The
Flag of Tennessee
Tennessee (
TEN -iss-EE ,
TEN -iss-ee ), officially the State of Tennessee , is a landlocked
state in the
Southeastern region of the
United States . It borders
Kentucky to the north,
Virginia to the northeast,
North Carolina to the east,
Georgia ,
Alabama , and
Mississippi to the south,
Arkansas to the southwest, and
Missouri to the northwest. Tennessee is the
36th-largest by area and the
15th-most populous of the 50 states. Tennessee is geographically, culturally, and legally divided into three
Grand Divisions of
East ,
Middle , and
West Tennessee .
Nashville is the state's capital and largest city, and anchors its largest metropolitan area. Other major cities include
Memphis ,
Knoxville ,
Chattanooga , and
Clarksville . Tennessee's population as of the
2020 United States census is approximately 6.9 million.
Tennessee is rooted in the
Watauga Association , a 1772 frontier pact generally regarded as the first constitutional government west of the
Appalachian Mountains . Its name derives from
Tanasi (ᏔᎾᏏ ), a
Cherokee town in the eastern part of the state that existed before the first European American settlement. Tennessee was initially part of North Carolina, and later the
Southwest Territory , before its admission to the Union as the 16th state on June 1, 1796. It earned the nickname "The Volunteer State" early in its history due to a strong tradition of military service. A
slave state until the
American Civil War , Tennessee was politically divided, with most of its western and middle parts supporting the
Confederacy , and most of the eastern region harboring
pro -
Union sentiment. As a result, Tennessee was the last state to officially
secede from the Union and join the
Confederacy , and the first former
Confederate state readmitted to the Union after the war had ended during the lengthy
Reconstruction era .
During the 20th century, Tennessee transitioned from a predominantly agrarian society to a more diversified economy. This was aided in part by massive federal investment in the
Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) and the city of
Oak Ridge , which was established during
World War II to house the
Manhattan Project 's uranium enrichment facilities for the construction of the
world's first atomic bombs . After the war, the
Oak Ridge National Laboratory became a key center of scientific research. In 2016, the element
tennessine was named for the state, largely in recognition of the roles played by Oak Ridge,
Vanderbilt University , and the
University of Tennessee in its discovery. Tennessee has also played a major role in the development of many forms of
popular music , including
country ,
blues ,
rock and roll ,
soul , and
gospel . (
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Andrew Jackson (March 15, 1767 – June 8, 1845) was an American lawyer,
planter , general, and statesman who served as the seventh
president of the United States from 1829 to 1837. Before
his presidency , he gained fame as a general in the
U.S. Army and served in both houses of the
U.S. Congress . Often praised as an advocate for ordinary Americans and for his work in
preserving the union of states , Jackson has also been criticized for his racial policies, particularly his treatment of
Native Americans .
Jackson was born in the colonial
Carolinas before the
American Revolutionary War . He became a
frontier lawyer and married
Rachel Donelson Robards . He briefly served in the
U.S. House of Representatives and the
U.S. Senate , representing
Tennessee . After resigning, he served as a justice on the
Tennessee Superior Court from 1798 until 1804. Jackson purchased a property later known as
the Hermitage , becoming a wealthy planter who owned hundreds of
African-American slaves during his lifetime. In 1801, he was appointed colonel of the Tennessee militia and was elected its commander. He led troops during the
Creek War of 1813–1814, winning the
Battle of Horseshoe Bend and negotiating the
Treaty of Fort Jackson that required the indigenous
Creek population to surrender vast tracts of present-day Alabama and Georgia. In the concurrent
war against the British , Jackson's victory at the
Battle of New Orleans in 1815 made him a national hero. He later commanded U.S. forces in the
First Seminole War , which led to the
annexation of Florida from Spain. Jackson briefly served as Florida's first territorial governor before returning to the Senate. He ran for president in
1824 . He won a
plurality of the popular and electoral vote, but no candidate won the electoral majority. With the help of
Henry Clay , the House of Representatives elected
John Quincy Adams in a
contingent election . Jackson's supporters alleged that there was a "
corrupt bargain " between Adams and Clay and began creating their own political organization that would eventually become the
Democratic Party . (
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List of recognized articles
Middle Tennessee is one of the three
Grand Divisions of Tennessee that composes roughly the central portion of the state. It is delineated according to state law as 41 of the state's 95 counties. Middle Tennessee contains the state's capital and largest city,
Nashville , as well as
Clarksville , the state's fifth largest city, and
Murfreesboro , the state's sixth largest city and largest suburb of Nashville. The
Nashville metropolitan area , located entirely within the region, is the most populous
metropolitan area in the state, and the
Clarksville metropolitan area is the state's sixth most populous. Middle Tennessee is both the largest, in terms of land area, and the most populous of the state's three Grand Divisions.
Geographically, Middle Tennessee is composed of the
Highland Rim , which completely surrounds the
Nashville Basin . The
Cumberland Plateau is located in the eastern part of the region. Culturally, Middle Tennessee is considered part of the
Upland South . Commodity crops such as
cotton and
tobacco were cultivated by migrant settlers in the region in the
antebellum era , who were largely dependent on the labor of
enslaved African Americans . In addition, planters bred and trained livestock, such as the world-famous
Tennessee Walking Horse , which was developed as a breed in the region during this time. (
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List of selected articles
History of Tennessee
List of Tennessee state symbols
Nashville, Tennessee
List of governors of Tennessee
Governor of Tennessee
East Tennessee
West Tennessee
Knoxville, Tennessee
Tennessee River
Memphis, Tennessee
Chattanooga, Tennessee
Clarksville, Tennessee
Assassination of Martin Luther King Jr.
Cleveland, Tennessee
Dolly Parton
Tennessee State Guard
University of Memphis
Toqua (Tennessee)
Great Smoky Mountains
Great Smoky Mountains
Interstate 40 in Tennessee
Old Crow Medicine Show
Swaggerty Blockhouse
Unicoi Mountains
Old City, Knoxville
Nashville Americans
Valerie June
Battle of Fort Donelson
Battle of Fort Henry
Collierville, Tennessee
Vanderbilt University
Tennessee whiskey
Jack Daniel's
Grand Ole Opry
Battle of Nashville
Nashville Superspeedway
Johnny Cash
Carl Perkins
Tennessee Waltz
Morristown, Tennessee
Fainting goat
Bessie Smith
Cookeville, Tennessee
Murfreesboro, Tennessee
Bob Corker
Edgar Evins State Park
Graceland
Bledsoe Creek State Park
Dollywood
Tennessee Valley Authority
Black Patch Tobacco Wars
Great Smoky Mountains National Park
The following are images from various Tennessee-related articles on Wikipedia.
Image 1
Vanderbilt University in Nashville is consistently ranked as one of the top research institutions in the nation (from
Tennessee )
Image 2
The Hermitage , plantation home of President
Andrew Jackson , now a museum in
Davidson County (from
History of Tennessee )
Image 3 The
resort city of
Gatlinburg borders the
Great Smoky Mountains National Park , which is the most visited national park in the United States. (from
Tennessee )
Image 4 Map of counties in Tennessee by racial plurality, per the 2020 U.S. census
Non-Hispanic White 50–60%
60–70%
70–80%
80–90%
90%+
Black or African American 50–60%
(from
Tennessee )
Image 5 Established in 1942,
Oak Ridge National Laboratory is the largest national laboratory in the Department of Energy system (from
Tennessee )
Image 6
Vanderbilt University in Nashville is consistently ranked as one of the top research institutions in the nation (from
Tennessee )
Image 8
Calutron operators at the
Y-12 Plant in Oak Ridge during the
Manhattan Project (from
Tennessee )
Image 9
Howard Baker served as
Senate Minority and Majority Leader from 1977 to 1985, and was known as "The Great Conciliator" (from
Tennessee )
Image 10 Workers at the
Norris Dam construction camp site in 1933 (from
Tennessee )
Image 11 The
resort city of
Gatlinburg borders the
Great Smoky Mountains National Park , which is the most visited national park in the United States. (from
Tennessee )
Image 12 The
1982 World's Fair in Knoxville (from
Tennessee )
Image 13 The
Ryman Auditorium , home of the "Grand Ole Opry" in Nashville (from
History of Tennessee )
Image 14
Reelfoot Lake in West Tennessee was formed by the
1811–1812 New Madrid earthquakes (from
Tennessee )
Image 15 Memphis became known as the "Cotton Capital of the World" in the years following the Civil War (from
Tennessee )
Image 16 Surveyor
Daniel Smith's "Map of the Tennassee State" (1796) (from
Tennessee )
Image 18 1861 Bank of Tennessee 1 dollar banknote (from
History of Tennessee )
Image 20 Chart showing poverty in Tennessee, by age and gender (red = female) (from
Tennessee )
Image 22 A geomap showing the counties of Tennessee colored by the relative range of that county's median income. (from
Tennessee )
Image 23
Fall Creek Falls , the tallest waterfall in the eastern United States, is located on the Cumberland Plateau (from
Tennessee )
Image 24 Map of counties in Tennessee by racial plurality, per the 2020 U.S. census
Non-Hispanic White 50–60%
60–70%
70–80%
80–90%
90%+
Black or African American 50–60%
(from
Tennessee )
Image 25 The
Battle of Franklin , November 30, 1864 (from
Tennessee )
Image 26 Surveyor
Daniel Smith's "Map of the Tennassee State" (1796) (from
Tennessee )
Image 27
The Hermitage , plantation home of President
Andrew Jackson in Nashville (from
Tennessee )
Image 28
Köppen climate types of Tennessee, using 1991–2020
climate normals . (from
Tennessee )
Image 29 Offices of
The Tennessean in Nashville (from
Tennessee )
Image 30
Fall Creek Falls , the tallest waterfall in the eastern United States, is located on the Cumberland Plateau (from
Tennessee )
Image 32 in 1946 the U.S. Post Office issued a
commemorative stamp celebrating the 150th anniversary of Tennessee statehood. (from
Tennessee )
Image 33
Al Gore served as a
United States Senator from Tennessee (1985–1993) and as
Vice President of the United States (1993–2001) (from
Tennessee )
Image 34
Al Gore served as a
United States Senator from Tennessee (1985–1993) and as
Vice President of the United States (1993–2001) (from
Tennessee )
Image 36 The
Ocoee River was home to the
1996 Summer Olympics whitewater slalom events, the only Olympic sporting event ever held in the state. (from
Tennessee )
Image 37 Memphis became known as the "Cotton Capital of the World" in the years following the Civil War (from
Tennessee )
Image 39 John Bell (from
History of Tennessee )
Image 40 Nashville's replica of the
Parthenon (built 1897) (from
History of Tennessee )
Image 41
Mount Le Conte in the
Great Smoky Mountains is the tallest mountain in eastern North America, measured from base to summit (from
Tennessee )
Image 42
Cedar glades are an ecosystem that is found in regions of Middle Tennessee where limestone bedrock is close to the surface (from
Tennessee )
Image 44 Offices of
The Tennessean in Nashville (from
Tennessee )
Image 45
Mount Le Conte in the
Great Smoky Mountains is the tallest mountain in eastern North America, measured from base to summit (from
Tennessee )
Image 46
Cedar glades are an ecosystem that is found in regions of Middle Tennessee where limestone bedrock is close to the surface (from
Tennessee )
Image 47 A geomap showing the counties of Tennessee colored by the relative range of that county's median income. (from
Tennessee )
Image 48 Workers at the
Norris Dam construction camp site in 1933 (from
Tennessee )
Image 49
Memphis International Airport , the hub of
FedEx Corporation , is the busiest cargo airport in the world (from
Tennessee )
Image 50
Interstate 40 traverses Tennessee from east to west, and serves the state's three largest cities. (from
Tennessee )
Image 52
Reelfoot Lake in West Tennessee was formed by the
1811–1812 New Madrid earthquakes (from
Tennessee )
Image 53
Köppen climate types of Tennessee, using 1991–2020
climate normals . (from
Tennessee )
Image 54 Reconstruction of
Fort Loudoun , the first British settlement in Tennessee (from
Tennessee )
Image 55
Memphis International Airport , the hub of
FedEx Corporation , is the busiest cargo airport in the world (from
Tennessee )
Image 57
The Hermitage , plantation home of President
Andrew Jackson in Nashville (from
Tennessee )
Image 58 Chart showing poverty in Tennessee, by age and gender (red = female) (from
Tennessee )
Image 60
Howard Baker served as
Senate Minority and Majority Leader from 1977 to 1985, and was known as "The Great Conciliator" (from
Tennessee )
Image 61
Conquistador
Hernando de Soto , first European to visit Tennessee (from
History of Tennessee )
Image 62 A
Nissan Leaf , one of six models manufactured at the
Nissan Smyrna Assembly Plant , the largest automotive assembly plant in North America (from
Tennessee )
Image 63 The
Ocoee River was home to the
1996 Summer Olympics whitewater slalom events, the only Olympic sporting event ever held in the state. (from
Tennessee )
Image 65 The
Grand Ole Opry , which was recorded in
Nashville 's
Ryman Auditorium from 1943 to 1974, is the longest-running
radio broadcast in US history. (from
Tennessee )
Image 67 The
Grand Ole Opry , which was recorded in
Nashville 's
Ryman Auditorium from 1943 to 1974, is the longest-running
radio broadcast in US history. (from
Tennessee )
Image 68
Interstate 40 traverses Tennessee from east to west, and serves the state's three largest cities. (from
Tennessee )
Image 69
Calutron operators at the
Y-12 Plant in Oak Ridge during the
Manhattan Project (from
Tennessee )
Image 70 The
Battle of Franklin , November 30, 1864 (from
Tennessee )
Image 71 A
Nissan Leaf , one of six models manufactured at the
Nissan Smyrna Assembly Plant , the largest automotive assembly plant in North America (from
Tennessee )
Image 72 Reconstruction of
Fort Loudoun , the first British settlement in Tennessee (from
Tennessee )
Image 73 The
1982 World's Fair in Knoxville (from
Tennessee )
Image 74 The Southwest Territory in 1790 (from
Tennessee )
Image 75 The Tennessee at Chattanooga , 1872, by
Harry Fenn (from
History of Tennessee )
Image 76 Established in 1942,
Oak Ridge National Laboratory is the largest national laboratory in the Department of Energy system (from
Tennessee )
Image 77 in 1946 the U.S. Post Office issued a
commemorative stamp celebrating the 150th anniversary of Tennessee statehood. (from
Tennessee )
Image 78 A View of Memphis, Tennessee , 1871 (from
History of Tennessee )
Image 79 The Southwest Territory in 1790 (from
Tennessee )
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