From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Timothy John Mitchison
FRS is a
cell biologist and
systems biologist and
Hasib Sabbagh Professor of Systems Biology at
Harvard Medical School in the United States.
[6]
[7]
[8] He is known for his discovery, with
Marc Kirschner , of dynamic instability in microtubules,
[9]
[10] for studies of the mechanism of cell division, and for contributions to
chemical biology .
[11]
Mitchison was educated at
Haberdashers' Aske's Boys' School and completed his Bachelor of Arts degree in
Biochemistry at the
University of Oxford where he was an undergraduate student of
Merton College, Oxford , from 1976 to 1979. He moved to the
University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) in 1979 for his PhD which was supervised by
Marc Kirschner
[12] and investigated the dynamic instability of
microtubules .
[12]
[13]
Mitchison returned to the UK for
postdoctoral research at the
National Institute for Medical Research (NIMR) in London.[
when? ] In 1988 he returned to San Francisco where he was appointed assistant professor at UCSF.
[14] In 1994 he wrote an opinion piece for the journal Chemistry & Biology titled "Towards a pharmacological genetics" which helped to launch the field of
chemical genetics .
[11] In 1997 he moved to
Harvard University to become co-director of the Institute for Chemistry and Cell Biology at
Harvard Medical School ,
[14] where he pioneered phenotype-based screening,
[15] discovering the small molecule
monastrol – the first small-molecule inhibitor of
mitosis that does not target
tubulin .
Monastrol was shown to inhibit
kinesin-5 , a motor protein. In 2003 he became Deputy Chair of the newly formed Department of Systems Biology, chaired by
Marc Kirschner .
[16]
[17] He works on aspects of mesoscale biology
[18] including the self-organization of the cytoskeleton
[19]
[20] and of cytoplasm.
[21]
[22] He collaborates extensively with
Christine Field on the mechanism of
cytokinesis .
[23]
[24]
[25]
Mitchison was elected
Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 1997 for “substantial contributions to the improvement of natural knowledge”
[26] and served as president of the
American Society for Cell Biology (ASCB) in 2010.
[27] He was elected a member of the
National Academy of Sciences of the United States in 2014
[14] and delivered the
Keith R. Porter Lecture in 2013.
Mitchison is married to scientist
Christine M. Field with whom he has two children.
[7] Mitchison comes from a family of distinguished biologists; his father is
Avrion Mitchison ,
[6] his uncles are
Denis Mitchison [
citation needed ] and
Murdoch Mitchison ,
[6] his great uncle was
J.B.S. Haldane
[6] and his great-grandfather
John Scott Haldane . His grandparents were the politician
Dick Mitchison
[28] and the writer
Naomi Mitchison (née Haldane).
[28] His younger sister Hannah M. Mitchison is also a biologist.
[29]
^
"Tim Mitchison (Harvard) Part 1: Self-organization of microtubule assemblies" .
Archived from the original on 13 December 2021 – via YouTube.
^
"Cell Biology Tree - Timothy J. Mitchison" . academictree.org .
^ Mitchison, T. J. (2013).
"A question of taste" . Molecular Biology of the Cell . 24 (21): 3278–3280.
doi :
10.1091/mbc.e13-07-0410 .
ISSN
1059-1524 .
PMC
3814136 .
PMID
24174461 .
^
"Profile" (PDF) . ascb.org .
^
"Timothy Mitchison" . Harvard Magazine . 1 November 2003. Retrieved 9 February 2019 .
^
a
b
c
d Wells, William (1997).
"Tim Mitchison: Dynamic productivity" . Current Biology . 7 (11): R666–R667.
doi :
10.1016/S0960-9822(06)00346-0 .
PMID
9382812 .
^
a
b
"Timothy Mitchison" . November 2003.
^ Ishihara, K.; Nguyen, P. A.; Wuhr, M.; Groen, A. C.; Field, C. M.; Mitchison, T. J. (2014).
"Organization of early frog embryos by chemical waves emanating from centrosomes" . Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences . 369 (1650): 20130454.
doi :
10.1098/rstb.2013.0454 .
ISSN
0962-8436 .
PMC
4113098 .
PMID
25047608 .
^ Lewin, Ben (2007).
"Great Experiments: Dynamic Instability of Microtubules - Marc Kirschner and Tim Mitchison" . Archived from
the original on 17 October 2013. Retrieved 9 February 2019 .
^
"Milestone 14 : Nature Milestones in Cytoskeleton" . Nature . Retrieved 9 February 2019 .
^
a
b Mitchison, T. J. (1994). "Towards a pharmacological genetics". Chemistry & Biology . 1 (1): 3–6.
doi :
10.1016/1074-5521(94)90034-5 .
ISSN
1074-5521 .
PMID
9383364 .
^
a
b Mitchison, Timothy John (1984). Structure and Dynamics of Organized Microtubule Arrays (PhD thesis). University of California, San Francisco.
OCLC
1020493513 .
ProQuest
303337748 .
^ Mitchison, Tim; Kirschner, Marc (1984). "Dynamic instability of microtubule growth". Nature . 312 (5991): 237–242.
Bibcode :
1984Natur.312..237M .
doi :
10.1038/312237a0 .
ISSN
0028-0836 .
PMID
6504138 .
S2CID
30079133 .
^
a
b
c
"Timothy Mitchison" . nasonline.org .
^ Mayer, T. U.; Kapoor, T. M.; Haggarty, S. J.; King, R. W.; Schreiber, S. L.; Mitchison, T. J. (29 October 1999).
"Small molecule inhibitor of mitotic spindle bipolarity identified in a phenotype-based screen" (PDF) . Science . 286 (5441): 971–974.
doi :
10.1126/science.286.5441.971 .
ISSN
0036-8075 .
PMID
10542155 .
^
"HMS launches new department to study systems biology" . Harvard Gazette . 25 September 2003. Retrieved 9 February 2019 .
^ Check, Erika (2 October 2003).
"Harvard heralds fresh take on systems biology" . Nature . 425 (6957): 439.
Bibcode :
2003Natur.425..439C .
doi :
10.1038/425439a .
ISSN
1476-4687 .
PMID
14523408 .
^ Sear, Richard P.; Pagonabarraga, Ignacio; Flaus, Andrew (25 February 2015).
"Life at the mesoscale: the self-organised cytoplasm and nucleoplasm" . BMC Biophysics . 8 (1): 4.
doi :
10.1186/s13628-015-0018-6 .
ISSN
2046-1682 .
PMC
4374369 .
PMID
25815164 .
^ Mitchison, T. J. (29 April 1992). "Self-organization of polymer-motor systems in the cytoskeleton". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences . 336 (1276): 99–106.
Bibcode :
1992RSPTB.336...99M .
doi :
10.1098/rstb.1992.0049 .
ISSN
0962-8436 .
PMID
1351302 .
^ Ishihara, Keisuke; Nguyen, Phuong A.; Wühr, Martin; Groen, Aaron C.; Field, Christine M.; Mitchison, Timothy J. (5 September 2014).
"Organization of early frog embryos by chemical waves emanating from centrosomes" . Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences . 369 (1650): 20130454.
doi :
10.1098/rstb.2013.0454 .
ISSN
1471-2970 .
PMC
4113098 .
PMID
25047608 .
^ Mitchison, Timothy J. (15 November 2010).
"Remaining mysteries of the cytoplasm" . Molecular Biology of the Cell . 21 (22): 3811–3812.
doi :
10.1091/mbc.E10-02-0084 .
ISSN
1939-4586 .
PMC
2982103 .
PMID
21079024 .
^ Boke, Elvan; Ruer, Martine; Wühr, Martin; Coughlin, Margaret; Lemaitre, Regis; Gygi, Steven P.; Alberti, Simon; Drechsel, David; Hyman, Anthony A.; Mitchison, Timothy J. (28 July 2016).
"Amyloid-like Self-Assembly of a Cellular Compartment" . Cell . 166 (3): 637–650.
doi :
10.1016/j.cell.2016.06.051 .
ISSN
1097-4172 .
PMC
5082712 .
PMID
27471966 .
^ Eggert, Ulrike S.; Mitchison, Timothy J.; Field, Christine M. (2006). "Animal Cytokinesis: From Parts List to Mechanisms". Annual Review of Biochemistry . 75 (1): 543–566.
doi :
10.1146/annurev.biochem.74.082803.133425 .
PMID
16756502 .
^ Eggert, Ulrike S.; Kiger, Amy A.; Richter, Constance; Perlman, Zachary E.; Perrimon, Norbert; Mitchison, Timothy J.; Field, Christine M. (2004).
"Parallel chemical genetic and genome-wide RNAi screens identify cytokinesis inhibitors and targets" . PLOS Biology . 2 (12): e379.
doi :
10.1371/journal.pbio.0020379 .
ISSN
1545-7885 .
PMC
528723 .
PMID
15547975 .
^ Nguyen, Phuong A.; Groen, Aaron C.; Loose, Martin; Ishihara, Keisuke; Wühr, Martin; Field, Christine M.; Mitchison, Timothy J. (10 October 2014).
"Spatial organization of cytokinesis signaling reconstituted in a cell-free system" . Science . 346 (6206): 244–247.
Bibcode :
2014Sci...346..244N .
doi :
10.1126/science.1256773 .
ISSN
1095-9203 .
PMC
4281018 .
PMID
25301629 .
^ Anon (1997).
"Professor Timothy Mitchison FRS" . royalsociety . London:
Royal Society . One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from the royalsociety.org website where: “All text published under the heading 'Biography' on Fellow profile pages is available under
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License .” --
Royal Society Terms, conditions and policies at the
Wayback Machine (archived 2016-11-11)
^
"ASCB Presidents" . ASCB . Retrieved 9 February 2019 .
^
a
b
"Obituary: Naomi Mitchison" . The Independent . 13 January 1999.
Archived from the original on 7 May 2022. Retrieved 9 February 2019 .
^ Elmeshad, Sarah (2018). "Gene mutation identified in PCD, rare disease". Nature Middle East .
doi :
10.1038/nmiddleeast.2018.62 .
S2CID
90633419 .
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