SHERLOC has a calibration target with possible
Mars suit materials, and it will measure how they change over time in the Martian surface environment.[4]
There are three locations on the rover where SHERLOC components are located. The SHERLOC Turret Assembly (STA) is mounted at the end of the rover arm. The STA contains spectroscopy and imaging components. The SHERLOC Body Assembly (SBA) is located on the rover chassis and acts as the interface between the STA and the Mars 2020 rover. The SBA deals with command and data handling, along with power distribution. The SHERLOC Calibration Target (SCT) is located on the front of the rover chassis and hold spectral standards.
SHERLOC consists of both imaging and spectroscopic elements. It has two imaging components consisting of heritage hardware from the
MSLMAHLI instrument. The Wide Angle Topographic Sensor for Operations and eNgineering (WATSON) is a built to print re-flight that can generate color images over multiple scales. The other, Autofocus Context Imager (ACI), acts as the mechanism that allows the instrument to get a contextual image of a sample and to autofocus the laser spot for the spectroscopic part of the SHERLOC investigation.
For Spectroscopy, it utilizes a
NeCu laser to generate UV photons (248.6 nm) which can generate characteristic Raman and fluorescence photons from a scientifically interesting sample. The deep UV laser is co-boresighted to a context imager and integrated into an autofocusing/scanning optical system that allows correlation of spectral signatures to surface textures, morphology and visible features. The context imager has a spatial resolution of 30 μm and currently is designed to operate in the 400-500 nm wavelength range.[5]
SHERLOC
instrument – outside>
instrument – inside
Test image (26 May 2020)
Test – WATSON camera focus (Mars; video; 0:05; 10 May 2021)
Test rock study (22 July 2022)
Quartier rock (context) (12 July 2023)
Quartier rock study (12 July 2023)
Results from Mars
Over the course of three years, SHERLOC and WATSON have been successfully collecting spectra and images of minerals and organics on the surface of Mars[6][7]. Utilizing WATSON and ACI images, there was confirmation that the crafter floor consists of aqueously altered
mafic material with various
igneous origins[8].In addition, WATSON has been used to collect selfies of the Perseverance rover and the Ingenuity helicopter[9].