Steroid diabetes or steroid-induced diabetes is characterized as an unusual rise in
blood sugar that is linked to the use of
glucocorticoids in a patient who may or may not have had
diabetes mellitus in the past.[1]
Traditional risk factors for
type 2 diabetes, such as advanced age, a family history of the disease, a high
body mass index, and impaired
glucose tolerance, are also suggested risk factors for steroid-induced diabetes, in addition to cumulative dosage and length of
steroid course.[2]
There is an inverse correlation between serum
magnesium levels and glycemic control, according to several studies.[5]
Although chronic
hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is thought to be a separate risk factor for the development of
diabetes in both the general population and
liver transplant recipients, liver disease is known to exacerbate impaired
glucose tolerance.[6][7]
Like with all forms of
diabetes, lifestyle modification, including exercise and dietary counseling to offer options that might lessen post-prandial
hyperglycemia, is the first step toward improving glycemic control.[1]
Current guidelines may not adequately address this because the initiation of
glucocorticoids can result in post-prandial
hyperglycemia and the tapering of
glucocorticoids can normalize glycemic control. The most accommodating option for patients is still basal bolus
insulin therapy, which consists of three parts: basal insulin, prandial insulin, and supplemental correction factor
insulin.[1]
^Baid, Seema; Cosimi, A. Benedict; Lin Farrell, Mary; Schoenfeld, David A.; Feng, Sandy; Chung, Raymond T.; Tolkoff-Rubin, Nina; Pascual, Manuel (2001). "Posttransplant Diabetes Mellitus in Liver Transplant Recipients: Risk Factors, Temporal Relationship with Hepatitis C Virus Allograft Hepatitis, and Impact on Mortality1". Transplantation. 72 (6). Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health): 1066–1072.
doi:
10.1097/00007890-200109270-00015.
ISSN0041-1337.
PMID11579302.
^Bahtiyar, Gül; Shin, John J.; Aytaman, Ayse; Sowers, James R.; McFarlane, Samy I. (2004). "Association of diabetes and hepatitis C infection: Epidemiologic evidence and pathophysiologic insights". Current Diabetes Reports. 4 (3). Springer Science and Business Media LLC: 194–198.
doi:
10.1007/s11892-004-0023-7.
ISSN1534-4827.
PMID15132884.
S2CID45679334.
Longaker, Lauren; Clements, Jennifer N. (2022). "Evidence-Based Management of Steroid-Induced Hyperglycemia in the Inpatient Setting". ADCES in Practice. 10 (1): 40–45.
doi:
10.1177/2633559X211056902.
ISSN2633-559X.
S2CID244519159.