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Genus of spiders in the family Salticidae
Phidippus is a genus in the family Salticidae (
jumping spiders ).
[1] Some of the largest jumping spiders inhabit this genus, and many species are characterized by their brilliant, iridescent green
chelicerae . Phidippus is distributed almost exclusively in
North America , with the exception of two exported species (
Phidippus audax and
Phidippus regius ).
[2] As of January 2021
[update] , there were about 80 described species in the genus.
[1] Species previously described in Phidippus which are found in
India and
Bangladesh do not belong in this genus.
[2]
Name
The genus name is likely derived from
Cicero 's speech Pro Rege Deiotaro (Speech in Behalf of King Deiotarus): Phidippus was a slave who was physician to King
Deiotaros .
[3] Literally, the word means "one who spares horses" in
Ancient Greek .
[4]
Species
Bold Jumping Spider (
Phidippus audax ) with a cutworm (tribe
Noctuini ) and then lost to ants (Family
Formicidae )
As of January 2021
[update] , the
World Spider Catalog accepted the following species:
[1]
Phidippus adonis
Edwards , 2004 –
Mexico
Phidippus adumbratus
Gertsch , 1934 – United States
Phidippus aeneidens Taczanowski, 1878 – Peru
Phidippus albocinctus Caporiacco, 1947 – Guyana
Phidippus amans Edwards, 2004 – Mexico
Phidippus albulatus
F. O. P-Cambridge , 1901 – Mexico
Phidippus apacheanus
Chamberlin & Gertsch, 1929 – United States, Mexico,
Cuba
Phidippus ardens
Peckham & Peckham , 1901 – United States, Mexico
Phidippus arizonensis (Peckham & Peckham, 1883) – United States, Mexico
Phidippus asotus Chamberlin &
Ivie , 1933 – United States, Mexico
Phidippus audax (
Hentz , 1845) – North America, introduced in
Hawaii ,
Nicobar Islands
Phidippus aureus Edwards, 2004 – United States
Phidippus bengalensis Tikader, 1977 – India
Phidippus bhimrakshiti Gajbe, 2004 – India
Phidippus bidentatus F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1901 – United States to
Costa Rica
Phidippus birabeni Mello-Leitão, 1944 – Argentina
Phidippus boei Edwards, 2004 – United States, Mexico
Phidippus borealis Banks, 1895 – United States,
Canada ,
Alaska
Phidippus calcuttaensis Biswas, 1984 – India
Phidippus californicus Peckham & Peckham, 1901 – North America
Phidippus cardinalis (Hentz, 1845) – United States, Mexico
Phidippus carneus Peckham & Peckham, 1896 – United States, Mexico
Phidippus carolinensis Peckham & Peckham, 1909 – United States, Mexico
Phidippus cerberus Edwards, 2004 – Mexico
Phidippus clarus
Keyserling , 1885 – North America
Phidippus comatus Peckham & Peckham, 1901 – North America
Phidippus concinnus Gertsch, 1934 – United States
Phidippus cruentus F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1901 – Mexico
Phidippus cryptus Edwards, 2004 – United States, Canada
Phidippus dianthus Edwards, 2004 – Mexico
Phidippus exlineae Caporiacco, 1955 – Venezuela
Phidippus felinus Edwards, 2004 – United States
Phidippus georgii Peckham & Peckham, 1896 – Mexico to
El Salvador
Phidippus guianensis Caporiacco, 1947 – Guyana
Phidippus hingstoni Mello-Leitão, 1948 – Guyana
Phidippus insignarius C. L. Koch, 1846 – United States
Phidippus johnsoni (Peckham & Peckham, 1883) – North America
Phidippus kastoni Edwards, 2004 – United States
Phidippus khandalaensis Tikader, 1977 – India
Phidippus lynceus Edwards, 2004 – United States
Phidippus maddisoni Edwards, 2004 – Mexico
Phidippus majumderi Biswas, 1999 – Bangladesh
Phidippus mimicus Edwards, 2004 – Mexico
Phidippus morpheus Edwards, 2004 – United States, Mexico
Phidippus mystaceus (Hentz, 1846) – United States
Phidippus nikites Chamberlin & Ivie, 1935 – United States, Mexico
Phidippus octopunctatus (Peckham & Peckham, 1883) – United States, Mexico
Phidippus olympus Edwards, 2004 – United States
Phidippus otiosus (Hentz, 1846) – United States
Phidippus pacosauritus Edwards, 2020 – Mexico
Phidippus phoenix Edwards, 2004 – United States, Mexico
Phidippus pius Scheffer, 1905 – United States to Costa Rica
Phidippus pompatus Edwards, 2004 – Mexico
Phidippus princeps (Peckham & Peckham, 1883) – United States, Canada
Phidippus pruinosus Peckham & Peckham, 1909 – United States
Phidippus punjabensis Tikader, 1974 – India
Phidippus purpuratus Keyserling, 1885 – United States, Canada
Phidippus putnami (Peckham & Peckham, 1883) – United States
Phidippus regius C. L. Koch, 1846 (United States, West Indies,
Easter Island – introduced)
Phidippus richmani Edwards, 2004 – United States
Phidippus tenuis (Kraus, 1955) – El Salvador
Phidippus texanus Banks, 1906 – United States, Mexico
Phidippus tigris Edwards, 2004 – United States
Phidippus tirapensis Biswas & Biswas, 2006 – India
Phidippus toro Edwards, 1978 – United States, Mexico
Phidippus tux Pinter, 1970 – United States, Mexico
Phidippus tyrannus Edwards, 2004 – United States, Mexico
Phidippus tyrrelli Peckham & Peckham, 1901 – North America
Phidippus ursulus Edwards, 2004 – United States
Phidippus venus Edwards, 2004 – Mexico
Phidippus vexans Edwards, 2004 – United States
Phidippus whitmani Peckham & Peckham, 1909 – United States, Canada
Phidippus workmani Peckham & Peckham, 1901 – United States
Phidippus yashodharae Tikader, 1977 – India (Andaman Is.)
Phidippus zebrinus Mello-Leitão, 1945 – Argentina
Phidippus zethus Edwards, 2004 – Mexico
Misplaced species
In addition to the species above, several species have been misplaced in the genus (according to Edwards' revision) but have yet to be transferred to other genera.
[2] These include:
Phidippus aeneidens Taczanowski, 1878 – Peru
Phidippus albocinctus Caporiacco, 1947 – Guyana
Phidippus bengalensis Tikader, 1977 – India
Phidippus bhimrakshiti Gajbe, 2004 – India
Phidippus birabeni Mello-Leitão, 1944 – Argentina
Phidippus calcuttaensis Biswas, 1984 – India
Phidippus exlineae Caporiacco, 1955 – Venezuela
Phidippus guianensis Caporiacco, 1947 – Guyana
Phidippus hingstoni Mello-Leitão, 1948 – Guyana
Phidippus khandalaensis Tikader, 1977 – India
Phidippus majumderi Biswas, 1999 – Bangladesh
Phidippus punjabensis Tikader, 1974 – India
Phidippus tenuis Kraus, 1955 – El Salvador
Phidippus tirapensis Biswas & Biswas, 2006 – India
Phidippus yashodharae Tikader, 1977 – Andaman Is.
Phidippus zebrinus Mello-Leitão, 1945 – Argentina
References
Bibliography
Gardner, B.T. (1965): Observations on Three Species of Phidippus Jumping Spiders (Araneae: Salticidae).
Psyche 72:133-147
PDF (P. californicus = P. coccineus , P. apacheanus , P. octopunctatus = P. opifex )
Ubick, D., Paquin, P., Cushing, P.E. and Roth, V. (editors) (2005): Spiders of North America: An Identification Manual. American Arachnological Society
ISBN
0-9771439-0-2
Edwards, G.B. (2004): Revision of the jumping spiders of the genus Phidippus (Araneae: Salticidae). Occasional Papers of the Florida State Collection of Arthropods 11 : i-viii, 1–156, 350 figs.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to
Phidippus .
Videos
David Edwin Hill: Portrait of feeding female Phidippus audax –
Video
David Edwin Hill: Variable female forms of the jumping spider Phidippus clarus –
Video
Pictures