Ethnic group associated with the Indian state of Odisha
"Odias" redirects here. For other uses, see
Odia .
Ethnic group
The Odia (ଓଡ଼ିଆ ), formerly spelled Oriya , are an
Indo-Aryan ethnic group native to the Indian state of
Odisha who speak the
Odia language . They constitute a majority in the eastern coastal state, with significant minority populations existing in the neighboring states of
Andhra Pradesh ,
Chhattisgarh ,
Jharkhand and
West Bengal .
[6]
History
Entrance of the Hathigumpha
Medieval period
The
Shailodbhava dynasty ruled the region from the sixth to the eighth century. They built the
Parashurameshvara Temple in the 7th century, which is the oldest known temple in Bhubaneswar. The ruled Odisha from the 8th to the 10th century. They built several Buddhist monasteries and temples, including
Lalitgiri ,
Udayagiri and
Baitala Deula . The
Keshari dynasty ruled from the 9th to the 12th century. The
Lingaraj Temple ,
Mukteshvara Temple and
Rajarani Temple in Bhubaneswar were constructed during the
Bhauma-Kara dynasty .
[7] They were introduced as a new style of architecture in Odisha, and the dynasty's rule shifted from
Buddhism to
Brahmanism .
Modern period
Odisha remained an independent regional power until the early 16th century. It was conquered by the
Mughals under
Akbar in 1568 and was thereafter subject to a succession of Mughal and
Maratha rule before coming under
British control in 1803.
[9]
In 1817, a combination of high taxes, administrative malpractice by the
zamindars and dissatisfaction with the new land laws led to a
revolt against Company rule breaking out, which many Odias participated in. The rebels were led by General
Jagabandhu Bidyadhara Mohapatra Bhramarbara Raya .
[10]
[11]
Under Maratha control, major Odia regions were transferred to the rulers of Bengal that resulted in successive decline of the language over the course of time in vast regions that stretched until today's
Midnapore district of West Bengal.
[12] [
better source needed ]
Odisha became a separate province and the first officially recognized language-based state of India in 1936, after the amalgamation of the Odia regions from
Bihar and Orissa Province ,
Madras Presidency and
Chhattisgarh Division was successfully executed. 26 Odia
princely states , including
Sadheikala-Kharasuan in today's
Jharkhand , also signed a merger with the newly formed state, while many major Odia-speaking areas were left out due to political incompetence.
[13]
Communities
The Odia people are subdivided into several communities such as the
Brahmin ,
Jyotish ,
Karan ,
Khandayat ,
Gopal ,
Kumuti (Kalinga Vaishya),
[14]
Chasa ,
Bania ,
Kansari ,
Gudia ,
Patara ,
Tanti ,
Teli ,
Badhei ,
Kamara ,
Barika ,
Mali ,
Kumbhar ,
Siyal caste ,
[15]
Sundhi ,
Keuta ,
Dhoba ,
Bauri , Kandara,
Domba ,
Pano , and Hadi.
[16]
Culture
Cuisine
Seafood and sweets dominate Odia cuisine. Rice is the staple cereal and is eaten throughout the day. Popular Odia dishes are
rasagolla ,
rasabali ,
chhena poda ,
chhena kheeri ,
chhena jalebi , chenna jhilli,
chhenagaja ,
khira sagara ,
dalma ,tanka torani and
pakhala .
[17]
[18]
Festivals
A wide variety of festivals are celebrated throughout the year; There is a saying in Odia, ‘Baarah maase, terah parba’, that there are 13 festivals in a year. Well known festivals that are popular among the Odia people include the
Ratha Yatra and
Durga Puja .
[19]
Religion
Odisha is one of the most religiously homogeneous states in India. More than 94% of the people are followers of Hinduism.
[20] Hinduism in Odisha is more significant due to the specific Jagannath culture followed by Odia Hindus. The practices of the
Jagannath sect is popular in the state and the annual Ratha Yatra in Puri draws pilgrims from across India.
[21]
Notable people
Achyutananda – Indian devotional Poet from Odisha
Binayak Acharya – Indian politician (1918–1983)
Afzal-ul Amin – Indian politician and social worker (1915-1983)
Subroto Bagchi – Indian entrepreneur and business leader
Bhikari Bal – Indian singer (1929–2010)
Hemananda Biswal – Indian politician (1939–2022)
Bhagabat Behera – Indian politician from Odisha (1940–2002)
Chakradhar Behera – Revolutionary from Odisha, India
Chandi Prasad Mohanty
Sanatan Mahakud – Indian politician
Krishna Beura – Indian playback singerPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
Kadambini Mohakud – CricketerPages displaying short descriptions with no spaces
Dutee Chand – Indian sprinter (born 1996)
Nabakrushna Choudhuri – Indian politician and activist
Ashok Das – Indian American physicist
Bibhusita Das – Indian marine engineer
Bidhu Bhusan Das – Indian academic (1922-1999)Pages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback
Bishwanath Das – Indian politician, lawyer, and philanthropist
Gopabandhu Das – Indian writer (1877–1928)
Madhusudan Das – Elderly and prominent freedom fighter, lawyer and social reformer from Odisha
Manoj Das – Indian author (1934–2021)
Nandita Das – Indian actress, director
Prabhat Nalini Das – Indian academicPages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback
Shaktikanta Das – Governor of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI)
Anil Dash – American technology executive and entrepreneur
Rajendra Narayan Singh Deo – Politician from Odisha, India
Giridhar Gamang – Indian politician
Hussain Rabi Gandhi – Indian writer and politician (1948–2023)
Biswabhusan Harichandan – Indian politician (born 1934)
Mehmood Hussain – Indian filmmaker
Madhu Sudan Kanungo – gerontologistPages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback Pages displaying short descriptions with no spaces
Indrajit Mahanty – Former Chief Justice of Tripura High Court
Harekrushna Mahatab – Politician from Odisha, India
Lalit Mansingh – Indian diplomat
Chaturbhuj Meher – Indian weaver
Gangadhar Meher – A renowned Odia poet of the 19th century
Kailash Chandra Meher – Indian artist and painter
Kunja Bihari Meher – Indian weaver (1928–2008)
Sadhu Meher – Indian actor, director and producer (1939/1940–2024)
Atharuddin Mohammed – Dewan of Dhenkanal
Pramod Kumar Mishra – Indian bureaucrat and principal secretary to the Prime Minister of India
Sabyasachi Mishra – Indian film actor
Baidyanath Misra – Indian economist, educationist, author, and administrator
B. K. Misra – NeurosurgeonPages displaying short descriptions with no spaces
Dipak Misra – 45th Chief Justice of India
Ranganath Misra – 21st Chief Justice of India
Tapan Misra – Indian scientist
Biren Mitra – Indian politician (1917–1978)
Sayeed Mohammed – Indian Odia educationist, freedom fighter and philanthropist
Anubhav Mohanty – Odia actor and politician
Baisali Mohanty – Odissi dancer
Debashish Mohanty – Indian cricketer
Surendra Mohanty – Odia writer, politician
Uttam Mohanty – Indian actor
Bibhu Mohapatra – Indian American Fashion designer
Kelucharan Mohapatra – Indian classical dancer (1926–2004)
Sona Mohapatra – Indian singer
Arabinda Muduli – Odia singer, musician, lyricist (1961-2018)Pages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback
Srabani Nanda – Indian sprinter
Bibhuti Bhushan Nayak – Indian journalist (born 1965)
Pragyan Ojha – Former Indian cricketer
Nila Madhab Panda – Indian film director
Arun K. Pati – Indian physicist
Biju Patnaik – Indian politician and aviator
Janaki Ballabh Patnaik – Politician from Odisha, India (1927–2015)
Jayanti Patnaik – Indian parliamentarian and social worker (1932–2022)
Naveen Patnaik – 14th Chief Minister of Odisha
Sudarshan Patnaik – Indian Sand ArtistPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
Sambit Patra – Indian politician (born 1974)
Devdutt Pattanaik – Indian mythologist and writer (born 1970)
Dharmendra Pradhan – Indian politician
Manasi Pradhan – Indian writer and Women's rights activistPages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback
S.N. Pradhan – Director general of police
Ramakanta Rath – Indian poet from Odisha
Ekram Rasul
Nilamani Routray – Indian politician (1920–2004)
Sarojini Sahoo – Indian (Odia) Writer
Archita Sahu – Indian actress and model
Jairam Samal – Odia actorPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
Debasish Samantray – Indian cricketer
Biplab Samantray – Indian cricketer
Pratap Chandra Sarangi – Indian politician
Nandini Satpathy – Politician from Odisha, India (1931–2006)
Fakir Mohan Senapati – Indian Odia author
Sadashiva Tripathy – Chief Minister of Odisha (1910-1980)Pages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback
Bijaya Kumar Sahoo – Indian educationalist (1963–2021)
Ashwini Vaishnaw – Indian politician and civil servant (born 1970)
See also
References
^
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^
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^ Baumann, Martin.
"Immigrant Hinduism in Germany" .
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^
"New Zealand" . Stats New Zealand . Retrieved 30 December 2021 .
^ Minahan, James (2012).
Ethnic Groups of South Asia and the Pacific: An Encyclopedia . Bloomsbury Academic.
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9781598846591 .
^ Smith, Walter (1994).
The Mukteśvara Temple in Bhubaneswar . Motilal Banarsidass. p. 27.
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978-81-208-0793-8 .
^ GYANENENDRA NATH MITRA (25 December 2019).
"Book by British ICS officer covers 'Orissa' as a whole" . dailypioneer . Retrieved 25 December 2019 .
^ Sayed Jafar Mahmud (1994).
Pillars of Modern India 1757-1947 . APH Publishing. p. 10.
ISBN
978-81-7024-586-5 . Retrieved 10 February 2013 .
^
" 'Paika Bidroha' to be named as 1st War of Independence - NATIONAL - The Hindu" .
The Hindu .
^ Sengupta, N. (2011).
Land of Two Rivers: A History of Bengal from the Mahabharata to Mujib . Penguin Books Limited.
ISBN
978-81-8475-530-5 .
^ Sridhar, M.; Mishra, Sunita (5 August 2016).
Language Policy and Education in India: Documents, contexts and debates . Routledge.
ISBN
9781134878246 . Retrieved 25 December 2019 .
^ Timon Tim.
HISTORICAL GLANCE ON KALINGA VAISHYA COMMUNITY OR 'KUMUTI' CASTE .
^
Indian Antiquary: A Journal of Oriental Research in Archaeology, History, Literature, Languages, Folklore Etc . Education Society's Press. 1884.
^ Nab Kishore Behura; Ramesh P. Mohanty (2005).
Family Welfare in India: A Cross-cultural Study . Discovery Publishing House. pp. 49–.
ISBN
978-81-7141-920-3 .
^
"Cuisine Of Odisha" . odishanewsinsight . 16 November 2019. Retrieved 18 January 2020 .
^
"Odia delicacies in Bengaluru's first 'Ama Odia Bhoji' to tickle taste buds" . aninews . 12 January 2020. Retrieved 18 January 2020 .
^
"The tenacious people of Odisha" . telanganatoday . 2 December 2018. Archived from
the original on 5 April 2019. Retrieved 18 January 2020 .
^
"Population by religion community – 2011" . Census of India, 2011 . The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Archived from
the original on 25 August 2015.
^
"Lord Jagannath's Rathyatra as a Marker of Odia Identity" . thenewleam . 23 July 2018. Retrieved 18 January 2020 .
External links