This is a list of birds of Victoria, Australia.
Victoria is
Australia's second-smallest state but has high
biodiversity, with 516 bird species recorded — around 54% of Australia's total of 959 bird species
[1] in just 3% of Australia's land area.
[2]
Birds are present in high concentrations in some areas, including the
Western Treatment Plant at
Werribee in
Melbourne's suburbs, which is a haven for tens of thousands of birds, due to a combination of permanent water, varied landforms and plant species.
[3]
Victoria contains a wider variety of natural habitats than any area of similar size in Australia.
[4] Habitats range from warm
temperate rainforest in the far east of the state (
East Gippsland), cool temperate rainforest,
[5] heathlands,
[6] mallee (stunted eucalypt) scrubland,
[7] grasslands,
[8] open woodland,
[9] montane forest,
[10] permanent lakes, estuaries, large permanent rivers,
[11] ocean and bay coastline.
[12] 4 million hectares of the state's 23.7 million hectare total land and marine area is protected in National Parks and conservation reserves.
[13]
Key locations
The state of Victoria includes the following 36
Important Bird Areas (IBAs) classified by
BirdLife International:
[14]
Several sites in Victoria have been listed amongst Australia's top ten birdwatching locations including:
The following Victorian sites have been listed amongst Australia's top 100 birdwatching locations:
- Banyule Flats Reserve, Banyule, 20 km northeast of Melbourne
[15]
-
Phillip Island,
South Gippsland, 142 km southeast of Melbourne
[15]
- Gipsy Point,
East Gippsland, 500 km east of Melbourne
[15]
-
You Yangs Regional Park, 60 km west of Melbourne
[15]
- Port Fairy Pelagic,
Port Fairy 288 km west of Melbourne
[15]
-
Bunyip State Park,
West Gippsland, 86 km east of Melbourne
[15]
-
Serendip Sanctuary, 60 km west of Melbourne
[15]
- Cabbage Tree Creek Nature Conservation Reserve,
East Gippsland 408 km east of Melbourne
[15]
-
Tarra-Bulga National Park,
South Gippsland, 193 km southeast of Melbourne
[15]
-
Little Desert National Park 373 km northwest of Melbourne
[15]
-
Wilsons Promontory National Park,
South Gippsland, 213 km southeast of Melbourne
[15]
- Sale Common Nature Conservation Reserve,
Sale,
East Gippsland 216 km southeast of Melbourne
[15]
- Bronzewing Flora & Fauna Reserve,
Ouyen
Mallee (Victoria), 425 km northwest of Melbourne
[15]
-
Royal Botanic Gardens,
Cranbourne 53 km southeast of Melbourne
[15]
Species
Ostriches
Order:
Struthioniformes Family:
Struthionidae
Emus
Order:
Casuariformes Family:
Casuariidae
Magpie goose
Order:
Anseriformes Family:
Anseranatidae
Ducks, geese and swans
Order:
Anseriformes Family:
Anatidae
- Plumed whistling duck,
Dendrocygna eytoni
- Wandering whistling duck,
Dendrocygna arcuata
- Blue-billed duck,
Oxyura australis
- Pink-eared duck,
Malacorhynchus membranaceus
- Cape Barren goose,
Cereopsis novaehollandiae
- Black swan,
Cygnus atratus
- Greylag goose,
Anser anser – introduced species
- Australian shelduck,
Tadorna tadornoides
- Hardhead,
Aythya australis
- Garganey,
Spatula querquedula
[19]
- Australasian shoveller,
Spatula rhynchotis
- Northern shoveller,
Spatula clypeata
[19]
- Pacific black duck,
Anas superciliosa
- Mallard,
Anas platyrhynchos – introduced species
- Grey teal,
Anas gracilis
- Chestnut teal,
Anas castanea
- Freckled duck,
Stictonetta naevosa
- Musk duck,
Biziura lobata
- Australian wood (maned) duck,
Chenonetta jubata
- Asian (cotton) pygmy goose,
Nettapus coromandelianus
[19]
Mound-builders
Order:
Galliformes Family:
Megapodiidae
New World quail
Order:
Galliformes Family:
Odontophoridae
pheasants and quail
Order:
Galliformes Family:
Phasianidae
Grebes
Order:
Phoenicopteriformes Family:
Podicipedidae
Pigeons and doves
Order:
Columbiformes Family:
Columbidae
- Rock dove,
Columba livia – introduced species
- White-headed pigeon,
Columba leucomela
- African collared (Barbary) dove,
Streptopelia roseogrisea – introduced species
- Spotted-necked dove,
Streptopelia chinensis – introduced species
- Brown cuckoo dove,
Macropygia amboinensis
- Wonga pigeon,
Leucosarcia melanoleuca
- Common bronzewing,
Phaps chalcoptera
- Brush bronzewing,
Phaps elegans
- Crested pigeon,
Ocyphaps lophotes
- Diamond dove,
Geopelia cuneata
- Peaceful dove,
Geopelia placida
- Bar-shouldered dove,
Geopelia humeralis
[19]
- Emerald dove,
Chalcophaps indica
- Superb fruit dove,
Ptilinopus superbus
[19]
- Rose-crowned fruit dove,
Ptilinopus regina
[19]
- Topknot pigeon,
Lopholaimus antarcticus
Tropicbirds
Order:
Phaethontiformes Family:
Phaethontidae
Frogmouths
Order:
Caprimulgiformes Family:
Podargidae
Nightjars
Order:
Caprimulgiformes Family:
Caprimulgidae
Owlet-nightjars
Order:
Caprimulgiformes Family:
Aegothelidae
Swifts
Order:
Caprimulgiformes Family:
Apodidae
Cuckoos
Order:
Cuculiformes Family:
Cuculidae
Rails, crakes and coots
Order:
Gruiformes Family:
Rallidae
Cranes
Order:
Gruiformes Family:
Gruidae
Bustards
Order:
Otidiformes Family:
Otididae
Penguins
Order:
Sphenisciformes Family:
Spheniscidae
Storm-petrels
Order:
Procellariformes Family:
Oceanitidae
Albatrosses
Order:
Procellariformes Family:
Diomedeidae
Order:
Procellariformes Family:
Hydrobatidae
Fulmars, petrels and shearwaters
Order:
Procellariformes Family:
Procellariidae
- Northern giant petrel,
Macronectes halli
[19]
- Southern giant petrel,
Macronectes giganteus
- Southern fulmar,
Fulmarus glacialoides
- Antarctic petrel,
Thalassoica antarctica
- Cape petrel,
Daption capense
- Blue petrel,
Halobaena caerulea
- Broad-billed prion,
Pachyptila vittata
- Salvin's prion,
Pachyptila salvini
- Antarctic prion,
Pachyptila desolata
- Slender-billed prion,
Pachyptila belcheri
- Fairy prion,
Pachyptila turtur
- Fulmar prion,
Pachyptila crassirostris
- Kerguelen petrel,
Aphrodroma brevirostris
- Gould's petrel,
Pterodroma leucoptera
- Cook's petrel,
Pterodroma cookii
- Black-winged petrel,
Pterodroma nigripennis
- Providence petrel,
Pterodroma solandri
- Barau's petrel,
Pterodroma baraui
- Mottled petrel,
Pterodroma inexpectata
- Soft-plumaged petrel,
Pterodroma mollis
- Atlantic petrel,
Pterodroma incerta
- White-headed petrel,
Pterodroma lessonii
- Great-winged petrel,
Pterodroma macroptera
- Grey petrel,
Procellaria cinerea
- White-chinned petrel,
Procellaria aequinoctialis
- Westland petrel,
Procellaria westlandica
- Black (Parkinson's) petrel,
Procellaria parkinsoni
- Wedge-tailed shearwater,
Ardenna pacifica
- Buller's shearwater,
Ardenna bulleri
- Short-tailed shearwater,
Ardenna tenuirostris
- Sooty shearwater,
Ardenna grisea
- Great shearwater,
Ardenna gravis
- Flesh-footed shearwater,
Ardenna carneipes
- Streaked shearwater,
Calonectris leucomelas
- Fluttering shearwater,
Puffinus gavia
- Hutton's shearwater,
Puffinus huttoni
- Little shearwater,
Puffinus assimilis
- Bulwer's petrel,
Bulweria bulwerii
- Common diving petrel,
Pelecanoides urinatrix
Storks
Order:
Pelecaniformes Family:
Ciconiidae
Pelicans
Order:
Pelecaniformes Family:
Pelecanidae
Bitterns, herons and egrets
Order:
Pelecaniformes Family:
Ardeidae
- Australasian bittern,
Botaurus poiciloptilus
- Australian little bittern,
Ixobrychus dubius
- Black bittern,
Ixobrychus flavicollis
- Rufous (nankeen) night heron,
Nycticorax caledonicus
- Striated heron,
Butorides striata
- Cattle egret,
Bubulcus ibis
- White-necked heron,
Ardea pacifica
- Great egret,
Ardea alba
- Intermediate egret,
Ardea intermedia
- Pied heron,
Egretta picata
[19]
- White-faced heron,
Egretta novaehollandiae
- Little egret,
Egretta garzetta
- Pacific (eastern) reef egret,
Egretta sacra
Ibises and spoonbills
Order:
Pelecaniformes Family:
Threskiornithidae
Frigatebirds
Order:
Pelecaniformes Family:
Fregatidae
Boobies and gannets
Order:
Pelecaniformes Family:
Sulidae
Cormorants
Order:
Pelecaniformes Family:
Phalacrocoracidae
Darters
Order:
Pelecaniformes Family:
Anhingidae
Stone-curlews (thick-knees)
Order:
Charadriiformes Family:
Burhinidae
Oystercatchers
Order:
Charadriiformes Family:
Haematopodidae
Avocets and stilts
Order:
Charadriiformes Family:
Recurvirostridae
Plovers and lapwings
Order:
Charadriiformes Family:
Charadriidae
- Grey plover,
Pluvialis squatarola
- Pacific golden plover,
Pluvialis fulva
- American golden plover,
Pluvialis dominica
- Common ringed plover,
Charadrius hiaticula
- Semipalmated plover,
Charadrius semipalmatus
- Little ringed plover,
Charadrius dubius
- Red-capped plover,
Charadrius ruficapillus
- Double-banded plover,
Charadrius bicinctus
- Lesser sand plover,
Charadrius mongolus
- Greater sand plover,
Charadrius leschenaultii
- Oriental plover,
Charadrius veredus
- Hooded plover,
Thinornis cucullatus
- Black-fronted dotterel,
Elseyornis melanops
- Banded (black-breasted) lapwing,
Vanellus tricolor
- Masked lapwing,
Vanellus miles
- Red-kneed dotterel,
Erythrogonys cinctus
- Inland dotterel,
Peltohyas australis
Plains-wanderer
Order:
Charadriiformes Family:
Pedionomidae
Painted-snipe
Order:
Charadriiformes Family:
Rostratulidae
Waders or shorebirds
Order:
Charadriiformes Family:
Scolopacidae
- Whimbrel,
Numenius phaeopus
- Little curlew,
Numenius minutus
- Far Eastern curlew,
Numenius madagascariensis
- Bar-tailed godwit,
Limosa lapponica
- Hudsonian godwit,
Limosa haemastica
- Black-tailed godwit,
Limosa limosa
- Ruddy turnstone,
Arenaria interpres
- Great knot,
Calidris tenuirostris
- Red knot,
Calidris canutus
- Ruff,
Calidris pugnax
- Broad-billed sandpiper,
Calidris falcinellus
- Sharp-tailed sandpiper,
Calidris acuminata
- Stilt sandpiper,
Calidris himantopus
- Curlew sandpiper,
Calidris ferruginea
- Long-toed stint,
Calidris subminuta
- Red-necked stint,
Calidris ruficollis
- Sanderling,
Calidris alba
- Baird's sandpiper,
Calidris bairdii
- Little stint,
Calidris minuta
- White-rumped sandpiper,
Calidris fuscicollis
- Buff-breasted sandpiper,
Calidris subruficollis
- Pectoral sandpiper,
Calidris melanotos
- Asian dowitcher,
Limnodromus semipalmatus
- Short-billed dowitcher,
Limnodromus griseus
- Long-billed dowitcher,
Limnodromus scolopaceus
- Latham's snipe,
Gallinago hardwickii
- Terek sandpiper,
Xenus cinereus
- Common sandpiper,
Actitis hypoleucos
- Grey-tailed tattler,
Tringa brevipes
- Wandering tattler,
Tringa incana
[20]
[21]
- Lesser yellowlegs,
Tringa flavipes
- Spotted redshank,
Tringa erythropus
- Common greenshank,
Tringa nebularia
- Common redshank,
Tringa totanus
- Wood sandpiper,
Tringa glareola
- Marsh sandpiper,
Tringa stagnatilis
- Wilson's phalarope,
Steganopus tricolor
- Red-necked phalarope,
Phalaropus lobatus
- Grey phalarope,
Phalaropus fulicarius
Buttonquail
Order:
Charadriiformes Family:
Turnicidae
Pratincoles
Order:
Charadriiformes Family:
Glareolidae
Skuas
Order:
Charadriiformes Family:
Stercorariidae
Gulls and terns
Order:
Charadriiformes Family:
Laridae
- Brown (common) noddy,
Anous stolidus
[19]
- Black noddy,
Anous minutus
[19]
- Grey ternlet (blue noddy),
Procelsterna cerulea
[19]
- Sabine's gull,
Xema sabini
- Silver gull,
Chroicocephalus novaehollandiae
- Laughing gull,
Leucophaeus atricilla
[19]
- Franklin's gull,
Leucophaeus pipixcan
- Pacific gull,
Larus pacificus
- Black-tailed gull,
Larus crassirostris
[19]
- Kelp gull,
Larus dominicanus
- Sooty tern,
Onychoprion fuscatus
- Bridled tern,
Onychoprion anaethetus
- Little tern,
Sternula albifrons
- Fairy tern,
Sternula nereis
- Australian tern,
Gelochelidon macrotarsa
- Caspian tern,
Hydroprogne caspia
- Whiskered tern,
Chlidonias hybrida
- White-winged black tern,
Chlidonias leucopterus
[19]
- Black tern,
Chlidonias niger
- White-fronted tern,
Sterna striata
- Common tern,
Sterna hirundo
- Arctic tern,
Sterna paradisaea
[19]
- Antarctic tern,
Sterna vittata
- Greater crested tern,
Thalasseus bergii
Osprey
Order:
Accipitriformes Family:
Pandionidae
Hawks, kites and eagles
Order:
Accipitriformes Family:
Accipitridae
- Black-shouldered kite,
Elanus axillaris
- Letter-winged kite,
Elanus scriptus
[19]
- Black-breasted buzzard,
Hamirostra melanosternon
[19]
- Square-tailed kite,
Lophoictinia isura
- Wedge-tailed eagle,
Aquila audax
- Little eagle,
Hieraaetus morphnoides
- Swamp harrier,
Circus approximans
- Spotted harrier,
Circus assimilis
- Grey goshawk,
Accipiter novaehollandiae
- Brown goshawk,
Accipiter fasciatus
- Collared sparrowhawk,
Accipiter cirrocephalus
- White-bellied sea eagle,
Haliaeetus leucogaster
- Whistling kite,
Haliastur sphenurus
- Brahminy kite,
Haliastur indus
[20]
- Black kite,
Milvus migrans
Barn owls
Order:
Strigiformes Family:
Tytonidae
True owls
Order:
Strigiformes Family:
Strigidae
Bee-eaters
Order:
Coraciiformes Family:
Meropidae
Rollers
Order:
Coraciiformes Family:
Coraciidae
Kingfishers
Order:
Coraciiformes Family:
Alcedinidae
Falcons
Order:
Falconiformes Family:
Falconidae
Cockatoos
Order:
Psittaciformes Family:
Cacatuidae
- Cockatiel,
Nymphicus hollandicus
- Red-tailed black cockatoo,
Calyptorhynchus banksii
- Glossy black cockatoo,
Calyptorhynchus lathami
- Yellow-tailed black cockatoo,
Zanda funerea
- Gang-gang cockatoo,
Callocephalon fimbriatum
- Galah,
Eolophus roseicapilla
- Major Mitchell's cockatoo,
Cacatua leadbeateri
- Long-billed corella,
Cacatua tenuirostris
- Little corella,
Cacatua sanguinea
- Sulphur-crested cockatoo,
Cacatua galerita
True parrots
Order:
Psittaciformes Family:
Psittaculidae
- Superb parrot,
Polytelis swainsonii
- Regent parrot,
Polytelis anthopeplus
- Princess parrot,
Polytelis alexandrae
- Australian king parrot,
Alisterus scapularis
- Red-rumped parrot,
Psephotus haematonotus
- Bluebonnet,
Northiella haematogaster
- Mulga parrot,
Psephotellus varius
- Crimson rosella,
Platycercus elegans
- Eastern rosella,
Platycercus eximius
- Australian ringneck,
Barnardius zonarius
- Swift parrot,
Lathamus discolor
- Eastern ground parrot,
Pezoporus wallicus
- Night parrot,
Pezoporus occidentalis
[19]
[20]
- Blue-winged parrot,
Neophema chrysostoma
- Elegant parrot,
Neophema elegans
- Orange-bellied parrot,
Neophema chrysogaster
- Turquoise parrot,
Neophema pulchella
- Scarlet-chested parrot,
Neophema splendida
[19]
- Musk lorikeet,
Glossopsitta concinna
- Little lorikeet,
Glossopsitta pusilla
- Purple-crowned lorikeet,
Glossopsitta porphyrocephala
- Rainbow lorikeet,
Trichoglossus haematodus
- Scaly-breasted lorikeet,
Trichoglossus chlorolepidotus
- Budgerigar,
Melopsittacus undulatus
Lyrebirds
Order:
Passeriformes Family:
Menuridae
Bowerbirds and catbirds
Order:
Passeriformes Family:
Ptilonorhynchidae
Treecreepers
Order:
Passeriformes Family:
Climacteridae
Fairywrens, emu-wrens and grasswrens
Order:
Passeriformes Family:
Maluridae
Bristlebirds
Order:
Passeriformes Family:
Dasyornithidae
Honeyeaters
Order:
Passeriformes Family:
Meliphagidae
- Eastern spinebill,
Acanthorhynchus tenuirostris
- Pied honeyeater,
Certhionyx variegatus
- Lewin's honeyeater,
Meliphaga lewinii
- Singing honeyeater,
Gavicalis virescens
- Grey-fronted honeyeater,
Ptilotula plumula
- Fuscous honeyeater,
Ptilotula fusca
- Yellow-plumed honeyeater,
Ptilotula ornata
- White-plumed honeyeater,
Ptilotula penicillata
- Yellow-faced honeyeater,
Caligavis chrysops
- White-fronted honeyeater,
Purnella albifrons
- Yellow-tufted honeyeater,
Lichenostomus melanops
- Purple-gaped honeyeater,
Lichenostomus cratitius
- Bell miner,
Manorina melanophrys
- Noisy miner,
Manorina melanocephala
- Yellow-throated miner,
Manorina flavigula
- Black-eared miner,
Manorina melanotis
- Spiny-cheeked honeyeater,
Acanthagenys rufogularis
- Little wattlebird,
Anthochaera chrysoptera
- Regent honeyeater,
Anthochaera phrygia
- Red wattlebird,
Anthochaera carunculata
- Crimson chat,
Epthianura tricolor
- Orange chat,
Epthianura aurifrons
- White-fronted chat,
Epthianura albifrons
- Black honeyeater,
Sugomel nigrum
- Scarlet honeyeater (myzomela),
Myzomela sanguinolenta
- Tawny-crowned honeyeater,
Gliciphila melanops
- Brown honeyeater,
Lichmera indistincta
- Crescent honeyeater,
Phylidonyris pyrrhopterus
- New Holland honeyeater,
Phylidonyris novaehollandiae
- White-cheeked honeyeater,
Phylidonyris niger
- White-eared honeyeater,
Nesoptilotis leucotis
- Black-chinned honeyeater,
Melithreptus gularis
- Brown-headed honeyeater,
Melithreptus brevirostris
- White-naped honeyeater,
Melithreptus lunatus
- Blue-faced honeyeater,
Entomyzon cyanotis
- Little friarbird,
Philemon citreogularis
- Noisy friarbird,
Philemon corniculatus
- Striped honeyeater,
Plectorhyncha lanceolata
- Painted honeyeater,
Grantiella picta
Pardalotes
Order:
Passeriformes Family:
Pardalotidae
Scrubwrens, thornbills and allies
Order:
Passeriformes Family:
Acanthizidae
- Brown gerygone,
Gerygone mouki
- White-throated gerygone,
Gerygone olivacea
- Western gerygone,
Gerygone fusca
- Weebill,
Smicrornis brevirostris
- Pilotbird,
Pycnoptilus floccosus
- Redthroat,
Pyrrholaemus brunneus
- Speckled warbler,
Pyrrholaemus sagittatus
- Chestnut-rumped heathwren,
Calamanthus pyrrhopygius
- Shy heathwren,
Calamanthus cautus
- Striated fieldwren,
Calamanthus fuliginosus
- Rufous fieldwren,
Calamanthus campestris
- White-browed scrubwren,
Sericornis frontalis
- Large-billed scrubwren,
Sericornis magnirostra
- Southern whiteface,
Aphelocephala leucopsis
- Yellow-rumped thornbill,
Acanthiza chrysorrhoa
- Yellow thornbill,
Acanthiza nana
- Striated thornbill,
Acanthiza lineata
- Inland thornbill,
Acanthiza apicalis
- Brown thornbill,
Acanthiza pusilla
- Slender-billed thornbill,
Acanthiza iredalei
- Chestnut-rumped thornbill,
Acanthiza uropygialis
- Buff-rumped thornbill,
Acanthiza reguloides
Australasian babblers
Order:
Passeriformes Family:
Pomatostomidae
Sittella
Order:
Passeriformes Family:
Neosittidae
Cuckooshrikes
Order:
Passeriformes Family:
Campephagidae
Quail-thrushes
Order:
Passeriformes Family:
Cinclosomatidae
Whistlers and allies
Order:
Passeriformes Family:
Pachycephalidae
Crested bellbird
Order:
Passeriformes Family:
Oreoicidae
Whipbirds and wedgebills
Order:
Passeriformes Family:
Eupetidae (formerly
Psophodidae)
Figbirds and orioles
Order:
Passeriformes Family:
Oriolidae
Currawongs, woodswallows, butcherbirds and allies
Order:
Passeriformes Family:
Artamidae
- Pied currawong,
Strepera graculina
- Grey currawong,
Strepera versicolor
- Australian magpie,
Gymnorhina tibicen
- Pied butcherbird,
Cracticus nigrogularis
- Grey butcherbird,
Cracticus torquatus
- Masked woodswallow,
Artamus personatus
- White-browed woodswallow,
Artamus superciliosus
- Dusky woodswallow,
Artamus cyanopterus
- Black-faced woodswallow,
Artamus cinereus
- Little woodswallow,
Artamus minor
- White-breasted woodswallow,
Artamus leucorynchus
Drongo
Order:
Passeriformes Family:
Dicruridae
Fantails
Order:
Passeriformes Family:
Rhipiduridae
Crows and ravens
Order:
Passeriformes Family:
Corvidae
Monarch flycatchers
Order:
Passeriformes Family:
Monarchidae
Chough and apostlebird
Order:
Passeriformes Family:
Corcoracidae
Australasian robins
Order:
Passeriformes Family:
Petroicidae
Sunbirds and spiderhunters
Order:
Passeriformes Family:
Dicaeidae
Australasian finches, firetails and waxbills
Order:
Passeriformes Family:
Estrildidae
Old World sparrows
Order:
Passeriformes Family:
Passeridae
Wagtails and pipits
Order:
Passeriformes Family:
Motacillidae
True finches, crossbills and allies
Order:
Passeriformes Family:
Fringillidae
Larks
Order:
Passeriformes Family:
Alaudidae
Cisticolas and allies
Order:
Passeriformes Family:
Cisticolidae
Grassbirds, songlarks and allies
Order:
Passeriformes Family:
Locustellidae
Reed-warblers
Order:
Passeriformes Family:
Acrocephalidae
Swallows
Order:
Passeriformes Family:
Hirundinidae
Bulbuls
Order:
Passeriformes Family:
Pycnonotidae
White-eyes
Order:
Passeriformes Family:
Zosteropidae
Starlings
Order:
Passeriformes Family:
Sturnidae
Thrushes and allies
Order:
Passeriformes Family:
Turdidae
See also
References
Further reading