L-xylulose reductase | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Identifiers | |||||||||
EC no. | 1.1.1.10 | ||||||||
Databases | |||||||||
IntEnz | IntEnz view | ||||||||
BRENDA | BRENDA entry | ||||||||
ExPASy | NiceZyme view | ||||||||
KEGG | KEGG entry | ||||||||
MetaCyc | metabolic pathway | ||||||||
PRIAM | profile | ||||||||
PDB structures | RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum | ||||||||
|
dicarbonyl/L-xylulose reductase | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Identifiers | |||||||
Symbol | DCXR | ||||||
NCBI gene | 51181 | ||||||
HGNC | 18985 | ||||||
OMIM | 608347 | ||||||
RefSeq | NM_016286 | ||||||
UniProt | Q7Z4W1 | ||||||
Other data | |||||||
EC number | 1.1.1.10 | ||||||
Locus | Chr. 17 q25.3 | ||||||
|
Dicarbonyl/L-xylulose reductase, also known as carbonyl reductase II, is an enzyme that in human is encoded by the DCXR gene located on chromosome 17.
The DCXR gene encodes a membrane protein that is approximately 34 kDa in size and composed of 224 amino acids. The protein is highly expressed in the kidney and localizes to the cytoplasmic membrane. [1]
DCSR catalyzes the reduction of several L-xylylose as well as a number of pentoses, tetroses, trioses, alpha-dicarbonyl compounds. The enzyme is involved in carbohydrate metabolism, glucose metabolism, the uronate cycle and may play a role in the water absorption and cellular osmoregulation in the proximal renal tubules by producing xylitol. [2]
In enzymology, an L-xylulose reductase ( EC 1.1.1.10) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are xylitol and NADP+, whereas its 3 products are L-xylulose, NADPH, and H+.
This enzyme belongs to the superfamily of short-chain oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-OH group of donor with NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is xylitol:NADP+ 2-oxidoreductase (L-xylulose-forming).
A deficiency is responsible for pentosuria. The insufficiency of L-xylulose reductase activity causes an inborn error of metabolism disease characterized by excessive urinary excretion of L-xylulose.
Over-expression and ectopic expression of the protein may be associated with prostate adenocarcinoma. [3]