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American statistician and psychologist
Jacob Cohen (April 20, 1923 – January 20, 1998) was an American
psychologist and
statistician best known for his work on
statistical power and
effect size , which helped to lay foundations for current statistical
meta-analysis
[1]
[2] and the methods of
estimation statistics . He gave his name to such measures as
Cohen's kappa ,
Cohen's d , and
Cohen's h .
Power analysis and significance testing
In addition to being an advocate of power analysis and effect size, Cohen was a critic of reliance on, and lack of understanding of, significance testing procedures used in statistics, especially misunderstandings of null hypothesis significance testing. In particular, he identified the "near universal misinterpretation of p as the probability that H0 is false, the misinterpretation that its complement is the probability of successful replication, and the mistaken assumption that if one rejects H0 one thereby affirms the theory that led to the test".
[3] He encouraged instead a recognition of single studies as exploratory and a reliance on
replication for support.
Career
A graduate of
City College , he received his PhD in clinical psychology at
New York University in 1950.
Between 1959 and retirement in 1993 he worked in the psychology department at New York University, latterly as the head of the
quantitative psychology group.
[4]
He was awarded the Distinguished Lifetime Achievement Award by the
American Psychological Association in 1997 and was a fellow of the
American Association for the Advancement of Science , the American Psychological Association and the
American Statistical Association .
[4]
Selected works
Below are listed some of Cohen's works. Where multiple authors are present, full names are used to facilitate reader searches for other works by those authors.
Jacob Cohen (1960), "A coefficient of agreement for nominal scales", Educational and Psychological Measurement , 20 (1): 37–46,
doi :
10.1177/001316446002000104 ,
hdl :
1942/28116 ,
S2CID
15926286
Jacob Cohen (October 1968), "Weighted kappa: Nominal scale agreement provision for scaled disagreement or partial credit",
Psychological Bulletin , 70 (4): 213–220,
doi :
10.1037/h0026256 ,
PMID
19673146
Jacob Cohen (1968),
"Multiple regression as a general data-analytic system" (PDF) , Psychological Bulletin , 70 (6): 426–443,
CiteSeerX
10.1.1.476.6180 ,
doi :
10.1037/h0026714 , archived from
the original (PDF) on 11 June 2011, retrieved 11 July 2010
Jacob Cohen (1988),
Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences (2nd ed.), New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates,
ISBN
978-0-8058-0283-2 , retrieved 24 November 2023
Jacob Cohen (1992),
"A power primer" (PDF) , Psychological Bulletin , 112 (1): 155–159,
doi :
10.1037/0033-2909.112.1.155 ,
PMID
19565683 , archived from
the original (PDF) on 20 July 2011, retrieved 10 July 2010
Jacob Cohen (June 1992),
"Statistical power analysis" (PDF) , Current Directions in Psychological Science , 1 (3): 98–101,
doi :
10.1111/1467-8721.ep10768783 ,
JSTOR
20182143 ,
S2CID
144390805 , retrieved 10 July 2010
Jacob Cohen (December 1994),
"The Earth is round (p < .05)" (PDF) ,
American Psychologist , 49 (12): 997–1003,
doi :
10.1037/0003-066x.49.12.997 , archived from
the original (PDF) on 20 January 2012, retrieved 11 July 2010
Patricia Cohen; Jacob Cohen (1996),
Life Values and Adolescent Mental Health , New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates,
ISBN
978-0-8058-1774-4 , retrieved 10 July 2010
Michael Borenstein; Hannah Rothstein; Jacob Cohen; David Schoenfeld; Jesse Berliln; Edward Lakatos (2001),
Power and Precision: A computer program for statistical power analysis and confidence intervals , Englewood, New Jersey: Biostat, Inc,
ISBN
978-0-9709662-0-9 , retrieved 10 July 2010
Jacob Cohen; Patricia Cohen; Stephen G. West;
Leona S. Aiken (2003),
Applied Multiple Regression/Correlation Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences (3rd ed.), New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates,
ISBN
978-0-8058-2223-6 , retrieved 10 July 2010
References
^
"Cohen's entry in Encyclopedia of Statistics in Behavioral Science" (PDF) .
Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-01-30. Retrieved 2008-02-15 .
^ Borenstein, Michael (1999),
"Jacob Cohen, PhD, 1923-1998" , Archives of General Psychiatry , 56 (6): 581,
doi :
10.1001/archpsyc.56.6.581 ,
PMID
23538686 , archived from
the original on August 8, 2007
^ Cohen, J. (1994). The earth is round (p < .05). American Psychologist, 49 (12), 997–1003. doi:10.1037/0003-066x.49.12.997
^
a
b Saxon, Wolfgang (7 February 1998).
"Jacob Cohen, 74, Psychologist and Pioneer in Statistical Studies" . The New York Times .
Archived from the original on 10 January 2017. Retrieved 16 February 2017 .
External links
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