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Genus of orchids
Gastrodia , commonly known as potato orchids ,
[2] is a
genus of
terrestrial leafless
orchids in the
family Orchidaceae, about ninety of which have been described. Orchids in this genus have fleshy, upright stems and small to medium-sized
resupinate flowers with narrow
sepals and
petals . They are
native to Asia (China, the
Russian Far East , Japan, Korea, Southeast Asia, the
Indian Subcontinent ), Australia, New Zealand, central Africa, and various islands of the Indian and Pacific Oceans.
[1]
Orchids in the genus Gastrodia are leafless, terrestrial,
mycotrophic
herbs with a fleshy, underground
rhizome and an upright flowering stem with a few to many brownish,
resupinate flowers. The
sepals and
petals are fused to form a bell-shaped or irregular tube with the tips free. The petals are usually much smaller than the sepals and the
labellum has three lobes and is fully enclosed in the tube.
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
[7]
The genus Gastrodia was first formally described in 1810 by
Robert Brown and the description was published in
Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae et Insulae Van Diemen . The
type species is
Gastrodia sesamoides .
[8]
The following is a list of species of Gastrodia recognised by
Plants of the World Online as of September 2021:
[1]
Gastrodia abscondita
J.J.Sm. - Java
Gastrodia africana
Kraenzl. - Cameroon
Gastrodia agnicellus
Hermans &
P.J.Cribb - Madagascar
Gastrodia albida
T.C.Hsu , &
C.M.Kuo - Taiwan
Gastrodia albidoides
Y.H.Tan &
T.C.Hsu - Yunnan
Gastrodia amamiana
Suetsugu - Japan
Gastrodia angusta
S.Chow &
S.C.Chen - Yunnan
Gastrodia appendiculata
C.S.Leou &
N.J.Chung
Gastrodia arunachalensis
S.N.Hegde &
A.N.Rao – Arunachal Pradesh
Gastrodia ballii
P.J.Cribb &
Browning - Malawi, Zimbabwe, Mozambique
Gastrodia bambu
Metusala - Java
Gastrodia boninensis
Tuyama - Ogasawara-shoto (Bonin Islands of Japan)
Gastrodia cajanoae
Barcelona &
Pelser - Java, Taiwan
Gastrodia callosa
J.J.Sm. - Java, Taiwan
Gastrodia celebica
Schltr. - Sulawesi
Gastrodia clausa
T.C.Hsu ,
S.W.Chung &
C.M.Kuo - Taiwan, Okinawa
Gastrodia confusa
Honda &
Tuyama - Taiwan, Korea, Japan, Bonin Islands, Ryukyu Islands
Gastrodia confusoides
T.C.Hsu ,
S.W.Chung &
C.M.Kuo - Taiwan
Gastrodia cooperae
Lehnebach &
J.R.Rolfe - New Zealand
Gastrodia crassisepala
L.O.Williams - New Guinea
Gastrodia crebriflora
D.L.Jones -
Queensland
Gastrodia crispa
J.J.Sm. – Java
Gastrodia cunninghamii
Hook.f. - Vanuatu, New Zealand (including Chatham Island)
Gastrodia damingshanensis
A.Q.Hu &
T.C.Hsu
Gastrodia dyeriana
King &
Pantl. - Sikkim, Darjiling
Gastrodia effusa
P.T.Ong &
P.O'Byrne - Sabah, Peninsular Malaysia
Gastrodia elata
Blume - much of China (including Tibet and Taiwan), Japan, Korea, Russian Far East, Assam, Bhutan, Nepal
Gastrodia elatoides
W.C.Huang ,
G.W.Hu &
Q.F.Wang - Madagascar
Gastrodia entomogama
D.L.Jones -
A.C.T.
Gastrodia exilis
Hook.f. - India, Assam, Thailand, Sumatra
Gastrodia falconeri
D.L.Jones &
M.A.Clem. - Pakistan, northern India, Nepal
Gastrodia fimbriata
Suddee - Thailand
Gastrodia flavilabella
S.S.Ying - Taiwan
Gastrodia flexistyla
T.C.Hsu &
C.M.Kuo - Taiwan
Gastrodia flexistyloides
Suetsugu
Gastrodia fontinalis
T.P.Lin - Taiwan
Gastrodia fujianensis
Liang Ma ,
Xin Y.Chen &
S.P.Chen - China (Fujian)
Gastrodia gracilis
Blume - Taiwan, Honshu
Gastrodia grandilabris
Carr - Sabah
Gastrodia gunatillekeorum
Bandara ,
Priyankara &
Kumar - Sri Lanka
Gastrodia holttumii
Carr
Gastrodia huapingenisi
X.Y.Huang ,
A.Q.Hu &
Yan Liu
Gastrodia isabelensis
T.C.Hsu
Gastrodia javanica (
Blume )
Lindl. - Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand, Taiwan, Fujian, Ryukyu Islands
Gastrodia kachinensis
X.H.Jin &
L.A.Ye – Myanmar
Gastrodia kaohsiungensis
T.P.Lin – Taiwan
Gastrodia kuroshimensis
Suetsugu - Japan
Gastrodia lacista
D.L.Jones -
Western Australia
Gastrodia longitubularis
Q.W.Meng ,
X.Q.Song &
Y.B.Luo - Hainan
Gastrodia madagascariensis
H.Perrier ex
Martos &
Bytebier - Madagascar
Gastrodia major
Aver. - Vietnam
Gastrodia maliauensis
Suetsugu ,
Suleiman &
Tsukaya - Borneo (Sabah)
Gastrodia menghaiensis
Z.H.Tsi &
S.C.Chen - Yunnan
Gastrodia minor
Petrie - New Zealand
Gastrodia mishmensis
A.N.Rao ,
Harid. &
S.N.Hegde
Gastrodia molloyi
Lehneback &
J.R.Rolfe - New Zealand
Gastrodia nantoensis
T.C.Hsu ,
C.M.Kuo ex
T.P.Lin
Gastrodia nipponica
Honda)
Tuyama - Taiwan, Japan, Ryukyu Islands
Gastrodia nipponicoides
Suetsugu
Gastrodia × nippouraiensis
Suetsugu &
T.C.Hsu -
Nansei-shoto
Gastrodia okinawensis
Suetsugu
Gastrodia papuana
Schltr. - New Guinea
Gastrodia peichatieniana
S.S.Ying
Gastrodia phangngaensis
Suddee
Gastrodia procera
G.W.Carr -
N.S.W. ,
Vic. ,
A.C.T. ,
Tas.
Gastrodia pubilabiata
Y.Sawa - Taiwan, Japan
Gastrodia punctata
Aver. - Vietnam
Gastrodia putaoensis
X.H.Jin - Myanmar
Gastrodia queenslandica
Dockrill - Queensland
Gastrodia rubinea
T.P.Lin - Taiwan
Gastrodia rwandensis
Eb.Fisch. &
Killmann - Rwanda
Gastrodia sabahensis
J.J.Wood &
A.L.Lamb
Gastrodia selabintanensis
Tsukaya &
Hidayat
Gastrodia sesamoides
R.Br. -
Australia
Gastrodia shimizuana
Tuyama - Iriomote, Taiwan
Gastrodia silentvalleyana
C.S.Kumar ,
P.C.S.Kumar ,
Sibi &
S.Anil Kumar - Kerala
Gastrodia similis
Bosser - Réunion
Gastrodia solomonensis
T.C.Hsu
Gastrodia spatulata (
Carr )
J.J.Wood - Sabah
Gastrodia stapfii
Hayata
Gastrodia sui
C.S.Leou ,
T.C.Hsu &
C.R.Yeh - Taiwan
Gastrodia surcula
D.L.Jones - New South Wales
Gastrodia taiensis
Tuyama - Vietnam
Gastrodia takeshimensis
Suetsugu
Gastrodia tembatensis
P.T.Ong &
P.O'Byrne - Peninsular Malaysia
Gastrodia theana
Aver. - Vietnam
Gastrodia tonkinensis
Aver. &
Averyanova
Gastrodia tuberculata
F.Y.Liu &
S.C.Chen - Yunnan
Gastrodia umbrosa
B.Gray - Queensland
Gastrodia uraiensis
T.C.Hsu &
C.M.Kuo - Taiwan
Gastrodia urceolata
D.L. Jones - Queensland
Gastrodia verrucosa
Blume - Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Java, Sumatra
Gastrodia vescula
D.L.Jones - South Australia
Gastrodia wuyishanensis
Da M.Li &
C.D.Liu - Fujian
Gastrodia zeylanica
Schltr. - Sri Lanka
Media related to
Gastrodia at Wikimedia Commons