Chemical structure of
tropane which forms the core of tropane alkaloidsChemical structure and phylogeny of
tropane alkaloids. Displayed are 3 chemical compounds that occur as natural products in 5 plant species
All three
acetylcholine-inhibiting chemicals can also be found in the leaves, stems, and flowers in varying, unknown amounts in Brugmansia (angel trumpets), a relative of Datura. The same is also true of many other plants belonging to subfamily
Solanoideae of the
Solanaceae, the alkaloids being concentrated particularly in the leaves and seeds. However, the concentration of alkaloids can vary greatly, even from leaf to leaf and seed to seed.[10][11]
Synthetic analogs of tropane alkaloids also exist, such as the
phenyltropanes. They are not considered to be alkaloids per definition.
Biosynthesis
The biosynthesis of the tropane alkaloids have attracted intense interest because of their high physiological activity as well as the presence of the bicyclic
tropane core.[12]
Final stages in the pathway for the biosynthesis of the tropane alkaloid cocaine.
References
^O’Hagan, David (2000). "Pyrrole, pyrrolidine, pyridine, piperidine and tropane alkaloids (1998 to 1999)". Natural Product Reports. 17 (5): 435–446.
doi:
10.1039/a707613d.
PMID11072891.
^Hesse M (2002). Alkaloids: Nature's Curse or Blessing?. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. p. 304.
ISBN978-3-906390-24-6.
^Rätsch, Christian, The Encyclopedia of Psychoactive Plants: Ethnopharmacology and Its Applications pub. Park Street Press 2005
^Grynkiewicz, G; Gadzikowska, M (2008). "Tropane alkaloids as medicinally useful natural products and their synthetic derivatives as new drugs". Pharmacological Reports. 60 (4): 439–63.
PMID18799813.
^The Biology and Taxonomy of the Solanaceae edited by Hawkes, J.G., Lester, R.N. and Skelding, A.D. (Linnean Society Symposium Series Number 7) Published for the Linnean Society of London by Academic Press 1979
ISBN0-12-333150-1
^Eich, Prof. Dr. Eckhart, 2008, Solanaceae and Convolvulaceae: Secondary Metabolites - Biosynthesis, Chemotaxonomy, Biological and Economic Significance (A Handbook) pub. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg,
ISBN978-3-540-74541-9.