Rhachiberothidae Temporal range: Barremian–Present PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
The Oisea celinea holotype in Oise amber
Reconstruction of Uranoberotha chariessa
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Neuroptera
Clade:	Euneuroptera
Superfamily:	Mantispoidea
Family:	Rhachiberothidae Tjeder, 1959
Genera
Hoelzeliella Mucroberotha Rhachiberotha Rhachiella and see text

Rhachiberothidae, sometimes called thorny lacewings, are a family of winged insects in the order Neuroptera. The family has only 14 extant species in 4 genera found in Sub-Saharan Africa, but has a diverse fossil record extending back to the Early Cretaceous in Lebanon (then part of North Gondwana), Eurasia and North America. ^[1] Like the closely related Mantispidae members of the group possess raptorial forelegs, which probably only evolved once in the common ancestor of the groups. ^[2]

Long included in the Berothidae (beaded lacewings), they are usually considered a separate family by current authors. Another closely related group are the mantidflies ( Mantispidae), and at least some of the probably paraphyletic group of fossil forms collectively called " Mesithonidae" also seem to be quite close.^{[ citation needed]}

• Rhachiberothidae Tjeder, 1959
  • † Paraberothinae Nel et al., 2005
    • † Acanthoberotha Nakamine et al, 2020 Burmese amber, Late Cretaceous ( Cenomanian)
    • † Albertoberotha McKellar & Engel, 2009 Canadian amber, Late Cretaceous ( Campanian)
    • † Alboberotha Nel et al., 2005 Charentese amber, France, Cenomanian
    • † Astioberotha Nakamine et al, 2020 Burmese amber, Cenomanian
    • † Chimerhachiberotha Nel et al., 2005 Lebanese amber, Early Cretaceous ( Barremian)
    • † Creagroparaberotha Makarkin, 2015 Burmese amber, Cenomanian
    • † Eorhachiberotha Engel, 2004 Burmese amber, Cenomanian
    • † Kujiberotha Nakamine & Yamamoto, 2018 Kuji amber, Japan, Late Cretaceous ( Santonian)
    • † Micromantispa Shi et al., 2015 Burmese amber, Cenomanian
    • † Paraberotha Whalley, 1980 Lebanese amber, Barremian
    • † Raptorapax Petrulevicius et al., 2010 Lebanese amber, Barremian
    • † Retinoberotha Schlüter, 1978 Bezonnais amber, France, Cenomanian
    • † Rhachibermissa Grimaldi, 2000 New Jersey amber, Late Cretaceous ( Turonian)
    • † Scoloberotha Engel & Grimaldi, 2008 Burmese amber, Cenomanian
    • † Spinoberotha Nel et al., 2005 Lebanese amber, Barremian
    • † Stygioberotha Nakamine et al, 2020 Burmese amber, Cenomanian
    • † Uranoberotha Nakamine et al, 2020 Burmese amber, Cenomanian
  • Rhachiberothinae Tjeder, 1959
    • Hoelzeliella Aspöck & Aspöck, 1997
    • Mucroberotha Tjeder, 1959
    • Rhachiberotha Tjeder, 1959
    • Rhachiella Aspöck, Aspöck, Johnson, Donga & Duelli, 2020
    • † Whalfera Engel, 2004 Baltic amber, Eocene
  • Incertae sedis
    • † Oisea Nel et al., 2005 Oise amber, France, Eocene ( Ypresian)
    • † Paradoxoberotha Nakamine et al. 2022 Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian

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