Marlin Keith Jensen (born May 18, 1942) is an American attorney who has been a
general authority of
the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) since 1989. He served as the official
Church Historian and Recorder of the church from 2005 to 2012. He was the 19th man to hold that calling since it was established in 1830.[1] Jensen was made an emeritus general authority in the October 2012 general conference.
Professionally, Jensen was an attorney in private practice in
Ogden, Utah, specializing in business and estate planning.[2] This supported his real passion of living a farming lifestyle.[4] His family operates a ranching enterprise called Jensens' Middle Fork Ranch, in which he is a partner.[6]
In 1989, Jensen became a member of the
First Quorum of the Seventy at the age of 46.[8] In 1993, he was made assistant executive director of the church's Priesthood Department,[9] later becoming executive director until 2001.[10] From 1993 to 1995, while a general authority, Jensen served as
president of the church's
New YorkRochesterMission. In 1995, Jensen became a member of the church's Public Affairs Committee.[11] From 1996 to 1998 he was executive director of the Church Historical Department.[12] He served in the First Quorum of the Seventy until 1998, when he became a member of the
Presidency of the Seventy, and in 2000 he also became the general president of the church's
Sunday School. Jensen served in these positions until 2001. In 2004, he replaced
D. Todd Christofferson as executive director of the Family and Church History Department,[13] a position he held previously when it was just the Historical Department. In 2005, he became the first
Church Historian and Recorder to serve since 1997.[1] He served in this capacity until 2012 and was designated an emeritus general authority in October 2012.
Not a trained historian or academic, Jensen brought a passion to his work; reading widely, gathering scholars, and implementing changes. Observers reported that his contributions "helped transform the Utah-based faith's approach to its history," and saw the church's history department "truly come of age."[16][17]Terryl Givens said of his legacy, "Marlin Jensen has done more to further the cause of Mormon history than any person of the current generation."[16]
Several major developments occurred during Jensen's leadership over the Church History Department.
Joseph Smith Papers Project: In 2001, the
LDS Church and
BYU created the Joseph Smith Papers Project, intended to revise and expand on the longtime work of
Dean C. Jessee to collect and publish all known writings of
Joseph Smith. Under Jensen, the project expanded into a 30-some volume, multi-year effort endorsed by the National Historical Publications and Records Commission of the
National Archives. In 2005, Jensen said this was "the single most significant historical project of our generation".[18]
Church History Library: Plans were finalized in 2005 to build a new 250,000-square-foot (23,000 m2), 5 floor building near
Temple Square to house the church archives and history department staff.[19] It was opened to the general public in June 2009.[20]
Church Historian's Press: On February 25, 2008, a new imprint called the Church Historian's Press was announced as the long-awaited publisher for the
Joseph Smith Papers. Jensen mentioned the press could be used to publish
George Q. Cannon's journals or other documentary works, and perhaps someday narrative histories and biographies that make use of the Church Archives.[18]
Separate department: On March 12, 2008, the Family and Church History Department was divided into the Family History Department and the Church History Department.[23]
Mountain Meadows: At the 2007 sesquicentennial of the
Mountain Meadows massacre, descendants of the victims petitioned the LDS Church to secure
landmark status for its holdings at the Mountain Meadows site.[24] On March 28, 2008, Jensen addressed these families and said the LDS Church would seek
National Historic Landmark designation for these properties,[25] which was granted in 2011.[26] He worked to strengthen relationships with the victims' descendants[27] and encouraged publication of a new "no-holds-barred" history, coauthored by Jensen's Assistant, Richard Turley.[28]
Technological modernization: Thousands of the LDS Church's historical documents were mass digitized and made freely available online, including the Joseph Smith Papers. Historian
Jan Shipps called this "a change that is so epochal it would be very hard to turn it back."[16] In addition to developing a new church-wide system for digitally collecting and managing records, the Church History Library's searchable catalog was made available online.[27][28] A five-year plan was developed for using technology to preserve and share LDS history.[17]
International history: The Church History Department decentralized its collecting of international church history. Church Historians were called for individual Areas and countries, and oral histories were to be gathered from mission presidents and area presidents when they were released. Before this time, little had been done to gather international church history.[17] Jensen saw this project as "one of the significant accomplishments in this period of time."[28]
Historical professionalism: Jensen worked to make the Church History Department authoritative and trusted within the LDS Church, as well as by "historians who write from different points of view". Jensen strained to make archive materials more publicly available and to set the tone of "unflinching honesty ... for a whole new generation of LDS academics." He attended academic conferences and was the first LDS general authority at the
Mormon History Association annual meeting.[16][27][28]
In January 2012, it was announced that, after a transition period,
Steven E. Snow would replace Jensen as the Church Historian and Recorder later in the year.[16] Snow succeeded Jensen on August 1, 2012.[29] On October 6, 2012, Jensen was then released from the First Quorum of the Seventy and designated as an emeritus general authority at the LDS Church's semi-annual general conference. LDS Church practice is to release Seventies from service following their 70th birthdays, which Jensen had observed in May of that year.[27][29]
Major statements
Jensen at times addressed the press or public as a church representative. He often acted as a peacemaker, attempting to bring understanding or empathy to divisive issues. While not always official church positions, his statements illustrated his candid views as a leader within the LDS Church.[27]
Political parties
On April 22, 1998, Jensen was sent by the
First Presidency to give an interview with the Salt Lake Tribune in reaction to a 1998 First Presidency statement[30] and to explicitly state that someone could be a devout Mormon and a member of the
Democratic Party.[11] He lamented the decline of the
Utah Democratic Party, and regretted that the
Republican Party might be seen as the "church party". He felt that good Latter-day Saints will have conflicts with either party's platform, from which they must selectively pick and choose.[11]
Coming from a church official on assignment from the First Presidency, the comments surprised many prominent Utah politicians and Latter-day Saints.[27][31]
The Mormons (PBS)
Jensen featured prominently in the 2007
PBS documentary The Mormons. His March 7, 2006 interview probed a variety of subjects, including some controversial topics.[32]
Doubt: Jensen described questioning his religion while in philosophy classes where he had to "test [his] belief against ... other theories." This led him to reinforce his faith through deeper study.
Correlation: "We are really trying to take account of cultural differences and to not feel that this Utah influence or even the American influence has to be worldwide."
Folklore of the
priesthood ban: Jensen recalled his attempts to have the church repudiate the rationale some use to explain the priesthood ban.[33]
Historical truth claims: "I think we take it very literally. We don't deconstruct and feel that what we have is the figment of language or our imagination, or that there is some middle ground. I know that is very polarizing. In a sense, I think the hardest public relations sell we have to make is that this is the only true church."
Homosexuality: Jensen said the gospel allows either heterosexuality or celibacy. He empathized with celibate gay members, since the church cannot offer them hope of eventually finding love in this life as it can with single heterosexuals.
Faith-promoting history: Jensen questioned whether the
Church Historian should only focus on reinforcing faith, or if he should also focus on "objective" histories.
Excommunicable doctrines: Jensen mentioned that members may receive disciplinary action in supporting
gay marriage or opposing
Book of Mormon divinity, if they are "openly vocal" and "malign the leadership in the church for not adopting that position."
Illegal immigrants
On February 13, 2008, Jensen urged the
Utah State Legislature to show compassion in considering laws that would affect
undocumented immigrants.[34] Several bills were under debate to block undocumented access to jobs and public benefits, such as in-state tuition and driving privilege cards.[35] On behalf of the
First Presidency[36] at
Westminster College'sInterfaith Dialogue on Immigration, Jensen said lawmakers should "take a step back" since this "deal[s] with God's children" and "a more humane approach is warranted".[34]
Historical openness
In a February 25, 2008 press release about the new Church Historian's Press publishing the
Joseph Smith Papers, Jensen offered instruction on how to approach church history. He asked for LDS historians to "not be in an apologetic mode, but to be as open, candid and fair about our own history as we can". They should foster a culture of mutual openness with the general historical community. Jensen observed "greater dialogue coming about, less suspicion and a greater openness that is coming to pass".
FLDS polygamy
On May 5, 2008, Jensen officially responded to
Timothy Egan's New York Times op-ed piece which claimed that
FLDS polygamy "is a look back at some of the behavior of Mormonism's founding fathers".[37] Jensen strongly disagreed and pointed out that by 19th-century norms a 15-year-old bride was not unusual nor considered abused and the "common-law marriage age for women was 12".
Plural marriages were "not controlled by the authority of one individual" and "the consent of individual women was always honored in any marriage proposal". In addition, many 19th-century polygamous wives were well-educated, politically active professionals.[38]
Gay marriage
On September 19, 2010, members of the Oakland, California
stake were invited to share with Jensen their experiences and troubles over the LDS Church's involvement in the
Proposition 8 campaign to ban gay marriage in California. After several recounted their painful experiences, Jensen responded with empathy and a personal apology, saying, "To the full extent of my capacity, I say that I am sorry .... I know that many very good people have been deeply hurt, and I know that the Lord expects better of us."[27][39]
Modern apostasy
At the invitation of Utah State University professor
Philip Barlow, Jensen held a "Q&A" with a Mormon Studies student group on November 11, 2011. Jensen was asked if church leaders were aware that members were discovering problems with LDS Church history through the internet, and what is to be done for those who may be affected or "who are already leaving in droves". Jensen responded that top church leaders "realize that, maybe, since Kirtland we've never had a period of, I'll call it apostasy, like we're having right now, largely over these issues." He said a new church initiative would give answers to troubling questions, and such issues should be discussed more openly with the new internet-savvy generation. These remarks were recorded by a student and circulated online, and were picked up in a Reuters "Special Report". Jensen later clarified that critics were overstating his remarks, saying "To say we are experiencing some Titanic-like wave of apostasy is inaccurate."[40][41][42][43]
Personal life
Jensen married Kathleen Bushnell on June 9, 1967 in the
Salt Lake Temple. They are the parents of eight children.[4]
^"Elder Marlin K. Jensen". Keynote Speakers and Frequent Presenters. Evergreen International. Archived from
the original on 2008-12-03. Retrieved 2008-05-28.
^Harrie, Dan (May 3, 1998). "GOP Dominance Troubles Church; It hurts Utah, says general authority, disavowing any perceived Republican-LDS Link; LDS Official Calls for More Political Diversity". Salt Lake Tribune.
NewsBank Archive Article ID: 100F27A0D62170FB.
Archive of
online reprint by UtahCountyDems.com
^"Marlin Jensen". The Mormons: Interviews.
PBS. March 7, 2006. Retrieved 2008-06-02.
^
abIn 1837 the callings of Church Historian and Church Recorder were separated, but in 1842 these callings were again merged.
^Starting in 1978, the duties of Church Historians fell to the Executive director of the historical department.
^While Larsen was still technically Church Historian until 1997, others succeeded him as Executive Director of the Historical Department, and those men were sometimes referred to as the Official Church Historians.
^In 2005 the callings of Church Historian and Church Recorder was restored.
1. Emeritus general authorities are individuals who have been released from active duties as general authorities. However, they remain general authorities of the church until their death. Except for the three former members of the Presiding Bishopric noted, all living emeritus general authorities are former members of the
First or Second Quorums of the Seventy. 2. These former members of the
Presiding Bishopric did not serve as a Seventy during their time as a general authority.