A human pyramid is an
acrobatic formation of three or more people in which two or more people support a tier of higher people, who in turn may support other, higher tiers of people. People above the bottom tier may kneel or stand on the shoulders, backs or thighs of the people below them. Typically, the number of people in each tier is one greater than the tier immediately above it, resulting in a triangular structure reminiscent of the formation's namesake.
For practical reasons, lighter people are often positioned higher in the formation and stronger, heavier people are located closer to the base. Human pyramids are performed in various activities, including cheerleading and in
circus acrobatics.
Traditions involving human pyramids
China
Human pyramids are often formed to reach for the bun during the Chinese
Bun Festival.
The
Czech Sokol movement is a youth sport movement and gymnastics organization founded in Prague in 1862. It was primarily a fitness training center for the nation. The movement also spread across other Slavic regions. Some of the Sokol exercises included human pyramids.
During the
Hindu festival
Krishna Janmashtami in
Maharashtra, young men form human pyramids to reach pots filled with curd and butter and suspended high above the ground as part of the Dahi Handi ritual.
Spain
Algemesí holds a Human Pyramid Festival annually on September 8 as a component of the Fiesta de La Virgen de la Salud (Virgin of Good Health). The
muixeranga, or
acrobats, form the human towers.[1]
The "castellers" of
Catalonia form human pyramids, named
castells ("castles"), up to ten men high. In Catalonia, severals statues commemorate this old tradition. In
Tarragona the castellers form human towers during the
Santa Tecla Festival in September and during the Sant Magi festival, held annually in mid-August.[2]
The
Falcons are traditional teams in Catalonia who build human pyramids and towers. They follow different rules from the ones of the castells.
Human pyramid built by a "Falcons" team in Catalonia
United States
It is used in bonding, e.g. as part of a North American college
fraternityhazing ritual, or in a variation called a spanking pyramid, suitable as a
collective punishment, in which the pledges, often divested, are paddled on the conveniently protruded posterior.
Boy Scouts and
Girl Scouts may hold competitions where the patrol that builds a human pyramid using all the scouts in their patrol the fastest, wins.[3]
University performance groups use human pyramids as large-scale
acrobalance. The University of Maryland Gymkana Troupe keeps a tradition alive by building a series of pyramids during every one of their large shows. The Washington Adventist University Acro-Airs create 3-person high pyramids while combining cheer-based skills and tumbling passes.
Veneto
In Venice until the eighteenth century there were human towers formed by Castellani and Nicolotti, inhabitants of different parts of Venice. Their human towers, maximum of 8 levels of men, were called Forze d'Ercole. At the top there was a child, usually called the Cimiereto.[4]
Cheerleading
Cheerleaders warming up for competition
Cheerleaders may perform human pyramids with more difficult
stunt sequences and
gymnastics incorporated into routines. In cheerleading, pyramids are multiple groups of stunts connected aerially by the flyers. This connection may be made by simple linking of hands or having a multi-level pyramid. The flyers already in the air act as primary bases for another flyer or flyers on top of them.