From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Geological formation in Yunnan, China
The Xitun Formation is a
palaeontological formation which is named after Xitun village in
Qujing, a location in
South China. This formation includes many remains of fossilized fish and plants of the
Early Devonian
period (Late
Lochkovian).
[1]
[2] It was originally referred to as the Xitun Member of the Cuifengshan Formation (now the
Cuifengshan Group).
[3]
Fossil content
|
|
|
Color key
|
|
Notes Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; crossed out taxa are discredited.
|
Vertebrates
Acanthodians
Acanthodians reported from the Xitun Formation
|
Genus |
Species |
Presence
|
Material |
Notes |
Images
|
Ischnacanthidae
|
Genus indet.
|
Qujing.
[3]
|
4 isolated scales (V7218.1, 3, 6 & 8) & 2 longitudinal sections (V7218.4 & 7).
[3]
|
Similar to
Ischnacanthus &
Acanthodes, may be referrable to
Youngacanthus.
|
|
Nostolepis
|
N. amplifica
|
Xitun, Xishan subdistrict,
Qujing.
[4]
|
43 trunk scales.
[4]
|
|
|
N. consueta
|
Xitun, Xishan subdistrict,
Qujing.
[4]
|
Around 25 trunk scales.
[4]
|
|
|
N. digitus
|
Xitun , Xishan subdistrict,
Qujing.
[4]
|
28 trunk scales.
[4]
|
|
|
N. qujingensis
|
Xitun, Xishan subdistrict,
Qujing.
[4]
|
19 trunk scales.
[4]
|
|
|
N. striata
|
Xitun, Xishan subdistrict,
Qujing.
[4]
|
69 trunk scales.
[4]
|
|
|
N. sp. indet.
|
Qujing.
[3]
|
Body scales.
[3]
|
|
|
Youngacanthus
|
Y. gracilis
|
Qujing.
[3]
|
Jaw elements & teeth.
[3]
|
An
ischnacanthid.
|
|
Actinopterygians
Chondrichthyes
Jawless fish
Placoderms
Sarcopterygians
Plants
See also
References
- ^
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
i
j
k
l
m
n
o
p
q
r
s
t Zhu, Min (1996-01-01).
"The phylogeny of the Antiarcha (Placodermi, Pisces), with the description of Early Devonian antiarchs from Qujing, Yunnan, China". Bull. Mus. Nat. Hist. Natur., Sér.
- ^
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
i
j
k Xue, Jinzhuang (March 2012).
"Lochkovian plants from the Xitun Formation of Yunnan, China, and their palaeophytogeographical significance". Geological Magazine. 149 (2): 333–344.
Bibcode:
2012GeoM..149..333X.
doi:
10.1017/S001675681100077X.
ISSN
0016-7568.
S2CID
129280508.
- ^
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
i
j
k
l
m
n
o
p
q Wang, Nianzhong.; Wang, Nianzhong (1984).
"Thelodont, acanthodian, and chondrichthyan fossils from the Lower Devonian of southwestern China". Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales. 107: 419–441.
ISSN
0370-047X.
- ^
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
i
j Li, Qiang; Cui, Xindong; Andreev, Plamen Stanislavov; Zhao, Wenjin; Wang, Jianhua; Peng, Lijian; Zhu, Min (2021-05-07).
"Nostolepis scale remains (stem Chondrichthyes) from the Lower Devonian of Qujing, Yunnan, China". PeerJ. 9: e11093.
doi:
10.7717/peerj.11093.
ISSN
2167-8359.
PMC
8109008.
PMID
34012725.
-
^ Zhu, Min.
"Meemannia eos, a basal sarcopterygian fish from the Lower Devonian of China – expanded description and significance". Academia.
-
^ Lu, Jing; Giles, Sam; Friedman, Matt; den Blaauwen, Jan L.; Zhu, Min (2016-06-20).
"The Oldest Actinopterygian Highlights the Cryptic Early History of the Hyperdiverse Ray-Finned Fishes". Current Biology. 26 (12): 1602–1608.
doi:
10.1016/j.cub.2016.04.045.
ISSN
0960-9822.
PMID
27212403.
S2CID
3928790.
- ^
a
b Cui, Xindong; Qu, Qingming; Andreev, Plamen S.; Li, Qiang; Mai, Huijuan; Zhu, Min (2021-03-04).
"Modeling scale morphogenesis in a Devonian chondrichthyan and scale growth patterns in crown gnathostomes". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 41 (2): e1930018.
Bibcode:
2021JVPal..41E0018C.
doi:
10.1080/02724634.2021.1930018.
ISSN
0272-4634.
S2CID
237517966.
- ^
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
i
j
k
l
m
n Xin-Dong, C. U. I.; Qiang, L. I.; Min, Z. H. U.; Min, Z. H. U. (2020-01-20).
"New material of thelodonts from Lochkovian (Lower Devonian) of Qujing, Yunnan, China". Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 58 (1): 1.
doi:
10.19615/j.cnki.1000-3118.190612.
ISSN
2096-9899.
- ^
a
b Hao-Ran, Sun; Gai, Zhikun; Jia-Chen, Cai; Qiang, L I (April 2022).
"Xitunaspis, a new eugaleaspid fish (Eugaleaspiformes, Galeaspida) from the Lower Devonian of Qujing, Yunnan". Vertebrata PalAsiatica.
doi:
10.19615/j.cnki.2096-9899.220412.
- ^
a
b
c Jun-Qing, Wang (1991-04-19).
"Discovery of asterosteidae from Lower Devonian in Eastern Yuannan". Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 29 (2): 162.
ISSN
2096-9899.
- ^
a
b Dupret, V.; Zhu, M. (30 November 2007).
"The earliest phyllolepid (Placodermi, Arthrodira) from the Late Lochkovian (Early Devonian) of Yunnan (South China)". Geological Magazine. 145 (2): 257–278.
doi:
10.1017/S0016756807004207.
ISSN
1469-5081.
S2CID
129360262.
-
^ Zhu, Min; Yu, Xiaobo; Choo, Brian; Wang, Junqing; Jia, Liantao (2012-06-23).
"An antiarch placoderm shows that pelvic girdles arose at the root of jawed vertebrates". Biology Letters. 8 (3): 453–456.
doi:
10.1098/rsbl.2011.1033.
PMC
3367742.
PMID
22219394.
- ^
a
b Wang, Yajing; Zhu, Min (2018-05-28).
"Redescription of Phymolepis cuifengshanensis (Antiarcha: Yunnanolepididae) using high-resolution computed tomography and new insights into anatomical details of the endocranium in antiarchs". PeerJ. 6: e4808.
doi:
10.7717/peerj.4808.
ISSN
2167-8359.
PMC
5978403.
PMID
29868260.
- ^
a
b
c
d Dupret, Vincent; Zhu, Min; Wang, Jun-Qing (2017-03-04).
"Redescription of Szelepis Liu, 1981 (Placodermi, Arthrodira), from the Lower Devonian of China". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 37 (2): e1312422.
Bibcode:
2017JVPal..37E2422D.
doi:
10.1080/02724634.2017.1312422.
ISSN
0272-4634.
S2CID
90912807.
- ^
a
b Zhu, Min; Yu, Xiaobo; Ahlberg, Per E. (2001).
"A primitive sarcopterygian fish with an eyestalk". Nature. 410 (6824): 81–84.
doi:
10.1038/35065078.
ISSN
0028-0836.
PMID
11242045.
S2CID
4416579.
- ^
a
b
Chang, Meemann; Yu, Xiaobo (January 1984).
"Structure and phylogenetic significance of Diabolichthys speratus gen. et sp. nov., a new dipnoan-like form from the Lower Devonian of eastern Yunnan, China". Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales. 107 (3): 171–184.
-
^
Chang, Meemann (January 1995).
"Diabolepis and its bearing on the relationships between porolepiforms and dipnoans". Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Section C. 17 (1): 235–268.
- ^
a
b Yu, Xiaobo (1998).
"A New Porolepiform-Like Fish, Psarolepis romeri, gen. et sp. nov. (Sarcopterygii, Osteichthyes) from the Lower Devonian of Yunnan, China". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 18 (2): 261–274.
Bibcode:
1998JVPal..18..261Y.
doi:
10.1080/02724634.1998.10011055.
ISSN
0272-4634.
JSTOR
4523897.
- ^
a
b Zhu, Min; Yu, Xiaobo (September 2002).
"A primitive fish close to the common ancestor of tetrapods and lungfish". Nature. 418 (6899): 767–770.
Bibcode:
2002Natur.418..767Z.
doi:
10.1038/nature00871.
ISSN
1476-4687.
PMID
12181564.
S2CID
4389974.
-
^ Friedman, Matt (January 2007).
"Styloichthys as the oldest coelacanth: Implications for early osteichthyan interrelationships". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 5 (3): 289–343.
Bibcode:
2007JSPal...5..289F.
doi:
10.1017/S1477201907002052.
ISSN
1477-2019.
S2CID
83712134.
-
^ Cui, Xindong; Friedman, Matt; Qiao, Tuo; Yu, Yilun; Zhu, Min (2022-05-02).
"The rapid evolution of lungfish durophagy". Nature Communications. 13 (1): 2390.
Bibcode:
2022NatCo..13.2390C.
doi:
10.1038/s41467-022-30091-3.
ISSN
2041-1723.
PMC
9061808.
PMID
35501345.
S2CID
248504614.
- ^
a
b Xue, Jinzhuang (2009-06-10).
"Two Zosterophyll Plants from the Lower Devonian (Lochkovian) Xitun Formation of Northeastern Yunnan, China". Acta Geologica Sinica - English Edition. 83 (3): 504–512.
Bibcode:
2009AcGlS..83..504X.
doi:
10.1111/j.1755-6724.2009.00057.x.
S2CID
131021391.
- ^
a
b Hao, Shougang; Xue, Jinzhuang; Guo, Dali; Wang, Deming (January 2010).
"Earliest rooting system and root : shoot ratio from a new Zosterophyllum plant". New Phytologist. 185 (1): 217–225.
doi:
10.1111/j.1469-8137.2009.03056.x.
ISSN
0028-646X.
PMID
19825018.
S2CID
5638825.