From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
A theoretical clade in the Eukaryota taxonomical domain
The Scotokaryotes (Cavalier-Smith) is a proposed basal
Neokaryote clade as sister of the
Diaphoretickes . Basal Scotokaryote groupings are the
Metamonads , the
Malawimonas and the
Podiata .
[2]
[3] In this phylogeny the
Discoba are sometimes seen as
paraphyletic and basal
Eukaryotes .
An alternative to the
Unikont –
Bikont division was suggested by Derelle et al. in 2015,
[1] where they proposed the
acronyms Opimoda –Diphoda respectively, as substitutes to the older terms (Opimoda includes the old 'unikonts', plus some former bikonts; Diphoda includes most of the old 'bikonts', but not all). The name Opimoda is formed from the letters (shown in capitals) of
OPIsthokonta and
aMOebozoa . In this phylogeny Discoba belongs to the Diphoda clade.
Taxonomy
A proposed cladogram is
[4]
[5]
[6]
[7]
[8]
[9]
[10]
[11]
[12] [
excessive citations ]
See also
References
^
a
b Derelle, Romain; Torruella, Guifré; Klimeš, Vladimír; Brinkmann, Henner; Kim, Eunsoo; Vlček, Čestmír; Lang, B. Franz; Eliáš, Marek (17 February 2015).
"Bacterial proteins pinpoint a single eukaryotic root" . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences . 112 (7): E693–E699.
Bibcode :
2015PNAS..112E.693D .
doi :
10.1073/pnas.1420657112 .
PMC
4343179 .
PMID
25646484 .
^ Cavalier-Smith, Thomas (2013-05-01). "Early evolution of eukaryote feeding modes, cell structural diversity, and classification of the protozoan phyla Loukozoa, Sulcozoa, and Choanozoa". European Journal of Protistology . 49 (2): 115–178.
doi :
10.1016/j.ejop.2012.06.001 .
PMID
23085100 .
^ Cavalier-Smith, Thomas (2017).
"Euglenoid pellicle morphogenesis and evolution in light of comparative ultrastructure and trypanosomatid biology: semi-conservative microtubule/strip duplication, strip shaping and transformation" . European Journal of Protistology . 61 (Pt A): 137–179.
doi :
10.1016/j.ejop.2017.09.002 .
PMID
29073503 .
^ Zaremba-Niedzwiedzka, Katarzyna; Caceres, Eva F.; Saw, Jimmy H.; Bäckström, Disa; Juzokaite, Lina; Vancaester, Emmelien; Seitz, Kiley W.; Anantharaman, Karthik; Starnawski, Piotr (2017-01-11).
"Asgard archaea illuminate the origin of eukaryotic cellular complexity" (PDF) . Nature . advance online publication (7637): 353–358.
Bibcode :
2017Natur.541..353Z .
doi :
10.1038/nature21031 .
ISSN
1476-4687 .
OSTI
1580084 .
PMID
28077874 .
S2CID
4458094 .
^ Derelle, Romain; Torruella, Guifré; Klimeš, Vladimír; Brinkmann, Henner; Kim, Eunsoo; Vlček, Čestmír; Lang, B. Franz; Eliáš, Marek (2015-02-17).
"Bacterial proteins pinpoint a single eukaryotic root" . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences . 112 (7): E693–E699.
Bibcode :
2015PNAS..112E.693D .
doi :
10.1073/pnas.1420657112 .
ISSN
0027-8424 .
PMC
4343179 .
PMID
25646484 .
^ Cavalier-Smith, T.; Chao, E. E.; Snell, E. A.; Berney, C.; Fiore-Donno, A. M.; Lewis, R. (2014).
"Multigene eukaryote phylogeny reveals the likely protozoan ancestors of opisthokonts (animals, fungi, choanozoans) and Amoebozoa" . Molecular Phylogenetics & Evolution . 81 : 71–85.
doi :
10.1016/j.ympev.2014.08.012 .
PMID
25152275 .
^ Cavalier-Smith, Thomas (2010-06-23).
"Kingdoms Protozoa and Chromista and the eozoan root of the eukaryotic tree" . Biology Letters . 6 (3): 342–345.
doi :
10.1098/rsbl.2009.0948 .
ISSN
1744-9561 .
PMC
2880060 .
PMID
20031978 .
^ He, Ding; Fiz-Palacios, Omar; Fu, Cheng-Jie; Fehling, Johanna; Tsai, Chun-Chieh; Baldauf, Sandra L. (2014).
"An Alternative Root for the Eukaryote Tree of Life" . Current Biology . 24 (4): 465–470.
Bibcode :
2014CBio...24..465H .
doi :
10.1016/j.cub.2014.01.036 .
PMID
24508168 .
^ Cavelier Smith (2013). "Early evolution of eukaryote feeding modes, cell structural diversity, and classification of the protozoan phyla Loukozoa, Sulcozoa, and Choanozoa". European Journal of Protistology . 49 (2): 115–178.
doi :
10.1016/j.ejop.2012.06.001 .
PMID
23085100 .
^ Hug, Laura A.; Baker, Brett J.; Anantharaman, Karthik; Brown, Christopher T.; Probst, Alexander J.; Castelle, Cindy J.; Butterfield, Cristina N.; Hernsdorf, Alex W.; Amano, Yuki (2016-04-11).
"A new view of the tree of life" . Nature Microbiology . 1 (5): 16048.
doi :
10.1038/nmicrobiol.2016.48 .
ISSN
2058-5276 .
PMID
27572647 .
^ Cavalier-Smith, Thomas; Chao, Ema E.; Lewis, Rhodri (2016-06-01).
"187-gene phylogeny of protozoan phylum Amoebozoa reveals a new class (Cutosea) of deep-branching, ultrastructurally unique, enveloped marine Lobosa and clarifies amoeba evolution" . Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution . 99 : 275–296.
doi :
10.1016/j.ympev.2016.03.023 .
PMID
27001604 .
^ Cavalier-Smith, Thomas (2017-09-05).
"Kingdom Chromista and its eight phyla: a new synthesis emphasising periplastid protein targeting, cytoskeletal and periplastid evolution, and ancient divergences" . Protoplasma . 255 (1): 297–357.
doi :
10.1007/s00709-017-1147-3 .
ISSN
0033-183X .
PMC
5756292 .
PMID
28875267 .