The year 1801 in
science and
technology involved some significant events, listed below.
Astronomy
January 1 – Italian astronomer
Giuseppe Piazzi makes the first discovery of an
asteroid,
Ceres, which is briefly considered to be the eighth planet.[1]
July 11 – French astronomer
Jean-Louis Pons makes the first of his 37
comet discoveries.
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck publishes Système des animaux sans vertèbres in
Paris, a major work on the classification of the group of animals he is the first to describe as
invertebrates. He is also first to separate the classes of
arachnids and
crustaceans from
insects.
Philippe Pinel publishes Traité médico-philosophique sur l'aliénation mentale; ou la manie, presenting his enlightened humane psychological approach to the management of
psychiatric hospitals. Translated into English by
D. D. Davis as Treatise on Insanity in 1806, it is influential on both sides of the Atlantic during the 19th century.[4]
Antonio Scarpa publishes Saggio di osservazioni e d'esperienze sulle principali malattie degli occhi, earning him the title "father of
Italianophthalmology".[5]
Joseph-Marie Jacquard develops the
Jacquard Loom, in which holes strategically punched in a pasteboard card direct the movement of needles, thread, and fabric.
^Foderà Serio, G.; Manara, A.; Sicoli, P. (2002). "Giuseppe Piazzi and the Discovery of Ceres". In Bottke, W. F. Jr.; Cellino, A.; Paolicchi, P.; Binzel, R. P. (eds.).
Asteroids III(PDF). Tucson: University of Arizona Press. pp. 17–24. Archived from
the original(PDF) on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 8 October 2007.
^Everett, Jason M., ed. (2006). "1801". The People's Chronology. Thomson Gale.
^Hermann, Armin (1987). "Unity and metamorphosis of forces (1800–1850): Schelling, Oersted and Faraday". In Doncel, M. G.; Hermann, A.; Michel, L.; Pais, A. (eds.). Symmetries in Physics (1600–1980). Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. pp. 51–62.
^Frercksa, Jan; Weberb, Heiko; Wiesenfeldt, Gerhard (2009). "Reception and discovery: the nature of Johann Wilhelm Ritter's invisible rays". Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A. 40 (2): 143–156.
^Van Dusen, Albert E. (2003).
"Eli Whitney". Laptop Encyclopedia of Connecticut History. CTHeritage.org. Retrieved 2011-12-24.