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The
Center for Countering Digital Hate has researched the activities of individuals and websites responsible for the spread of
hate and
misinformation with the stated purpose of stopping the spread of
online hate speech and
disinformation .
[1]
The Disinformation Dozen
The
Center for Countering Digital Hate has identified the top 12 spreaders of
anti-vaccine disinformation on social media platforms and labeled them "The Disinformation Dozen":
[2]
[3]
Joseph Mercola – American alternative medicine proponent and purveyor of anti-vaccination misinformation
Robert F. Kennedy, Jr. – American attorney and anti-vaccine activist (born 1954)Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
Ty and Charlene Bollinger – American alternative medicine advocate
Sherri Tenpenny – Anti-vaccination activist
Rizza Islam – Nation of Islam social media influencer, anti-vaccination activist
Rashid Buttar – American conspiracy theorist (1966–2023)
Erin Elizabeth – American alternative medicine proponent and purveyor of anti-vaccination misinformation
Sayer Ji – Alternative medicine advocate and COVID misinformation promoter (born 1972)
Kelly Brogan – American psychiatrist and alternative medicine practitioner
Christiane Northrup – Obstetrician-gynecologist who promotes anti vaccine and medical pseudoscience
Ben Tapper – American anti-vaccine
chiropractor
[4]
Kevin Jenkins – American conspiracy theorist
The Toxic Ten
The
Center for Countering Digital Hate has described "how ten fringe publishers fuel 69% of digital
climate change denial " and labeled them "The Toxic Ten":
[5]
[6]
References
^
"About" .
Center for Countering Digital Hate . Retrieved February 2, 2024 .
^
"The Disinformation Dozen: Why platforms must act on twelve leading online anti-vaxxers" .
Center for Countering Digital Hate . March 2, 2021. Retrieved April 9, 2024 .
^ Jarry, Jonathan (March 31, 2021).
"A Dozen Misguided Influencers Spread Most of the Anti-Vaccination Content on Social Media" .
Office for Science and Society . Retrieved April 9, 2024 .
^ Catalini, Mike; Smith, Michelle R.; Bauer, Scott (October 8, 2021).
"Anti-vaccine chiropractors rising force of misinformation" .
Associated Press . Retrieved April 9, 2024 .
^
"The Toxic Ten: How ten fringe publishers fuel 69% of digital climate change denial" .
Center for Countering Digital Hate . November 2, 2021. Retrieved April 9, 2024 .
^ Porterfield, Carlie (November 2, 2021).
"Breitbart Leads Climate Change Misinformation On Facebook, Study Says" .
Forbes . Retrieved November 3, 2021 .
^ Silverman, Craig; Grygiel, Jennifer (July 11, 2019).
"The Patriot Post Is The Biggest Mystery In Conservative Media" .
BuzzFeed News . Retrieved April 9, 2024 .