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Rhodium-platinum oxide
Names
IUPAC name
Rhodium(III) oxide / Platinum(IV) oxide
Other names
Rh–Pt oxide, Nishimura's catalyst
Identifiers
Properties
Rh2 O3 / PtO2
Molar mass
253.81 / 227.09 (anhydrous)
Appearance
Black powder
[1]
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their
standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Chemical compound
Rhodium-platinum oxide (Rh–Pt oxide) , or Nishimura's catalyst , is an
inorganic compound used as a
hydrogenation
catalyst .
[2]
Rh–Pt oxide is used to
reduce various
aromatic compounds to their respective
cycloalkanes or
saturated
heterocycles under mild conditions (i.e. often at room temperature and atmospheric pressure).
[3]
[4] In this application, Rh–Pt oxide is superior to other
group 10 catalysts such as
platinum dioxide . Furthermore, the catalyst can be used to carry out the reaction with minimal losses of oxygen containing
functional groups via
hydrogenolysis .
[5]
[6]
[7]
An
aqueous solution of
rhodium chloride ,
chloroplatinic acid , and
sodium nitrate is evaporated and then
fused in a porcelain dish between 460-480°C until the oxides of nitrogen cease (≈10 minutes).
[2]
[4] The resulting solidified mass is then washed with
distilled water and dilute sodium nitrate followed by drying with
calcium chloride to yield the catalyst. Typically the ratio of metals used for the catalyst is 3:1 Rh/Pt or 7:3 Rh/Pt.
^ Heuser, Heidi.
"Nishimura's catalyst" . Product Number: 3000034604 . Umicore: Precious Metal Chemistry. Retrieved 29 January 2016 .
^
a
b Nishimura, Shigeo (2001).
Handbook of Heterogeneous Catalytic Hydrogenation for Organic Synthesis (1st ed.). New York: Wiley-Interscience. pp. 42–43, 182, 389–390, 408, & 414–571.
ISBN
9780471396987 .
^ Nishimura, Shigeo (1961).
"Hydrogenation and Hydrogenolysis. V. Rhodium-Platinum Oxide as a Catalyst for the Hydrogenation of Organic Compounds" . Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan . 34 (1): 32–36.
doi :
10.1246/bcsj.34.32 .
^
a
b Nishimura, Shigeo (1961). "Rhodium-Platinum Oxide as α Catalyst for the Hydrogenation of Organic Compounds. II. Catalyst Preparation and Effects of Platinum in Rhodium-Platinum Oxide". Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan . 34 (10): 1544–1545.
doi :
10.1246/bcsj.34.1544 .
^ Nishimura, Shigeo (1960).
"Hydrogenation and Hydrogenolysis. III. Rhodium-Platinum Oxide as a Catalyst for the Hydrogenation of the Aromatic Nucleus" . Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan . 33 (4): 566–567.
doi :
10.1246/bcsj.33.566 .
^ Stocker, J. H. (1962). "Communications to the Editor". The Journal of Organic Chemistry . 27 (5): 2288–2292.
doi :
10.1021/jo01053a077 .
^ Nishimura, Shigeo; Taguchi, Hisaaki (1963).
"Hydrogenation and Hydrogenolysis. VII. Selective Hydrogenation of Aromatic Compounds Containing C–O Linkages Liable to Hydrogenolysis with a Rhodium-Platinum Oxide under high Pressures" . Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan . 36 (3): 353–355.
doi :
10.1246/bcsj.36.353 .