Marjorie Elizabeth Dulcie Bick (11 December 1915 – 18 October 2013)[1] was an Australian biochemist.
Born the daughter of Charles William Bick of
Sandringham, Marjorie studied at
Firbank Girl's Grammar School[2][3] from 1920 and
matriculated in 1932 to undertake a Bachelor of Science degree at the University of Melbourne in 1937, then completed a Master of Science Degree at Melbourne in 1941.[4][5]
Biochemist
Bick began her career as a biochemist at the
Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research,[6] which beside the
Commonwealth Serum Laboratories, was then one of the few institutions offering women in Australia the opportunity of a scientific career.[7][8] She was amongst a number of notable biochemists, mostly women, like
Beryl Splatt and
Lorna Silvester who had a major influence on the nation's development of clinical biochemistry,[9] She worked in the field of blood transfusion specialising in the production of
blood serum in the laboratory.[10]
In 1939 she was seconded to the
Australian Red Cross Society (Victorian Division) Blood Transfusion Services.[11] In 1940 she drove from Melbourne with Sheila Summons, Nancy Hayward and Kathleen Gilles to attend the Science Congress in Canberra where she discussed problems in blood transfusion with the Adelaide committee.[12][13]
World War Two
Bick was invited to the USA and Canada with Dr
Lucy Bryce to study developments in blood transfusion,[14][15] and worked at
Harvard University in the Plasma Fractionation Laboratory. Her research found a direct correlation between the
platelet count of human blood, and its
vasoconstrictor activity after clotting.[16] Returning to Australia, she became biochemist to the Australian Red Cross Society, overseeing Victoria's Red Cross Blood Bank during WW2,[17] during which she held the rank of captain in the
Australian Army Medical Corps.
By 1944 she was Honorary Director of Training and Equipment at the Blood Bank in the
Royal Melbourne Hospital and traveled again with Dr Bryce to study in America.[18][19] They arrived on the S.S.Kanangoora in March 1945[20] and visited the Hooper Research Foundation in
Los Angeles then traveled to
New Orleans and
Washington,[21] and attended a conference of the Blood Substitutes Committee of the
National Research Council.[22]
Bryce then traveled to investigate clinical methods while Bick stayed on in Boston for eighteen months undertaking laboratory work on
plasma fractionation in the Department of Physical Chemistry at
Harvard Medical School under Professor
Edwin J. Cohn, a pioneer in the field.[23][24][25] She and Bryce reported on war conditions and attitudes to Australia in America[26] and on the mass production methods at the
Cutter Laboratories of packing and shipping plasma and whole blood to be parachuted into the
Pacific war zones.[22][27][28] Their research coincided with a plan to expand the Blood Bank into a new floor of the Royal Melbourne Hospital.[29]
Post-war career
In 1949, Bick concluded nine years of work for the Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service and joined the
Alfred Hospital as a Senior Biochemist where she oversaw the management and implementation of new laboratory procedures at the Hospital.[30][31][32][33] Recipient of a
Fulbright Scholarship in 1955, she studied new techniques in the USA at the
Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, and in the United Kingdom at the Isotope School of the Atomic Energy Commission and at
University College, London.[11]
Bick was a founding member and Victorian representative 1961–1963 of the Australasian Association of Clinical Biochemists (AACB) which was established 26 May 1961 during an
ANZAAS Congress in
Brisbane.[9]
Bick then pursued her interest in environmental science[34] and was awarded a Research Scholarship for research at the
National Institute of Environmental Health in
North Carolina 1967–1969, and then 1969–1971 worked as a biochemist at the
Medical Research Council, Division of Clinical Chemistry, in the
United Kingdom, publishing on the effect of human exposure to pesticides[35] and to hydrocarbons.[36] Her analysis by
gas-liquid chromatography of biopsy specimens of human body fat collected in 1965 from 53 individuals found DDT-derived material and dieldrin present in all samples; a mean concentration of total DDT equivalent stored was 1.81 ppm, and the mean concentration of dieldrin was 0.046 ppm.[37] In other investigations she found that occupational exposure to
esterase inhibitors used as pesticides in a group of orchardists, when spraying with reasonable care, is sufficient to cause a decrease in red-cell
acetylcholinesterase activity.[38]
In the 1950s Bick was a member and secretary of the first all-women sailing club, The Victorian Ladies' Yacht Club.[39][40][41][42] Retired in 1980, Bick ran a Victorian country Post Office and general store, later living in
Canberra and then
Brighton. She died on 18 October 2013.
^Wassermann, M.; Tomatis, L.; Wassermann, Dora (1975), "Organochlorine Compounds In The General Population Of The Seventies And Some Of Their Biological Effects (In Man And Animals)", Pesticide Chemistry–3, Elsevier, pp. 189–208,
doi:
10.1016/b978-0-408-70708-4.50021-1,
ISBN9780408707084
^"Insects and Insect-borne Diseases". Public Health Engineering Abstracts. Vol. XLVII, no. 9. U. S. Department Of Health, Education, And Welfare : Public Health Service. September 1967. p. 283.
^"Occupational Health". Public Health Engineering Abstracts. Vol. XLVII, no. 9. U. S. Department Of Health, Education, And Welfare : Public Health Service. September 1967. p. 293.
^Tyler, Janet E. (2001). A History of the Victorian Ladies' Yacht Club, 1945-1983. Cheltenham, Victoria.{{
cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
link)