Pnar | |
---|---|
Jaiñtia | |
Ka Ktien Pnar | |
Pronunciation | /kɑ kt̪eːn pnɑr/ |
Native to | India, Bangladesh |
Ethnicity | Pnar people |
Native speakers | 395,124 (2011 census) [1] |
Austroasiatic
| |
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 |
pbv |
Glottolog |
pnar1238 |
Pnar (Ka Ktien Pnar), also known as Jaiñtia [2] is an Austroasiatic language spoken in India and Bangladesh.
Pnar has 30 phonemes: 7 vowels and 23 consonants. Other sounds listed below are phonetic realizations. [3] The sounds in brackets are phonetic realizations and the sounds in slashes are phonemes.
Front | Central | Back | |
---|---|---|---|
Close | / i/ | ɨ] | / u/ |
Near-close | ɪ] | ʊ] | |
Close-mid | / e/ | / o/ | |
Mid | ə] | ||
Open-mid | / ɛ/ | ʌ] | / ɔ/ |
Open | / ɑ/ |
There is also one diphthong: /ia/.
Labial | Dental | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nasal | / m/ | / n/ | / ɲ/ | / ŋ/ | |||
Plosive | voiceless | / p/ | / t̪/ | / t/ | / tʃ/ | / k/ | / ʔ/ |
voiced | / b/ | / d̪/ | / d/ | / dʒ/ | |||
voiceless aspirated | / pʰ/ | / t̪ʰ/ | tʃʰ] | / kʰ/ | |||
voiced aspirated | bʱ] | d̪ʱ] | dʒʱ] | ||||
Fricative | / s/ | / h/ | |||||
Trill | / r/ | ||||||
Approximant | central | / w/ | / j/ | ||||
Lateral | / l/ |
Syllables in Pnar can consist of a single nucleic vowel. Maximally, they can include a complex onset of two consonants, a diphthong nucleus, and a coda consonant. A second type of syllable contains a syllabic nasal/trill/lateral immediately following the onset consonant. This syllabic consonant behaves as the rhyme. (Ring, 2012: 141–2)