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Large rift basin in southern Sudan and South Sudan
The Muglad Basin is a large
rift basin in
Northern Africa. The basin is situated within southern
Sudan and
South Sudan, and it covers an area of approximately 120,000 square kilometres (46,000 sq mi) across the two nations. It contains a number of
hydrocarbon accumulations of various sizes, the largest of which are the
Heglig and
Unity oil fields.[1] During the 1960s and 1970s,
Chevron made the first oil discoveries in the basin near the towns of
Bentiu,
Malakal, and
Muglad.[2] Taken together, the Muglad and
Melut rift basins account for the majority of Sudan's known oil reserves.[3]
The oil fields of the Muglad Basin are connected to
Port Sudan on the
Red Sea by the
Greater Nile Oil Pipeline which begins at the
Unity oil field.[4] Oil extracted in Muglad is known as "Nile Blend" crude. It is refined at Khartoum for export and domestic consumption.[5] Further
oil exploration in the Muglad Basin commenced in February 2008.[6]