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| Clinical data | |
|---|---|
| Trade names | Droxia, Hydrea, Siklos, others |
| Other names | Hydroxyurea ( USAN US) |
| AHFS/ Drugs.com | Monograph |
| MedlinePlus | a682004 |
| License data |
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Pregnancy category |
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Routes of administration | By mouth |
| Legal status | |
| Legal status | |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Metabolism | Liver (to CO2 and urea) |
| Elimination half-life | 2–4 hours |
| Excretion | Kidney and lungs |
| Identifiers | |
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| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | CH4N2O2 |
| Molar mass | 76.055 g·mol−1 |
| 3D model ( JSmol) | |
| Melting point | 133 to 136 °C (271 to 277 °F) |
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Hydroxycarbamide, also known as hydroxyurea, is a medication used in sickle-cell disease, chronic myelogenous leukemia, cervical cancer, and polycythemia vera. [1] [2] In sickle-cell disease it increases fetal hemoglobin and decreases the number of attacks. [1] It is taken by mouth. [1]
Common side effects include bone marrow suppression, fevers, loss of appetite, psychiatric problems, shortness of breath, and headaches. [1] [2] There is also concern that it increases the risk of later cancers. [1] Use during pregnancy is typically harmful to the baby. [1] Hydroxycarbamide is in the antineoplastic family of medications. [1] It is believed to work by blocking the making of DNA. [1]
Hydroxycarbamide was approved for medical use in the United States in 1967. [1] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. [4] Hydroxycarbamide is available as a generic medication. [1] The wholesale cost in the developing world is about US$0.35–0.47 per day. [5] In the United States it costs less than $25 a month. [6]
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "Hydroxyurea". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 21 December 2016. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
- ^ a b c d "Hydrea 500 mg Hard Capsules – Summary of Product Characteristics (SPC) – (eMC)". www.medicines.org.uk. Archived from the original on 20 December 2016. Retrieved 14 December 2016.
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^ Cite error: The named reference
whowas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl: 10665/325771. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
- ^ "Hydroxycarbamide". International Drug Price Indicator Guide. Archived from the original on 22 January 2018. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
- ^ Hamilton, Richart (2015). Tarascon Pocket Pharmacopoeia 2015 Deluxe Lab-Coat Edition. Jones & Bartlett Learning. p. 295. ISBN 9781284057560.