Piro is a
Maipurean language spoken in
Peru. It belongs to the Piro group which also includes
Iñapari (†) and
Apurinã. The principal variety is Yine. The
Manchineri who live in
Brazil (
Acre) and reportedly also in
Bolivia speak what may be a dialect of Yine (Aikhenvald, Kaufman). A vocabulary labeled Canamaré is "so close to Piro [Yine] as to count as Piro", but has been a cause of confusion with the unrelated
Kanamarí language.[2]
Names
This language is also called Contaquiro, Pira, Piro, Pirro, Simiranch, or Simirinche. Cushichineri has been reported as a language, but is actually a family name used with Whites (Matteson 1965). The name Mashco has sometimes been incorrectly applied to the Yine. (See
Mashco Piro.)
As of 2000, essentially all of the 4,000 ethnic
Yine people speak the language. They live in the
Ucayali and
Cusco Departments, near the
Ucayali River, and near the
Madre de Dios River in the
Madre de Dios Region in
Peru. Literacy is comparatively high. A dictionary has been published in the language and the language is taught alongside
Spanish in some Yine schools. There are also a thousand speakers of Machinere.[1]
^Aikhenvald, "Arawak", in Dixon & Aikhenvald, eds., The Amazonian Languages, 1999.
Further reading
Sebastián, Rittma Urquía and Marlett, Stephen A. (2008).
"Yine". Illustrations of the IPA. Journal of the International Phonetic Association. 38 (3): 365–369.
doi:10.1017/S0025100308003356{{
cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
link), with supplementary sound recordings.
References
Campbell, Lyle (1997). American Indian languages: the historical linguistics of Native America. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Matteson, Esther. (1965). The Piro (Arawakan) language. University of California Publications in Linguistics, 42. Berkeley y Los Angeles: University of California Press. (Es la tesis para doctorado presentada en 1963 a la University of California, Los Angeles.)
Nies, Joyce, compilador. (1986). Diccionario piro (Tokanchi gikshijikowaka-steno). Serie Lingüística Peruana, 22. Yarinacocha: Ministerio de Educación and Instituto Lingüístico de Verano.
Parker, Stephen. (1989). "Un análisis métrico del acento en el piro". Estudios etno-lingüísticos, Stephen Parker (ed.), pp. 114–125. Documento de trabajo 21. Yarinacocha, Pucallpa: Ministerio de Educación e Instituto Lingüístico de Verano.
Solís Fonseca, Gustavo. (2003). Lenguas en la amazonía peruana. Lima: edición por demanda.
Urquía Sebastián, Rittma (2006). "La situación sociolingüística de la lengua yine en 2006". Situaciones sociolingüísticas de lenguas amerindias, ed. Stephen A. Marlett. Lima: SIL International and Universidad Ricardo Palma.
[1]. {{
cite book}}: External link in |publisher= (
help)
Urquía Sebastián, Rittma; Marlett, Stephen A. (2008).
"Yine". Journal of the International Phonetic Association. 38 (3): 365–369.
doi:10.1017/S0025100308003356.