Ronald Himes (1997) divides Kalinga into three dialects: Masadiit (in
Abra), Northern Kalinga, and South-Central Kalinga.[2]
Ethnologue reports the following locations for each of the eight Kalinga languages it identifies. Banao Itneg is classified by Ethnologue as Kalinga rather than Itneg.
Butbut Kalinga: spoken in
Kalinga Province: Tinglayan and Butbut; Buscalan, Bugnay, Loccong, and Ngibat;
Tabuk City, Lucnang, Pakak, Kataw, and Dinongsay. Also in
Rizal: Annunang, Malapiat, Andarayan, and Bua. 15,000 speakers. Language status is 5 (developing),[3] 1,000
monoglots.[3]
Limos Kalinga (Limos-Liwan Kalinga, Northern Kalinga): spoken in
Kalinga Province (
Tabuk City, north to border) and
Conner municipality,
Apayao Province. 12,700 speakers. Language status is 5 (developing).[4]
Lubuagan Kalinga: spoken in
Kalinga Province (
Lubuagan and
Tabuk City). 30,000 speakers. Dialects are Guinaang, Balbalasang, Ableg-Salegseg, and Balatok-Kalinga (Balatok-Itneg). Pasil Kalinga.,[5] Language status is 5 (developing).[5]
Tanudan Kalinga (Lower Tanudan, Lower Tanudan Kalinga, Mangali Kalinga): spoken at the southern end of the
Tanudan valley in southern
Kalinga Province. 11,200 speakers as of 1998. Dialects are Minangali (Mangali), Tinaloctoc (Taluctoc), Pinangol (Pangul), Dacalan, and Lubo. Language status is 5 (developing). 1,120
monoglots.[9]
Banao Itneg (Banao, Banaw, Itneg, Timggian, Tinguian, Vanaw, Vyanaw, Bhanaw Tinggian): spoken in
Kalinga Province (
Balbalan and
Pasil municipalities) and
Abra (
Daguioman and
Malibcong municipalities). 3,500 speakers as of 2003. Dialects are Malibcong Banao, Banao Pikekj, Gubang Itneg and Daguioman.[10]
^Gieser, C. Richard (1972). Kalinga sequential discourse. Philippine Journal of Linguistics 3. pp. 15–33.{{
cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (
link) CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
link)
^Gieser, C. Richard (1958). The phonemes of Kalinga. In Studies in Philippine linguistics. pp. 10–23.{{
cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
link)
Further reading
Ferreirinho, Naomi (1993). Selected topics in the grammar of Limos Kalinga, the Philippines. Pacific Linguistics Series B-109. Canberra: Dept. of Linguistics, Research School of Pacific Studies, The Australian National University.
doi:10.15144/PL-B109.
hdl:1885/145804.
ISBN978-0-85883-419-4.
Brainard, Sherri (1985).
Upper Tanudan Kalinga texts. Studies in Philippine Linguistics Supplementary Series: Philippine Texts, 1. Manila: Linguistic Society of the Philippines and Summer Institute of Linguistics.
Gieser, C. Richard (1987).
Guinaang Kalinga texts. Studies in Philippine Linguistics Supplementary Series: Philippine Texts, 4. Manila: Linguistic Society of the Philippines and Summer Institute of Linguistics.
Olson, Kenneth S.; Machlan, Glenn; Amangao, Nelson (2008). "Minangali (Kalinga) Digital Wordlist: Presentation Form". Language Documentation & Conservation. 2 (1).
hdl:10125/1772.