From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Species of cartilaginous fish
The deepwater ray (Rajella bathyphila ), also called the deepwater skate or abyssal skate ,
[3]
[4] is a species of
skate in the family
Rajidae .
[5]
[6]
[7]
[8]
Distribution
The deepwater ray is
bathydemersal ; it has been recorded at 600–2,300 m (2,000–7,500 ft), mostly below 1,300–1,400 m (4,300–4,600 ft). It has been found in seas worldwide, concentrated in the
North Atlantic , living on
continental slopes and
abyssal plains .
[9]
[10]
Description
Like all rays, the deepwater ray has a flattened body with broad, wing-like
pectoral fins . The dorsal surface of adults is white.
[11] The outer edges of pectoral and
pelvic fins shade to darker.
[9] The upper surface is
spinulose , but there are bare patches in the centre of the pectoral fins and on sides of body in adult males.
[12]
Its maximum length is 90 cm (3.0 ft).
[9]
Behaviour
Juveniles feed on small benthic
invertebrates , while larger deepwater rays feed on larger invertebrates and fish.
[13] It is parasitised by
Echeneibothrium bathyphilum , a
cestode tapeworm of the order
Rhinebothriidea .
[14]
Life cycle
The deepwater ray is
oviparous . The
eggs have horn-like projections on the shell. Paired eggs are laid, with
embryos feed solely on
yolk .
See also
References
^ Stehmann, M. (December 1, 2008).
"IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Rajella bathyphila" . IUCN Red List of Threatened Species – via www.iucnredlist.org.
^
"WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Rajella bathyphila (Holt & Byrne, 1908)" . www.marinespecies.org .
^ Coad, Brian W.; Reist, James D. (January 1, 2018).
Marine Fishes of Arctic Canada . University of Toronto Press.
ISBN
9781442647107 – via Google Books.
^
"Rajella bathyphila | Shark-References" . shark-references.com .
^
"Taxonomy browser (Rajella bathyphila)" . www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov .
^
"Mindat.org" . www.mindat.org .
^ Last, Peter; Naylor, Gavin; Séret, Bernard; White, William; Stehmann, Matthias; Carvalho, Marcelo de (December 1, 2016).
Rays of the World . Csiro Publishing.
ISBN
9780643109155 – via Google Books.
^ Ebert, David A.; Sulikowski, James (December 25, 2008).
Biology of Skates . Springer Science & Business Media.
ISBN
9781402097034 – via Google Books.
^
a
b
c
"Rajella bathyphila, Deep-water ray" . www.fishbase.se .
^ Carrier, Jeffrey C.; Musick, John A.; Heithaus, Michael R. (March 9, 2010).
Sharks and Their Relatives II: Biodiversity, Adaptive Physiology, and Conservation . CRC Press.
ISBN
9781420080483 – via Google Books.
^ Ebert, David A.; Dando, Marc (December 8, 2020).
Field Guide to Sharks, Rays & Chimaeras of Europe and the Mediterranean . Princeton University Press.
ISBN
9780691211824 – via Google Books.
^
"Marine Species Identification Portal : Deepwater ray - Raja bathyphila" . species-identification.org .
^
"Species: Rajella bathyphila (Deep-water skate) Justification" . shkola.of.by . Archived from
the original on 2021-10-23. Retrieved 2021-10-23 .
^
"WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Rajella bathyphila (Holt & Byrne, 1908)" . www.marinespecies.org .
External links