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Family of harvestmen/daddy longlegs
Podoctidae is a family of the
harvestman infraorder
Grassatores with about 130 described species.
[1]
Description
Body length ranges from 2.5 to 5 millimeters, with leg length ranging from three to almost thirty mm. While most species are brown to yellow, some are deep green. The legs may be ringed in black and yellow. The penis is uniquely built.
[1]
Distribution
Most species occur in
Southeast Asia , especially in
New Guinea . Others are found in
Melanesia ,
Micronesia ,
Japan ,
India and
Sri Lanka ,
Madagascar , the
Seychelles and
Mauritius , and central
Africa . Ibantila cubana was introduced in a botanical garden in
Cuba . Although one Podoctidae was described from Brazil in 1938, it was later transferred to
Triaenonychidae .
[1] The oldest known member of the family is
Burmalomanius from the mid-Cretaceous
Burmese amber of Myanmar.
[2]
Relationships
Although Podoctidae are currently included in
Samooidea , and are surely
Grassatores , there is no obvious relationship with any family.
[1]
Name
The name of the type genus is derived from
Ancient Greek podos "foot" and oktis "spine", referring to the ventral row of long spines in femur I.
[1]
Genera
A detailed list of included species is
here
Erecananinae
Erecanana Strand, 1911 —
Kenya ,
Tanzania , etc (=
Sub-Saharan Africa ), inc.
Madagascar ,
Réunion (9 species)
Iyonus Suzuki, 1964 —
Japan (1 species)
Lomanius Roewer, 1923 —
China ,
Malaysia ,
Indonesia (
Java ),
Philippines ,
Taiwan ,
Vietnam (7 species)
Paralomanius Goodnight & Goodnight, 1948 —
Philippines ,
Palau (2 species)
Strandibalonius Roewer, 1912 —
Indonesia (
Borneo ,
Sulawesi ),
Papua New Guinea ,
Micronesia ,
Melanesia (16 species)
Ibaloniinae
Asproleria Roewer, 1949 —
New Guinea (1 species)
Austribalonius Forster, 1955 —
Australia (1 species)
Ceylonositalces Özdikmen, 2006 —
Sri Lanka (1 species) [Replacement name for
Eusitalces Roewer, 1915
Gargenna Roewer, 1949 —
Indonesia (
Nusa Tenggara Barat ) (1 species)
Heteroibalonius Goodnight & Goodnight, 1947 —
Indonesia (
Papua ) (1 species)
Heteropodoctis Roewer, 1912 —
Papua New Guinea /
Indonesia (
South Papua ) (1 species)
Holozoster Loman, 1902 —
Seychelles (1 species)
Ibalonianus Roewer, 1923 —
Papua New Guinea ,
Indonesia (Papua Barat), (
Maluku Islands ) (4 species)
Ibalonius Karsch, 1880 —
Philippines ,
New Caledonia ,
Seychelles , New Guinea,
Solomons (16 species)
Leytpodoctis Martens, 1993 -
Philippines (1 species)
Metibalonius Roewer, 1915 —
Papua New Guinea ,
Indonesia (Papua) (17 species)
Orobunus Goodnight & Goodnight, 1947 —
Papua New Guinea ,
Indonesia (Papua) (1 species)
Paramesoceras Roewer, 1915 — New Guinea (1 species)
Pentacros Roewer, 1949 —
Indonesia (1 species)
Podoctinus Roewer, 1923 —
New Britain (1 species)
Proholozoster Roewer, 1915 — New Guinea (1 species)
Santobius Roewer, 1949 —
New Hebrides (4 species) [see also
Ibantila Silhavy, 1969 for Santobius cubanus —
Cuba (introduced)
Sitalcicus Roewer, 1923 — Seychelles (3 species)
Podoctinae
Baramella Roewer, 1949 —
Borneo (1 species)
Baramia Hirst, 1912 — Indonesia (4 species)
Baso Roewer, 1923 —
Sumatra (1 species)
Basoides Roewer, 1949 — Sumatra (1 species)
Bistota Roewer, 1927 —
India (1 species)
Bonea Roewer, 1913 —
Indonesia ,
Philippines (10 species) [Note: Previously in Ibaloniinae]
Centrobunus Loman, 1902 — Seychelles (1 species)
Dongmoa Roewer, 1927 —
Tonking (2 species)
Eupodoctis Roewer, 1923 — India, Sri Lanka (2 species)
Eurytromma Roewer, 1949 — Sri Lanka (1 species)
Gaditusa Roewer, 1949 — Borneo (1 species)
Hoplodino Roewer, 1915 — Indonesia,
Singapore (4 species)
Idjena Roewer, 1927 — Java (1 species)
Idzubius Roewer, 1949 — Japan (1 species)
Japetus Roewer, 1949 — Borneo (1 species)
Laponcea Roewer, 1936 —
Mauritius (1 species)
Lejokus Roewer, 1949 — Borneo (1 species)
Lundulla Roewer, 1927 — Borneo (1 species)
Metapodoctis Roewer, 1915 — Taiwan,
Thailand (2 species)
Neopodoctis Roewer, 1912 — Sri Lanka (2 species)
Oppodoctis Roewer, 1927 — Philippines (1 species)
Peromona Roewer, 1949 — Seychelles (1 species)
Podoctellus Roewer, 1949 —
Johore (1 species)
Podoctis Thorell, 1890 —
Pinang (1 species)
Podoctomma Roewer, 1949 — Java (1 species)
Podoctops Roewer, 1949 — Sumatra (1 species)
Pumbaraius Roewer, 1927 — India (2 species)
Sibolgia Roewer, 1923 — Sumatra (1 species)
Stobitus Roewer, 1949 — Malaysia (1 species)
Tandikudius Roewer, 1929 — India (1 species)
Trencona Roewer, 1949 — Borneo (1 species)
Trigonobunus Loman, 1894 — Borneo (1 species)
Tryssetus Roewer, 1936 — Mauritius (1 species)
Vandaravua Roewer, 1929 — India (1 species)
For
Dino Loman 1892 [in Weber] see
Epedanidae ).
References
Joel Hallan 's Biology Catalog:
Podoctidae
Pinto-da-Rocha, R., Machado, G. & Giribet, G. (eds.) (2007): Harvestmen - The Biology of Opiliones. Harvard University Press
ISBN
0-674-02343-9