Winter sports in the United States are popular, both professionally and recreationally. Most sports activity on ice and snow takes place in the northern half of the country, but indoor facilities, simulators and artificial surfaces enable participation in all geographic areas.
The US has about 2000 ice rinks for skating sports. Ski touring, cross-country skiing, and snowshoeing opportunities exist wherever there is sufficient snow cover on public access land, such as National Forests, state parks, and municipal parks. [1] The US has over 135,000 miles of snowmobile trails.
Compared to 2022, total winter sports participation grew by 22% in 2023. [2] Snow sports generated over $20 billion for the US economy in 2016. [3]
Once popular only in "the upper midwest and small pockets of New England", curling is gradually making inroads in the rest of the country. [4]
The governing body of figure skating competition in the United States is US Figure Skating. There are over 186,000 competitors as of 2020. Figure skating competition is a popular televised sport in the US. [5]
Twenty-four of the thirty-one professional National Hockey League teams are based in the United States, the other seven in Canada.
USA Hockey is the national ice hockey organization in the United States. In the 2022-23 season, USA Hockey had 556,186 registered hockey players.
Skiing in the US is a multi-billion dollar industry of growing popularity, with over 11 million recreational snow sports participants in the winter of 2022–23. [6] Annual reported totals of the skiing population vary somewhat with the quality and length of the ski season, which averages 106 days. Most popular are the regions of the Rocky Mountains, the Northeast and the Sierra Nevada/Cascade Mountains.
There are 480 alpine ski areas, [7] around 1,000 cross-country ski areas and 22 ski jumping hills in the US. There are 7 states which offer backcountry snowcat and heli-ski opportunities. The largest resorts see more than 85% of skier visits. More than 85% of alpine ski areas use snowmaking to some extent. Between 2008 and 2013, US ski resorts experienced annual revenues of about $3 billion.
National organizations include U.S. Ski & Snowboard, United States Collegiate Ski and Snowboard Association, National Ski Council Federation, National Ski Patrol, Professional Ski Instructors of America, Snowsports Industries America (SIA), National Ski Areas Association (NSAA), and National Ski & Snowboard Retailers Association.
Historically, the United States has only had limited success in bobsledding at the Olympics. [8] USA Bobsled is the governing body for bobsledding in the United States. [9] [10]
Kaillie Humphries is one the most successful bobsledders for the United States. [11]
Snowboarding was once a popular and trendy sport among the youth of America in the 1990s and 2000s, but has declined in popularity since the early 2010s due to the expense of the sport. [12] [13] [14] [15] [16]
Recreational snowmobiling in the US began in the 1950s and by 2010 had from 3-4 million participants. [17] Annual World Championship Snowmobile Derby and World Championship Snowmobile Hill Climb competitions are held.
Snowmobile trails can be found in 27 states. A national organization is the American Council of Snowmobile Associations (ACSA).
The United States Snowshoe Association (USSSA) was founded in 1977 to serve as a governing body for competitive snowshoeing. Since 2001 they have held annual National Championships in February. Since 2019, participation in snowshoeing is up 12%. [18]
The United States is a traditional powerhouse in the Winter Olympics. [19] [20] However, the 2018 Winter Olympics saw the country's worst performance in terms of medals in 20 years. [21] [22]
In 2022, winter sports had over 30 million US participants. Outdoor Foundation reports that 8 million people participated in cross-country skiing, snowshoeing, or telemark skiing in the 2012-2013 winter season. [23]
Winter sports are underrepresented by ethnic minorities due to the fact that such sports are expensive to play. [24] [25] [26] [27] [28] [29] In an effort to broaden participation, the Share Winter Foundation and its partners aim to share winter with 100,000 youth by 2028. [30]