The inaugural Arctic Ocean Conference was held in
Ilulissat (
Greenland) on 27-29 May 2008. Canada, Denmark, Norway, Russia and the United States discussed key issues relating to the
Arctic Ocean.[1] The meeting was significant because of its plans for environmental regulation, maritime security, mineral exploration, polar oil oversight, and transportation.[2] Before the conclusion of the conference, the attendees announced the
Ilulissat Declaration.[3]
The conference was the first ever held at the ministerial level that included the five regional powers, the
Arctic five.[4] It came at the invitation of
Per Stig Møller, Denmark's Foreign Minister, and
Hans Enoksen, Greenlands Premier in 2007 after several
territorial disputes in the Arctic. States Møller, "We must continue to fulfill our obligations in the
Arctic area until the
UN decides who will have the right to the sea and the resources in the region. We must agree on the rules and what to do if
climate changes make more shipping possible."[5]
Ilulissat's melting
glacier was an appropriate backdrop for the landmark conference.[6]
The key ministry level attendees were:
Canada:
Gary Lunn, Minister for Nature Resources of Canada[7]
The inclusion of some members of the
Arctic Council while excluding others (indigenous peoples,
Finland,
Iceland, and
Sweden) from the conference caused controversy.
Defending Denmark's decision to exclude certain council members, Thomas Winkler, head of Denmark's International Law Department stated, "This meeting in Ilulissat is not a competition to the Arctic Council. The issues that we're going to discuss will be issues that is [sic] the responsibility of the five coastal states of the Arctic Ocean."[10]