HCoV-229E, and human HCoV-NL63, likely originated from bats.
[19]
History
A researcher at the
University of Chicago , Dorothy Hamre, first identified 229E in 1965.
[20]
[21]
See also
References
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External links