EDRF serves various functions, of which the most common and topical are vasodilation and the prevention of
platelet adhesion. EDRF also plays a role in the production of
cyclic GMP.[citation needed]
EDRF is produced from
L-arginine by an enzyme (endothelial nitric oxide synthase) that is dependent on calcium-calmodulin and
NADPH - this occurs in the cardiac endothelium.[citation needed]
EDRF then diffuses to the smooth muscle in vascular tissue (vessels may be large or small), here it enacts
endogenous vasodilation. Moreover, it serves the function of preventing sympathetic vasoconstriction - when the sympathetic nervous system, reacting to a situation perceived as dangerous, attempts to raise blood pressure through vasoconstriction.[citation needed]
The NO compound is also capable of reducing clotting in the blood stream due to its ability to prevent platelet adhesion and aggregation.[4]
Related pathology
Atherosclerosis and hypertension are grave contributors in the group of pathological conditions under the umbrella of Cardiovascular disease. Among these conditions is also the disfunction of the endothelium, which given its properties of vasodilation when functional, can cause excessive vasoconstriction, thus leading back to hypertension. Another effect of this particular disfunction may also be excessive platelet adhesion, signifying a significant increase in blood clots, thus the promotion of a prothrombotic state.[4]