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Nitrogen tribromide
Names
IUPAC name
nitrogen tribromide
Identifiers
ChemSpider
InChI=1S/3BrH.N/h3*1H;/p-3
Properties
NBr3
Molar mass
253.7187 g/mol
Appearance
Deep red solid
Melting point
Explodes at -100 °C
[1]
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their
standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Chemical compound
Nitrogen tribromide is a chemical compound with the formula NBr3 . It is extremely explosive in its pure form, even at −100 °C, and was not isolated until 1975.
[2] It is a deep-red and volatile solid.
Preparation
NBr3 was first prepared by reaction of bistrimethylsilylbromamine (
bis(trimethylsilyl)amine bromide) with
bromine monochloride (with
trimethylsilyl chloride as byproduct) at −87 °C according to the following equation:
(Me3 Si)2 NBr + 2 BrCl → NBr3 + 2 Me3 SiCl
where "Me" is a
methyl group .
NBr3 can be produced by the reaction of
bromine or
hypobromite and
ammonia in a dilute aqueous buffer solution.
[3] It can also be prepared by the reaction of bromine and
bromine azide .
[4] Ammonia and bromine undergo glow discharge, and after treatment, red NBr3 ·6NH3 can be obtained.
[5] Pure nitrogen NBr3 was only produced in 1975.
[6]
Reactions
Nitrogen tribromide reacts instantly with
ammonia in
dichloromethane solution at −87 °C to yield
NBrH2 .
[7]
NBr3 + 2 NH3 → 3 NH2 Br
It also reacts with
iodine in
dichloromethane solution at −87 °C to produce NBr2 I, which is a red-brown solid that stable up to -20 °C.
[7]
NBr3 + I2 → NBr2 I + IBr
References
^
Lide, David R. (1998), Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (87 ed.), Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, pp. 4–73,
ISBN
0-8493-0594-2
^
Greenwood, Norman N. ; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.).
Butterworth-Heinemann . p. 439.
ISBN
978-0-08-037941-8 .
^ Galal-Gorchev, Hend; Morris, J. Carrell (Jun 1965).
"Formation and Stability of Bromamide, Bromimide, and Nitrogen Tribromide in Aqueous Solution" . Inorganic Chemistry . 4 (6): 899–905.
doi :
10.1021/ic50028a029 .
ISSN
0020-1669 .
^ Klapötke, Thomas M. (1997-01-01).
"The reaction of bromine azide with bromine" . Polyhedron . 16 (15): 2701–2704.
doi :
10.1016/S0277-5387(96)00586-4 .
ISSN
0277-5387 .
^ Schmeisser, Martin (1941-05-07).
"Über Bromstickstoff" . Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie . 246 (3): 284–302.
doi :
10.1002/zaac.19412460305 .
ISSN
0863-1786 .
^ Jander, Jochen; Knackmuss, Jürgen; Thiedemann, Klaus-Ulrich (1975-06-01).
"Notizen: Darstellung und Isolierung von Stickstofftribromid NBr3 und Stickstoffdibromidmonojodid NBr2 J / Preparation and Isolation of Nitrogentribromide NBr3 and Nitrogendibromidemonoiodide NBr2 I" . Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B . 30 (5–6): 464–465.
doi :
10.1515/znb-1975-5-633 .
ISSN
1865-7117 .
^
a
b Matyáš, Robert; Pachman, Jiří. (2013). Primary explosives . Berlin: Springer. p. 294.
ISBN
978-3-642-28436-6 .
OCLC
832350093 .
Br(−I) Br(−I,I) Br(I) Br(II) Br(I,V) Br(III) Br(IV) Br(V) Br(VII)
Salts and covalent derivatives of the
bromide ion
Salts and covalent derivatives of the
nitride ion