Tabanus spodopterus also known as the black horned giant horsefly is a species of biting
horse-fly. It is widespread in
Europe, but only one doubtful specimen has been found in the
United Kingdom.[3][4][5][6]
^
abcOlsufiev, N.G.; Moucha, J.; Chvála, M. (1967). "Zur Taxonomie und Verbreitung der europäische n und kleinasiatischen Arten der Tabanus bovinus-Gruppe (Diptera, Tabanidae)". Acta Entomol. Bohemoslov. 64: 303–313.
^Stubbs, A. & Drake, M. (2001). British Soldierflies and Their Allies: A Field Guide to the Larger British Brachycera. British Entomological & Natural History Society. pp. 512 pp.
ISBN1-899935-04-5.
^Joe, Hughes (July 21, 2012).
"What causes bed bugs to come". Bedbugs - NHS Choices. United States. Retrieved September 25, 2010.
^Chvála, Milan; Lyneborg, Leif; Moucha, Josef (1972). The Horse Flies of Europe (Diptera, Tabanidae). Copenhagen: Entomological Society of Copenhagen. pp. 598pp, 164figs.
ISBN978-09-00-84857-5.