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Genus of spiders
Cosmophasis is a
genus of
spiders in the family
Salticidae (jumping spiders). They are predominantly
Southeast Asian ,
[2] while some species occur in
Africa and
Australia . Although most species more or less
mimic ants , there are also colorful species
[3] that follow a different strategy.
C. bitaeniata uses
chemical mimicry to be accepted by the aggressive
weaver ant species
Oecophylla smaragdina .
[4]
One species, said to be not a particularly good ant mimic, was observed living near and preying on ants. According to (Murphy & Murphy, 2000), "to watch the spider stalking and killing its prey is an arachnological spectacular".
[5]
Description
Species in this genus are from 3.80 to 8.00 mm long. The
cephalothoraxes are pear-shaped(for some males) or rectangular.
[6]
Taxonomy
As of November 2021
[update] , the
World Spider Catalog accepted the following species:
[7]
Cosmophasis albipes
Berland & Millot, 1941 –
Guinea
Cosmophasis albomaculata Schenkel, 1944 –
Timor
Cosmophasis ambonensis Hurni-Cranston & Hill, 2020 -
Ambon Island
Cosmophasis arborea Berry, Beatty & Prószyński, 1997 –
Caroline Islands
Cosmophasis baehrae Zabka & Waldock, 2012 -
Australia
Cosmophasis bandaneira Hurni-Cranston & Hill, 2020 -
Banda Islands
Cosmophasis banika Żabka & Waldock, 2012 -
Solomon Islands
Cosmophasis bitaeniata (
Keyserling , 1882) –
New Guinea ,
Australia ,
Micronesia
Cosmophasis chlorophthalma (Simon, 1898) –
New Hebrides
Cosmophasis chopardi Berland & Millot, 1941 –
Ivory Coast
Cosmophasis colemani Żabka & Waldock, 2012 – Australia (Queensland)
Cosmophasis courti Żabka & Waldock, 2012 – New Guinea
Cosmophasis cypria (
Thorell , 1890) –
Java
Cosmophasis darwini Żabka & Waldock, 2012 – Australia (Northern Territory)
Cosmophasis depilata Caporiacco, 1940 –
Ethiopia
Cosmophasis estrellaensis Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 –
Philippines
Cosmophasis fazanica Caporiacco, 1936 –
Libya
Cosmophasis gemmans (Thorell, 1890) –
Sumatra
Cosmophasis harveyi Żabka & Waldock, 2012 – New Guinea
Cosmophasis hortoni Żabka & Waldock, 2012 – Solomon Is.
Cosmophasis humphreysi Żabka & Waldock, 2012 – New Guinea
Cosmophasis kairiru Żabka & Waldock, 2012 – New Guinea
Cosmophasis kohi Żabka & Waldock, 2012 – New Guinea
Cosmophasis lami Berry, Beatty & Prószyński, 1997 –
East Asia ,
South East Asia ,
Pacific islands
Cosmophasis laticlavia (Thorell, 1892) – Sumatra
Cosmophasis lucidiventris Simon, 1910 –
Gabon
Cosmophasis lungga Żabka & Waldock, 2012 – Solomon Islands
Cosmophasis maculiventris Strand, 1911 – Aru Islands
Cosmophasis masarangi Merian, 1911 –
Sulawesi
Cosmophasis micans (
L. Koch , 1880) –
Queensland
Cosmophasis micarioides (L. Koch, 1880) – New Guinea, Queensland,
Solomon Islands
Cosmophasis miniaceomicans (Simon, 1888) –
Andaman Islands
Cosmophasis modesta (L. Koch, 1880) – Queensland
Cosmophasis monacha (Thorell, 1881) – New Guinea
Cosmophasis motmot Żabka & Waldock, 2012 – New Guinea
Cosmophasis obscura (Keyserling, 1882) – Queensland
Cosmophasis olorina (Simon, 1901) –
Sri Lanka
Cosmophasis ombria (Thorell, 1877) – Indonesia (Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, Krakatau)
Cosmophasis orsimoides
Strand , 1911 –
Kei Islands
Cosmophasis panjangensis Żabka & Waldock, 2012 – Indonesia (Krakatau)
Cosmophasis parangpilota Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 – Philippines
Cosmophasis psittacina (Thorell, 1887) – Myanmar
Cosmophasis pulchella Caporiacco, 1947 – Ethiopia
Cosmophasis quadricincta (Simon, 1885) –
Singapore
Cosmophasis rakata Żabka & Waldock, 2012 – Indonesia (Krakatau)
Cosmophasis risbeci Berland, 1938 – New Hebrides
Cosmophasis sertungensis Żabka & Waldock, 2012 – Indonesia (Krakatau)
Cosmophasis squamata Kulczyński, 1910 – Solomon Islands,
Seychelles
Cosmophasis strandi Caporiacco, 1947 – East Africa
Cosmophasis tavurvur Żabka & Waldock, 2012 – New Guinea
Cosmophasis thalassina (
C. L. Koch , 1846) –
Malaysia to Australia
Cosmophasis tricincta Simon, 1910 –
Bioko
Cosmophasis trioipina Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 – Philippines
Cosmophasis tristriatus (L. Koch, 1880) – Palau Is.
Cosmophasis trobriand Żabka & Waldock, 2012 – New Guinea
Cosmophasis umbratica Simon, 1903 –
India to Sumatra
Cosmophasis valerieae Prószyński & Deeleman-Reinhold, 2010 – Indonesia (Java, Lesser Sunda Is.)
Cosmophasis viridifasciata (
Doleschall , 1859) – Sumatra to New Guinea
Cosmophasis waeri Hurni-Cranston & Hill, 2020 -
Banda Islands
Cosmophasis weyersi (Simon, 1899) – Sumatra
Cosmophasis xiaolonghaensis Cao & Li, 2016
In 2012, Marek Żabka and Julianne Waldock proposed 5 new species groups, it being the C.thalassina species group, C. bitaeniata species group, C. micarioides species group, C. tristriatus species group, and the C. rakata species group.
[6]
Formerly placed in this genus include:
[7]
References
^ Simon, Eugène (1892).
Histoire naturelle des araignées . Smithsonian Libraries. Paris : Roret. pp. 553–554.
doi :
10.5962/bhl.title.51973 .
LCCN
agr08000137 .
OCLC
1046005797 .
^ Donovan, B.; Hill, D. E. (30 April 2017).
"Report of Cosmophasis feeding on butterfly eggs in Queensland (Araneae: Salticidae: Chrysillini)" . Peckhamia . 149 (1).
eISSN
1944-8120 .
ISSN
2161-8526 .
^ Jerzy Proszynski:
Cosmophasis
^ Nelson, Ximena .J; Jackson, Robert R.; Edwards, G.B.; Barrion, Alberto T. (2006).
"Living with the enemy: jumping spiders that mimic weaver ants" (PDF) . The Journal of Arachnology . 33 (3): 813–819.
doi :
10.1636/S04-12.1 .
S2CID
52000089 .
^ Murphy, John; Murphy, Frances (1 January 2000).
An Introduction to the Spiders of South East Asia . Kuala Lumpur: Malaysian Nature Society.
ISBN
978-9839681178 .
^
a
b Żabka, Marek; Waldock, Julianne (2012).
"Salticidae (Arachnida: Araneae) from oriental, Australian and Pacific Regions. Genus Cosmophasis Simon, 1901" (PDF) .
Annales Zoologici . 62 (1): 115–198.
doi :
10.3161/000345412X633694 .
eISSN
1734-1833 .
ISSN
0003-4541 .
S2CID
84374906 .
^
a
b
"Gen. Cosmophasis Simon, 1901" . World Spider Catalog . Natural History Museum Bern. Retrieved 2021-11-20 .
Further reading
Allan, R.A. & Elgar, M.A. (2001): Exploitation of the green tree ant, Oecophylla smaragdina , by the salticid spider Cosmophasis bitaeniata . Australian Journal of Zoology 49 : 129–137.
Allan, R.A., Capon, R.J., Brown, W.V. & Elgar, M.A. (2002): Mimicry of host cuticular hydrocarbons by salticid spider Cosmophasis bitaeniata that preys on larvae of tree ants Oecophylla smaragdina . Journal of Chemical Ecology 28 : 835–848.
doi :
10.1023/A:1015249012493
Elgar, M.A. & Allan, R.A. (2006): Chemical mimicry of the ant Oecophylla smaragdina by the myrmecophilous spider Cosmophasis bitaeniata : Is it colony-specific? Journal of Ethology 24 (3): 239-246.
doi :
10.1007/s10164-005-0188-9
External links