A PubMed search shows there has been a fair bit of publishing activity since this article was last significantly updated. Here are some of the papers that could be used as sources or make interesting reading for understanding the issues. I've got copies of the papers that are indented and those that are free online. I need to get hold of others.
Lots of papers from J Child Neurol. May 2013, and I might not have listed them all:
Masino SA, Ruskin DN. Ketogenic Diets and Pain. J Child Neurol. 2013 May 16.
doi:
10.1177/0883073813487595. PMID 23680946
Cross JH. New Research With Diets and Epilepsy. J Child Neurol. 2013 May 16.
doi:
10.1177/0883073813487593. PMID 23680944
Danial NN, Hartman AL, Stafstrom CE, Thio LL. How Does the Ketogenic Diet Work?: Four Potential Mechanisms. J Child Neurol. 2013 May 13.
doi:
10.1177/0883073813487598. PMID 23670253
Zupec-Kania B, Neal E, Schultz R, Roan ME, Turner Z, Welborn M. An Update on Diets in Clinical Practice. J Child Neurol. 2013 May 14.
doi:
10.1177/0883073813487597. PMID 23674231
Maroon J, Bost J, Amos A, Zuccoli G. Restricted Calorie Ketogenic Diet for the Treatment of Glioblastoma Multiforme. J Child Neurol. 2013 May 13.
doi:
10.1177/0883073813488670. PMID 23670248
Cervenka MC, Henry B, Nathan J, Wood S, Volek JS. Worldwide Dietary Therapies for Adults With Epilepsy and Other Disorders. J Child Neurol. 2013 May 13.
doi:
10.1177/0883073813488671. PMID 23670244
Klepper J, Leiendecker B. Glut1 Deficiency Syndrome and Novel Ketogenic Diets. J Child Neurol. 2013 May 10.
doi:
10.1177/0883073813487600. PMID 23666044
Paganoni S, Wills AM. High-Fat and Ketogenic Diets in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. J Child Neurol. 2013 May 10.
doi:
10.1177/0883073813488669. PMID 23666040
Herbert MR, Buckley JA. Autism and Dietary Therapy: Case Report and Review of the Literature. J Child Neurol. 2013 May 10.
doi:
10.1177/0883073813488668. PMID 23666039
Thiele EA. Implications of Dietary Therapy Into the 21st Century: Conclusion to Special Issue. J Child Neurol. 2013 May 10.
doi:
10.1177/0883073813488827. PMID 23666037
Laux L, Blackford R. The Ketogenic Diet in Dravet Syndrome. J Child Neurol. 2013 May 7.
doi:
10.1177/0883073813487599. PMID 23653425
Abrahams J. Reason for Optimism: A Parent's Perspective. J Child Neurol. 2013 May 7.
doi:
10.1177/0883073813487602. PMID 23653424
Kossoff EH, Nabbout R. Use of Dietary Therapy for Status Epilepticus. J Child Neurol. 2013 May 1.
doi:
10.1177/0883073813487601. PMID 23640913
Glauser TA, Loddenkemper T. Management of childhood epilepsy. Continuum (Minneap Minn). 2013 Jun;19(3 Epilepsy):656-81.
doi:
10.1212/01.CON.0000431381.29308.85. PMID 23739103
Kossoff EH, Henry BJ, Cervenka MC. Transitioning pediatric patients receiving ketogenic diets for epilepsy into adulthood. Seizure. 2013 Apr 6.
doi:
10.1016/j.seizure.2013.03.005. PMID 23571095
El-Rashidy OF, Nassar MF, Abdel-Hamid IA, Shatla RH, Abdel-Hamid MH, Gabr SS, Mohamed SG, El-Sayed WS, Shaaban SY. Modified Atkins diet vs classic ketogenic formula in intractable epilepsy. Acta Neurol Scand. 2013 May 16.
doi:
10.1111/ane.12137. PMID 23679058.
Cross JH, Kluger G, Lagae L. Advancing the management of childhood epilepsies. Eur J Paediatr Neurol. 2013 Jul;17(4):334-47.
doi:
10.1016/j.ejpn.2013.02.003. Epub 2013 Apr 1. PMID 23558251
McTague A, Cross JH. Treatment of epileptic encephalopathies. CNS Drugs. 2013 Mar;27(3):175-84.
doi:
10.1007/s40263-013-0041-6. PMID 23397290
Pires ME, Ilea A, Bourel E, Bellavoine V, Merdariu D, Berquin P, Auvin S. Ketogenic diet for infantile spasms refractory to first-line treatments: An open prospective study. Epilepsy Res. 2013 Jul;105(1-2):189-94.
doi:
10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2012.11.009. Epub 2013 Jan 26. PMID 23357723
Suo C, Liao J, Lu X, Fang K, Hu Y, Chen L, Cao D, Huang T, Li B, Li C. Efficacy and safety of the ketogenic diet in Chinese children. Seizure. 2013 Apr;22(3):174-8.
doi:
10.1016/j.seizure.2012.11.014. Epub 2012 Dec 28. PMID 23273808
Hartman AL, Rubenstein JE, Kossoff EH. Intermittent fasting: a "new" historical strategy for controlling seizures? Epilepsy Res. 2013 May;104(3):275-9.
doi:
10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2012.10.011. Epub 2012 Dec 1. PMID 23206889
More from 2012:
Hsieh DT, Pfeifer HH, Thiele EA. Dietary management of epilepsy. Am Fam Physician. 2012 Dec 1;86(11):1000-1. PMID 23198664
Hartman AL, Stafstrom CE. Harnessing the power of metabolism for seizure prevention: focus on dietary treatments. Epilepsy Behav. 2013 Mar;26(3):266-72.
doi:
10.1016/j.yebeh.2012.09.019. Epub 2012 Oct 27. PMID 23110824
Miranda MJ, Turner Z, Magrath G. Alternative diets to the classical ketogenic diet--can we be more liberal? Epilepsy Res. 2012 Jul;100(3):278-85.
doi:
10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2012.06.007. Epub 2012 Jul 6. PMID 22771252
Neal EG, Zupec-Kania B, Pfeifer HH. Carnitine, nutritional supplementation and discontinuation of ketogenic diet therapies. Epilepsy Res. 2012 Jul;100(3):267-71.
doi:
10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2012.04.021. Epub 2012 Jun 15. PMID 22704584
Kossoff EH, Doerrer SS, Turner Z. How do parents find out about the ketogenic diet? Epilepsy Behav. 2012 Aug;24(4):445-8.
doi:
10.1016/j.yebeh.2012.05.003. Epub 2012 Jun 5. PMID 22677375
Williams E, Abrahams J, Maguire A, Harris G. A parent's perspective on dietary treatments for epilepsy. Epilepsy Res. 2012 Jul;100(3):338-43.
doi:
10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2011.09.024. Epub 2012 May 8. PMID 22575229
Chen W, Kossoff EH. Long-term follow-up of children treated with the modified Atkins diet. J Child Neurol. 2012 Jun;27(6):754-8.
doi:
10.1177/0883073812441062. Epub 2012 Apr 24. PMID 22532541
Nangia S, Caraballo RH, Kang HC, Nordli DR, Scheffer IE. Is the ketogenic diet effective in specific epilepsy syndromes? Epilepsy Res. 2012 Jul;100(3):252-7.
doi:
10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2012.01.015. Epub 2012 Mar 15. PMID 22424762
Lambrechts DA, Wielders LH, Aldenkamp AP, Kessels FG, de Kinderen RJ, Majoie MJ. The ketogenic diet as a treatment option in adults with chronic refractory epilepsy: efficacy and tolerability in clinical practice. Epilepsy Behav. 2012 Mar;23(3):310-4.
doi:
10.1016/j.yebeh.2012.01.002. Epub 2012 Feb 25. PMID 22366051
Kossoff EH, Hartman AL. Ketogenic diets: new advances for metabolism-based therapies. Curr Opin Neurol. 2012 Apr;25(2):173-8.
doi:
10.1097/WCO.0b013e3283515e4a. PMID 22322415
Larson AM, Pfeifer HH, Thiele EA. Low glycemic index treatment for epilepsy in tuberous sclerosis complex. Epilepsy Res. 2012 Mar;99(1-2):180-2.
doi:
10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2011.10.021. Epub 2011 Nov 25. PMID 22119636
Kelley SA, Hartman AL. Metabolic treatments for intractable epilepsy. Semin Pediatr Neurol. 2011 Sep;18(3):179-85.
doi:
10.1016/j.spen.2011.06.004. PMID 22062942.
Kim YM, Vaidya VV, Khusainov T, Kim HD, Kim SH, Lee EJ, Lee YM, Lee JS, Kang HC. Various indications for a modified Atkins diet in intractable childhood epilepsy. Brain Dev. 2012 Aug;34(7):570-5.
doi:
10.1016/j.braindev.2011.09.013. Epub 2011 Oct 15. PMID 22001499
Cross JH, Kossoff EH. Dietary treatments: the road from Phoenix to Edinburgh. Epilepsy Res. 2012 Jul;100(3):203-4.
doi:
10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2011.07.022. Epub 2011 Sep 28. PMID 21955405
Hartman AL. Neuroprotection in metabolism-based therapy. Epilepsy Res. 2012 Jul;100(3):286-94.
doi:
10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2011.04.016. Epub 2011 Aug 26. PMID 21872441
Hallböök T, Ji S, Maudsley S, Martin B. The effects of the ketogenic diet on behavior and cognition. Epilepsy Res. 2012 Jul;100(3):304-9.
doi:
10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2011.04.017. Epub 2011 Aug 27. PMID 21872440
Kossoff EH, Caraballo RH, du Toit T, Kim HD, MacKay MT, Nathan JK, Philip SG. Dietary therapies: a worldwide phenomenon. Epilepsy Res. 2012 Jul;100(3):205-9.
doi:
10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2011.05.024. PMID 21856128
Kossoff EH, Cross JH. Ketogenic diets: where do we go from here? Epilepsy Res. 2012 Jul;100(3):344-6.
doi:
10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2011.07.010. PMID 21856127
Rho JM, Stafstrom CE. The ketogenic diet: what has science taught us? Epilepsy Res. 2012 Jul;100(3):210-7.
doi:
10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2011.05.021. Epub 2011 Aug 30. PMID 21856126
Bergqvist AG. Long-term monitoring of the ketogenic diet: Do's and Don'ts. Epilepsy Res. 2012 Jul;100(3):261-6. doi: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2011.05.020. Epub 2011 Aug 19. PMID 21855296
Masino SA, Rho JM.
Mechanisms of Ketogenic Diet Action. In: Noebels JL, Avoli M, Rogawski MA, Olsen RW, Delgado-Escueta AV, editors. Jasper's Basic Mechanisms of the Epilepsies [Internet]. 4th edition. Bethesda (MD): National Center for Biotechnology Information (US); 2012. PMID 22787591