From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Genus of flowering plants
For the genus in the botanical family Lythraceae, see
Cuphea .
Parsonsia is a genus of woody
vines in the family
Apocynaceae . Species occur throughout
Indomalaya ,
Australasia and
Melanesia .
[1]
Description
The
leaves are opposite, the shape and size of juvenile leaves often bearing little resemblance to the adult leaves.
[2] The
latex may be clear and colourless, pale yellow or milky white.
[2]
The flowers are green, white, cream, yellow, orange, red, pink or brown, sometimes with contrasting markings. These are followed by elongated pod-like capsules, the two follicles eventually separating to reveal numerous seeds with long, silky hairs.
[2]
Taxonomy
The genus was named and described in 1810 by botanist
Robert Brown in his paper On the Asclepiadeae published in
Memoirs of the Wernerian Natural History Society .
[3] He named the genus in honour of
James Parsons (1705–1770), an English physician and Fellow of the
Royal Society .
[4]
The generic name Parsonsia R.Br. (1810) is
conserved against the earlier
homonym Parsonsia
P.Browne which was given to a genus in the family
Lythraceae . The latter genus is now included in
Cuphea .
[5]
Parsonsia is closely related to
Artia and
Prestonia .
[6]
[7]
Species
Parsonsia brownii
Parsonsia brownii
Accepted species
[1]
Parsonsia affinis Baill. – New Caledonia
Parsonsia alboflavescens (Dennst.) Mabb. –
China ,
Taiwan ,
Japan ,
India ,
Sri Lanka ,
Indochina ,
Indonesia ,
Malaysia ,
Philippines and
Australia .
[3]
[8]
[9]
Parsonsia apiculata D.J.Middleton
Parsonsia aneityensis Guillaumin – Vanuatu
Parsonsia apiculata (Bakh.f.) D.J.Middleton – Java, Bali
Parsonsia appressa D.J.Middleton – Papua New Guinea
[9]
Parsonsia bartlensis J.B.Williams – Queensland
[3]
Parsonsia blakeana J.B.Williams – Queensland
[3]
Parsonsia brachiata Baillon ex Guillaumin –
New Caledonia
[10]
Parsonsia brisbanensis J.B.Williams – Queensland
[3]
Parsonsia brownii (Britten) Pichon – SE Australia
[3]
Parsonsia buruensis (Teijsm. & Binn.) Boerl. – Maluku, Papua New Guinea
[9]
Parsonsia capsularis (Forster f.) R. Br. –
New Zealand
[11]
Parsonsia catalpicarpa – New Caledonia
[10]
Parsonsia celebica (Oliv.) Sleesen – W Malaysia, Borneo, Sulawesi
Parsonsia constricta D.J.Middleton – W New Guinea
Parsonsia crebriflora Baill. – New Caledonia
[10]
Parsonsia curvisepala K. Schum. – Perak, Sulawesi, New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Philippines
[9]
[12]
Parsonsia densiflora D.J.Middleton – Papua New Guinea
[9]
Parsonsia densivestita C.T.White – Queensland
[3]
Parsonsia diaphanophleba F.Muell. – Western Australia
[3]
Parsonsia dorrigoensis J.B.Williams – New South Wales
[3]
Parsonsia edulis (G. Benn.) Guillaumin – New Caledonia
[10]
Parsonsia effusa S. Moore – New Caledonia
[10]
Parsonsia eucalyptophylla F.Muell. – E Australia
[3]
Parsonsia ferruginea J.B.Williams – Queensland
[3]
Parsonsia flavescens Merr. & L.M. Perry – New Guinea
[9]
[13]
Parsonsia flexilis Baill. – New Caledonia
[10]
Parsonsia flexuosa Baill. – New Caledonia
[10]
Parsonsia franchetii Baill. ex Guillaumin – New Caledonia, Loyalty Islands
[10]
Parsonsia fulva S.T.Blake – Queensland, NSW
[3]
Parsonsia goniostemon Hand.-Mazz. – Guangxi
[8]
Parsonsia grandiflora D.J.Middleton
[3] – Bacan I in Maluku
[14]
Parsonsia grayana J.B.Williams – Queensland
[3]
Parsonsia hebetica Markgr. – Papua New Guinea
[9]
Parsonsia × heterocapsa Allan – New Zealand
Parsonsia heterophylla A. Cunn. – New Zealand
[11]
Parsonsia howeana J.B.Williams –
Lord Howe Island
[3]
Parsonsia inae Guillaumin – Vanuatu
Parsonsia induplicata F.Muell. – Queensland, NSW
[3]
Parsonsia kimberleyensis J.B.Williams – Western Australia
[3]
Parsonsia kroombitensis J.B.Williams – Queensland
[3]
Parsonsia laevis –
Fiji ,
Vanuatu
[13]
[15]
Parsonsia lanceolata R.Br. – Queensland, NSW
[3]
Parsonsia langiana F.Muell. – Queensland
[3]
Parsonsia larcomensis J.B.Williams – Queensland
[3]
Parsonsia largiflorens (F.Muell. ex Benth.) S.T.Blake – Queensland, NSW
[3]
Parsonsia lata Markgr. - Maluku, New Guinea, Solomon Is
[16]
[9]
Parsonsia latifolia (Benth.) S.T.Blake – Queensland
[3]
Parsonsia laxiflora Guillaumin – New Caledonia
[10]
Parsonsia leichhardtii F.Muell. – Queensland
[3]
Parsonsia lenticellata C.T.White – Queensland
[3]
Parsonsia lilacina F.Muell. – Queensland, NSW
Parsonsia longiflora Guillaumin – New Caledonia
[10]
Parsonsia longiloba D.J.Middleton – New Ireland
Parsonsia longipetiolata J.B.Williams – Queensland, NSW
[3]
Parsonsia macrophylla Pichon ex Guillaumin. – New Caledonia
[10]
Parsonsia marginata Markgr. – New Guinea
Parsonsia novoguinensis D.J.Middleton – New Guinea
[9]
Parsonsia oligantha (K.Schum.) D.J.Middleton – New Guinea
[9]
Parsonsia pachycarpa Guillaumin – New Caledonia
[10]
Parsonsia paulforsteri J.B.Williams – Queensland
[3]
Parsonsia pedunculata Markgr. – Bismarck Archipelago
[9]
Parsonsia penangiana King & Gamble – Penang, Thailand
Parsonsia philippinensis Merr. – Philippines, Java, Borneo, W Malaysia, Thailand
Parsonsia plaesiophylla S.T.Blake – Queensland
[3]
Parsonsia populifolia Baill. – New Caledonia
[10]
Parsonsia praeruptis Heads & P.J.de Lange – North I of New Zealand
Parsonsia purpurascens J.B.Williams – New South Wales
[3]
Parsonsia rotata Maiden & Betche – Queensland, NSW
[3]
Parsonsia rubra Kaneh. & Hatus. J. – Maluku, New Guinea
[9]
[13]
Parsonsia sanguinea Markgr. – New Guinea
[3]
[9]
[13]
Parsonsia sankowskyana J.B.Williams – Queensland
[3]
Parsonsia scabra (Labill.) Markgr. – New Caledonia
[10]
Parsonsia schoddei D.J.Middleton – Papua New Guinea
[9]
Parsonsia smithii Markgr. – Vanua Levu in Fiji
Parsonsia straminea (R.Br.) F.Muell. – Queensland, NSW
[3]
Parsonsia sundensis D.J.Middleton
[3] –
East Timor
[17]
Parsonsia tenuiflora D.J.Middleton
[3] – W New Guinea
Parsonsia tenuis S.T.Blake – Queensland, NSW
[3]
Parsonsia terminaliifolia Guillaumin – New Caledonia
[10]
Parsonsia vaccinoides Markgr. – W New Guinea
[9]
Parsonsia velutina R.Br. – Timor, Maluku, Australia, New Guinea
[3]
[9]
Parsonsia ventricosa F.Muell. – Queensland, NSW
[3]
Parsonsia warenensis Kanehira & Hatusima – Papua New Guinea
[9]
Parsonsia wildensis J.B.Williams – Queensland
[3]
Parsonsia wongabelensis J.B.Williams - Queensland
[3]
formerly included
[1]
Parsonsia balansae Baill. =
Artia balansae (Baill.) Pichon ex Guillaumin
Parsonsia barbata Blume =
Parameria laevigata (Juss.) Moldenke
Parsonsia brachycarpa Baill. =
Artia brachycarpa (Baill.) Boiteau
Parsonsia bracteata Hook. & Arn. =
Mandevilla pentlandiana (DC.) Woodson
Parsonsia corymbosa (Jacq.) R.Br. ex Steud. =
Pinochia corymbosa (Jacq.) M.E.Endress & B.F.Hansen
Parsonsia diversifolia (Warb.) Markgr. =
Lyonsia diversifolia Warb.
Parsonsia floribunda (Sw.) R.Br. ex Steud. =
Pinochia floribunda (Sw.) M.E.Endress & B.F.Hansen
Parsonsia francii Guillaumin =
Artia francii (Guillaumin) Pichon
Parsonsia galeottiana Baill. =
Thenardia galeottiana Baill.
Parsonsia javanica Blume 1826 not (Blume) K. Schum 1895 =
Urceola javanica (Blume) Boerl.
Parsonsia leptocarpa Hook. & Arn. =
Forsteronia leptocarpa (Hook. & Arn.) A.DC.
Parsonsia lifuana Baill. = Artia lifuana (Baill.) Pichon ex Guillaumin
Parsonsia myrtifolia (Poir.) Roem. & Schult. =
Landolphia myrtifolia (Poir.) Markgr.
Parsonsia ovata Wall. ex G.Don =
Pottsia laxiflora (Blume) Kuntze
Parsonsia spicata (Jacq.) R.Br. ex Steud. =
Forsteronia spicata (Jacq.) G.Mey.
Cultivation
A species from New Zealand, Parsonsia variablis (Variable-leaved Parsonsia), was introduced into cultivation in England in 1847 as a greenhouse plant and was noted to have a sweet scent, however the flowers were regarded as "not very showy".
[18] This species is thought to be a form of Parsonsia heterophylla .
[11]
References
^
a
b
c
d
"World Checklist of Selected Plant Families" . Retrieved May 18, 2014 .
^
a
b
c
"Genus Parsonsia " . PlantNET – New South Wales Flora Online . Royal Botanic Gardens & Domain Trust, Sydney Australia. Retrieved 2009-05-21 .
^
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
i
j
k
l
m
n
o
p
q
r
s
t
u
v
w
x
y
z
aa
ab
ac
ad
ae
af
ag
ah
ai
aj
ak
al
am
an
"Parsonsia " .
Australian Plant Name Index (APNI), IBIS database . Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government, Canberra. Retrieved 2009-05-19 .
^ Bennett, John J. (1850).
The Miscellaneous Botanical Works of Robert Brown: Vol.II . Retrieved 2009-05-21 .
^
"Genus: Parsonsia P. Browne" . Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) . United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Area. Retrieved 2009-05-21 .
^ Livshultz, T., D. J. Middleton, M. E. Endress, and J. K. Williams.(2007) Phylogeny of Apocynoideae and the APSA Clade (Apocynaceae S.l.). Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 94, no. 2: 324–59.
^ Morales, J.F.; Endress, M.E.; Liede-Schumann, S. (2017) Sex, drugs and pupusas: Disentangling relationships in Echiteae (Apocynaceae). Taxon 66 (3): 623–644.
https://doi.org/10.12705/663.7
^
a
b
"Parsonsia " . Flora of China . efloras.org. Retrieved 2009-05-19 .
^
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
i
j
k
l
m
n
o
p
q Conn, Barry J.
"Census of Vascular Plants of Papua New Guinea" . Plants of Papua New Guinea . Papua New Guinea National Herbarium and the National Herbarium of New South Wales #. Retrieved 2009-05-19 .
^
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
i
j
k
l
m
n
o
"Genre Parsonsia R.Br" . Endémía – Faune & Flore de Nouvelle-Calédonie . Retrieved 2009-05-19 .
^
a
b
c
"Flora of New Zealand: PARSONSIA R. Br., 1809" . Retrieved 2009-05-19 .
^
"Parsonsia curvisepala" . Index of Botanical Specimens . Harvard University Herbaria. Retrieved 2009-05-19 .
^
a
b
c
d
"Indonesian Biodiversity Information System (IBIS) online" . Research Center for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences. Retrieved 2009-05-19 .
^
"Parsonsia grandiflora D.J. Middleton" . Tropicos . Missouri Botanical Gardens. Retrieved 2009-05-31 .
^
"Parsonsia laevis" . Index of Botanical Specimens . Harvard University Herbaria. Retrieved 2009-05-19 .
^
"Parsonsia lata " .
Germplasm Resources Information Network .
Agricultural Research Service ,
United States Department of Agriculture . Retrieved 2009-05-19 .
^
"Parsonsia curvisepala" . Index of Botanical Specimens . Harvard University Herbaria. Retrieved 2009-05-31 .
^ Moore, Thomas; William P. Ayres (1850). Gardeners' Magazine of Botany, Horticulture, Floriculture, and Natural Science . 1 . William S. Orr and Co.: 120.