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Overview of the events of 1889 in science
The year 1889 in
science and
technology involved some significant events, listed below.
Biology
Chemistry
Earth sciences
History of science
Mathematics
Medicine
Paleontology
Psychology
Technology
January 8 –
Herman Hollerith receives a
patent in the
United States for his electric
tabulating machine .
[8]
March 12 –
Almon B. Strowger , an undertaker in
Topeka, Kansas , files a patent in the United States for an
automatic telephone exchange using the
Strowger switch .
[9]
May 6–October 31 –
Exposition Universelle in
Paris , with the
Eiffel Tower as its entrance arch. At 300 m, the tower's height exceeds the previous
tallest structure in the world by 130 m. The
Galerie des machines , designed by architect
Ferdinand Dutert and engineer
Victor Contamin , at 111 m, spans the longest interior space in the world at this time.
June 3 – The first long distance
electric power transmission line in the United States is completed, running 14 miles (23 km) between a generator at
Willamette Falls and downtown
Portland, Oregon .
An early method of
high-voltage direct current transmission as developed by
Swiss engineer
René Thury
[10] is implemented commercially in
Italy by the Acquedotto de Ferrari-Galliera company, transmitting 630 kW at 14 kV DC over a distance of 120 km.
[11]
[12]
Probable date –
Car to the design of
Siegfried Marcus completed in Vienna.
Awards
Births
January 17 –
Ralph H. Fowler (died
1944 ),
English
physicist and
astronomer .
March 21 –
Frederick Osborn (died
1981 ),
American
philanthropist and
eugenicist .
April 21 –
Paul Karrer (died
1971 ),
Swiss winner of
Nobel Prize in Chemistry .
May 18 –
Thomas Midgley Jr. (died 1944), American
chemist and
inventor .
June 4 –
Beno Gutenberg (died
1960 ),
German -born
seismologist .
June 23 –
Verena Holmes (died
1964 ), English mechanical engineer and inventor.
July 18 –
Axel Boëthius (died
1969 ),
Swedish
archeologist of
Etruscan culture.
July 30 (
O.S. July 17) –
Vladimir K. Zworykin (died
1982 ),
Russian -born pioneer of television technology.
August 1 –
Walter Gerlach (died
1979 ),
German physicist.
August 7 –
Léon Brillouin (died
1969 ),
French physicist.
August 11 –
Ross T. McIntire (died
1960 ), American naval
surgeon .
September 7 –
Mary Barkas (died 1959 or 1961),
New Zealand
psychiatrist .
September 28 –
Hugh Whistler (died
1943 ), English
ornithologist of India.
November 20 –
Edwin Hubble (died
1953 ), American astronomer.
November 24 –
William Justin Kroll (died
1973 ),
Luxembourgish
metallurgist .
December 21 –
Sewall Wright (died
1988 ), American
geneticist .
December 29 –
Vera Fedorovna Gaze (died
1954 ),
Russian astronomer.
John Ryle (died
1950 ), English
physician and
epidemiologist .
Deaths
January 4 –
Mary Philadelphia Merrifield (born
1804 ), English algologist.
February 8 –
Roberto Duarte Silva (born
1837 ), Portuguese chemist.
March 8 –
John Ericsson (born
1803 ), Swedish American mechanical engineer and inventor.
March 16 –
Ernst Wilhelm Leberecht Tempel (born
1821 ), German
astronomer .
March 22 –
Sophia Wilkens (born
1817 ), Swedish pioneer in the education of students with intellectual disability.
April 19 –
Warren De La Rue (born
1815 ),
British astronomical photographer.
June 28 –
Maria Mitchell (born
1818 ), American astronomer.
July 30 –
Miles Joseph Berkeley (born
1803 ), English
botanist .
August 21 (O.S. August 9) – Nikolai Annenkov (born
1819 ), Russian botanist.
October 11 –
James Joule (born 1818), English
physicist .
October 18 –
Antonio Meucci (born
1808 ), Italian American inventor.
References
^ Bulmer, M. G. (2003).
Francis Galton: Pioneer of Heredity and Statistics . pp. 202–203.
^ von Mering, Joseph; Minkowski, Oskar (1889). "Diabetes mellitus nach Pankreasextirpation". Centralblatt für klinische Medicin . 10 (23). Leipzig: 393–394.
^ Vries, H. de (1889). Intracellulare Pangenese . Jena: Verlag von Gustav Fischer. Translated in 1908 from German to English by
C. Stuart Gager as
Intracellular Pangenesis . Chicago: Open Court Publishing Co., 1910.
^
IUPAC ,
Compendium of Chemical Terminology , 2nd ed. (the "Gold Book") (1997). Online corrected version: (2008) "
Arrhenius equation ".
doi :
10.1351/goldbook.A00446
^ Delaney, John.
"Evolution of the Map of Central, East & West Africa" . To the Mountains of the Moon: Mapping African Exploration, 1541-1880 . Princeton University. Archived from
the original on 2008-08-28. Retrieved 2015-08-21 .
^
"Johns Hopkins Medicine: The Four Founding Professors" .
^
Müller-Lyer, F. C. (1889).
"Optische Urteilstäuschungen" . Archiv für Physiologie: Supplement-band : 263–270 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
^
US patent 395782 , Herman Hollerith, "Art of compiling statistics", issued 1889-01-08
^ Hill, Roger B. (March 1953).
"The Early Years of the Strowger System" . Bell Laboratories Record . 31 (3): 95–103. Archived from
the original on 2011-10-25. Retrieved 2011-11-03 .
^ Beaty, Donald; et al. (1978). Standard Handbook for Electrical Engineers (11th ed.). McGraw Hill.
^
"History of Electrical Systems and Cables" . 2012-01-23.
^ Black, R. M. (1983). The History of Electric Wires and Cables . London: Peter Perigrinus. pp. 94–96.
ISBN
0-86341-001-4 .
^
"Copley Medal | British scientific award" . Encyclopedia Britannica . Retrieved 23 July 2020 .