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Extinct genus of beetles
Notocupes is an extinct genus of medium-sized
archostematan
beetles from the
Mesozoic Era of Eurasia, including over 50 described species. Historically, the genus was classified as a member of the family
Ommatidae , but the presence of characters such as the horizontal mandibular cutting edge, separated procoxae and overlapping abdominal
sternites indicate that the genus may have a closer affinity with the family
Cupedidae .
[1] Notocupes is considered to be a
junior synonym of
Zygadenia by Kirejtshuk (2020),
[2] but other researchers suggest to reserve the genus Zygadenia as a
form taxon for isolated elytra that probably belong to the genus Notocupes , while retaining Notocupes as a valid genus for complete body fossils.
[3]
[4]
[5] Most species of Notocupes were described from
compression fossils . An additional three species were described from
Cenomanian -aged
Burmese amber , which were treated as a separate genus,
Echinocups , by Kirejtshuk (2020), but Li et al. (2023) consider Echinocups to be a junior synonym of Notocupes .
[6] Notocupes has a flattened body, which may suggest that it occupied narrow habitats, such as living under bark. Some species had serrated/spined margins of the carapace, which may have served as a defense against predators, or served as camouflage to resemble bark.
[1]
Strelnikova & Yan (2023) advise splitting up the genus Notocupes into four genera: Notocupes ,
Rhabdocupes , Conexicoxa and the new genus Brachilatus .
[7]
Tongchuan Formation , China
N. shiluoensis (Hong, 1984)
= Chengdecupes shiluoensis
Koldzat Formation , Kazakhstan
N. oxypygus Ponomarenko, 1969
Madygen Formation , Kyrgyzstan
N. laticella Ponomarenko, 1969
N. rostratus Ponomarenko, 1969
N. tenuis Ponomarenko, 1969
Dzhil Formation , Kyrgyzstan
N. cellulosus Ponomarenko, 1969
N. issykkulensis Ponomarenko, 1969
N. kirghizicus Ponomarenko, 1969
N. latus Ponomarenko, 1969
N. sogutensis Ponomarenko, 1969
Guanyintan Formation , China
N. homorus (Lin, 1986)
= Conexicoxa homora
Guanyintan Formation , China
N. lini Ponomarenko et al. , 2012
Sulyukta Formation , Kyrgyzstan
N. crassus Ponomarenko, 1969
Bakhar Formation , Mongolia
N. brachycephalus Ponomarenko, 1994
N. exiguus Ponomarenko, 1994
N. longicollis Ponomarenko, 1994
Haifanggou Formation , China
N. daohugouensis Li and Cai in Lin et al. , 2023
N. dischides Zhang, 1986
N. jurassicus (Hong, 1983)
= Chengdecupes jurassicus
N. pingi Ponomarenko and Ren, 2010
N. robustus Li and Cai in Lin et al. , 2023
N. spinosus Li and Cai in Lin et al. , 2023
Tyumen Formation , Russia
N. patulus Ponomarenko, 1985
Karabastau Formation , Kazakhstan
N. foersteri Ponomarenko, 1971
N. lapidarius Ponomarenko, 1968
N. nigromonticola Ponomarenko, 1968
N. picturatus Ponomarenko, 1964
N. pulcher Ponomarenko, 1968
Shar Teeg , Mongolia
N. brachycephalus Ponomarenko, 1994
N. exiguus Ponomarenko, 1994
Solnhofen , Germany
N. reticulatus (Oppenheim, 1888)
= Procarabus reticulatus
N. tripartitus (Oppenheim, 1888)
= Procarabus tripartitus
Dabeigou Formation , China
N. lentus (Ren, 1995)
= Tetraphalerus lentus
Jianshangou Formation , China
La Huérguina Formation ,
Las Hoyas , Spain
N. diazromerali (Soriano & Delclòs, 2006)
= Zygadenia diazromerali
N. longicoxa (Soriano & Delclòs, 2006)
= Zygadenia longicoxa
N. siniestri (Soriano & Delclòs, 2006)
= Zygadenia siniestri
N. viridis (Soriano & Delclòs, 2006)
= Zygadenia viridis
La Pedrera de Rúbies Formation , Las Hoyas, Spain
N. martinclosas (Soriano & Delclòs, 2006)
= Zygadenia martinclosas
N. oculatus (Soriano & Delclòs, 2006)
= Zygadenia oculata
Ulan-Argalant Formation , Mongolia
N. mongolicus Ponomarenko, 1994
Argun Formation , Russia
N. semen (Ponomarenko, 2000)
= Zygadenia semen
N. sibiricus (Ponomarenko, 2000)
= Zygadenia sibirica
Baojiatun Formation , China
N. baojiatunensis (Hong, 1992)
= Chengdecupes baojiatunensis
Dzun-Bain Formation , Mongolia
N. dundulaensis Ponomarenko, 1994
N. elegans Ponomarenko, 1994
Jehol Group , China
N. validus (Lin, 1976)
= Sinocupes validus
Khasurty Formation , Russia
N. khasurtyiensis Strelnikova, 2019
Laiyang Formation , China
N. laiyangensis (Hong, 1990)
= Forticupes laiyangensis
N. ludongensis Wang and Liu, 1996
N. tuanwangensis (Hong, 1990)
= Picticupes tuanwangensis
Shahai Formation , China
N. kezuoensis (Hong, 1987)
= Chengdecupes kezuoensis
Yixian Formation , China
N. alienus (Tan and Ren, 2006)
= Ovatocupes alienus
N. cyclodontus (Tan et al. , 2006)
= Amblomma cyclodonta
N. epicharis (Tan et al. , 2005)
= Amblomma epicharis
N. eumeurus (Tan et al. , 2006)
= Amblomma eumeura
N. minisculus (Tan et al. , 2006)
= Amblomma miniscula
N. porrectus (Tan et al. , 2006)
= Amblomma porrecta
N. protensus (Tan et al. , 2006)
= Amblomma protensa
N. psilatus (Tan et al. , 2005)
= Amblomma psilata
N. rudis (Tan et al. , 2006)
= Amblomma rudis
N. stabilis (Tan et al. , 2006)
= Amblomma stabilis
Zaza Formation , Russia
N. caudatus Ponomarenko, 1966
N. excellens Ponomarenko, 1966
N. vitimensis Ponomarenko, 1966
Jinju Formation , South Korea
N. premeris Lee et al. , 2022
Burmese amber , Myanmar
N. denticollis Jiang et al. , 2020 (sometimes placed in separate genus
Echinocups )
N. neli Tihelka et al. , 2019 (sometimes placed in separate genus Echinocups )
N. ohmkuhnlei Jarzembowski et al. , 2019 (sometimes placed in separate genus Echinocups )
Emanra Formation , Russia
N. khetanensis Ponomarenko in Cromov et al ., 1993
Kzyl-Zhar Locality, Kazakhstan
N. caducus Ponomarenko, 1969
^
a
b Li, Yan-Da; Tihelka, Erik; Yamamoto, Shûhei; Newton, Alfred F.; Xia, Fang-Yuan; Liu, Ye; Huang, Di-Ying; Cai, Chen-Yang (2023-08-22).
"Mesozoic Notocupes revealed as the sister group of Cupedidae (Coleoptera: Archostemata)" . Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution . 11 .
doi :
10.3389/fevo.2023.1015627 .
ISSN
2296-701X .
^ Kirejtshuk, Alexander G. (2020).
"Taxonomic Review of Fossil Coleopterous Families (Insecta, Coleoptera). Suborder Archostemata: Superfamilies Coleopseoidea and Cupedoidea" . Geosciences . 10 (2): 73.
Bibcode :
2020Geosc..10...73K .
doi :
10.3390/geosciences10020073 .
ISSN
2076-3263 .
^ Strelnikova, O.D.; Yan, E.V. (2021).
"Redescriptions of beetles of the Notocupes generic complex (Coleoptera: Archostemata: Ommatidae) from the Lower Cretaceous of Buryatia" . Palaeoentomology . 4 (5): 499–514.
doi :
10.11646/palaeoentomology.4.5.15 .
S2CID
240527664 .
^ Strelnikova, O.D.; Yan, E.V. (2023).
"Redescriptions of the Triassic Notocupes beetles (Archostemata: Ommatidae) from Kyrgyzstan and South Kazakhstan" . Palaeoentomology . 6 (2): 174–190.
doi :
10.11646/palaeoentomology.6.2.9 .
S2CID
258403180 .
^ Soo Bin Lee; Gi Soo Nam; Yan-Da Li (2022). "A new species of Notocupes (Coleoptera: Archostemata) from the Lower Cretaceous (Albian) Jinju Formation in South Korea". Cretaceous Research . 140 : 105357.
Bibcode :
2022CrRes.14005357L .
doi :
10.1016/j.cretres.2022.105357 .
S2CID
252147645 .
^ Li, Y.-D.; Tihelka, E.; Newton, A. F.; Huang, D.-Y.; Cai, C.-Y. (2023).
"New species of Notocupes (Coleoptera: Archostemata) from the Middle Jurassic Daohugou beds, with discussion on the generic circumscription" . Palaeoentomology . 6 (4): 398–415.
doi :
10.11646/palaeoentomology.6.4.11 .
^ Strelnikova, O.D.; Yan, E.V. (2023).
"On splitting of the genus Notocupes (Coleoptera: Archostemata): new data on morphology and taxonomy" . Far Eastern Entomologist . 488 : 1–28.
doi :
10.25221/fee.488.1 .