Consonants
|
IPA |
Examples |
English approximation
|
b
|
(
WL) biott, dubbi, (
EL) biót, döbe
|
bud
|
d
|
(
WL) lader, drizz, (
EL) làder, drécc
|
day
|
dz
|
(
WL) mezzaluna, ruzzà, mezz metter
[1]
[2]
[3]
|
cods
|
dʒ
|
(
WL) veggia, gent, giovin, resgiô, lecc grand, (
EL) ègia, regiùr
[1]
[4]
|
juice
|
f
|
(
WL) boffà, oeuv, (
EL) bofà, öf
[1]
|
fit
|
ɡ
|
(
WL) gatt, bagaj, (
EL) gat, bagài
|
good
|
h
|
(
EL) presidènt, sùra, dés, sich, sènt, pesàda, sigóla, pès
[3]
[5]
|
ham
|
k
|
(
WL) can, marches, foeugh, (
EL) cà, marchés, föch
[1]
|
sky
|
l
|
lacc, caròtola, (
WL) ballon, vioeula, (
EL) balù, viöla, pedriöl
[6]
|
lock
|
m
|
(
WL) mes'cià, (
EL) mes-cià, campiù
[7]
[8]
|
maid
|
ɱ
|
(
EL) banfà, convegnì
[7]
[8]
|
triumph
|
n
|
nòcc, (
WL) danee, (
EL) danér, cantù, sentì
[7]
[8]
|
den
|
ŋ
|
(
EL) ànga, mànche
[7]
[8]
|
long
|
ɲ
|
(
WL) gnucca, legn, (
EL) gnöca, lègn, àzegn
[8]
|
opinion
|
p
|
(
WL) piasè, goeubb, (
EL) piasér, gòp
[1]
|
spite
|
r
|
(
WL) roeuda, porscell, corr, caròtola, vioeula, (
EL) röda, porsèl, cór
[6]
|
trilled r
|
s
|
(
WL) pressident, sora, dis, zuccher, lenzoeu,
cazzoeula, mezz, dersett, scova, (
EL) presidènt, sùra, dés, sich, sènt, pesàda, sigóla, pès, scùa
[1]
[2]
[3]
|
same
|
ʃ
|
(
WL) pesciada, scigolla, pesg, scenna, scova, (
EL) scéna
[1]
[9]
|
shame
|
t
|
(
WL) todesch, giald, (
EL) todèsch, zalt
[1]
|
stay
|
ts
|
(
WL) zuccher, lenzoeu,
cazzoeula, mezz, dersett, (
EL) söcher, lensöl, casöla, mès, dersèt
[1]
[2]
[3]
|
pets
|
tʃ
|
(
WL) mas'c, vegg, ciocca, cinch, cent, tucc trii, (
EL) mascc, ècc, ciòca, lesiù
[1]
[5]
|
chain
|
ʋ
|
(
WL) violin, el vent, cavej, on pò de vent, (
EL) viulì, ol vènt
[1]
[10]
|
between wet and vet
|
z
|
desmentegà, (
WL) basell, s'gionf, mezzaluna, ruzzà, mezz metter, (
EL) bazèl, sgiónf, mezalüna, rözà, mès méter, zét, zùen, rezùr
[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
|
zone
|
ʒ
|
(
WL) resgiô, desmentegà
[1]
[4]
|
vision
|
Non-native consonants
|
ʎ
|
(
WL) botteglia, (
EL) butìglia
|
million
|
|
Semivowels
|
IPA |
Examples |
English approximation
|
j
|
(
WL) piatt, tajà, mej, lezion, (
EL) piàt, taià, mèi, lècc grant, töcc tré
[1]
|
yes
|
w
|
(
WL) aqua, sguerc, s'ciao, (
EL) àqua, sguèrs
|
way
|
|
Vowels
[11]
|
IPA |
Examples |
English approximation
|
Short vowels
|
a
|
abità, (
WL) mamma, Bressa, perchè, semper,
[12] (
EL) mama, Brèsa, cantù, pader, lombard, nacc, ach, italià
[13]
|
manner (
Scotland)
|
e
|
pelà, perchè, (
WL) semper, cortellin, elencà, elettrega, vedemm, besògn,
[12] (
EL) envéren, méter, sèmper, elencà, elètrega, edóm, bezògn, öle, vendedùr, dét, prensépe, isé, prém, mel, dré, seré, décc, énte
[14]
|
bay
|
ɛ
|
(
WL) regn, adess, invern, metter, savè, domènega, (
EL) règn, adès, pelà, perchè, sèmper, elencà, elètrega, edóm, bezògn, öle, vendedùr, prensépe, setèmber
[14]
|
bed
|
i
|
(
WL) inscì, primm, Milan, elettrega, vedemm, besògn,
[12] (
EL) curtilì, saì, dümìnica, Milà, simpàtech, finìcc, cunusìcc, mìa, giardì
|
beet, but shorter
|
o
|
(
EL) s-ciào, Cóm, cólda, ólter, ólta, póch, conós, óst, modéren, colùr, popolasiù, compàgn, piemontés, ciót, faró, alóra, próa, segónt
[15]
|
law (
RP), but shorter
|
ɔ
|
(
WL) nòmm, anmò, Còmm, oeuli, vòlta, pocch, cognoss, (
EL) nòm, amò, mama, Brèsa
[13]
[15]
|
off
|
ø
|
(
WL) oeugg,
[16] (
EL) öcc, öle, töarà, cöcömer, pröa, töcc, piö, löster, cöntà, encö, zöga, löna, scör, cönt, öndes
[15]
|
bird (
RP), but shorter
|
u
|
(
WL) agost, modern, pocch, cognoss, sô, color, popolazion, comun, tovarà, cocumer, (
EL) sul, culùr, pupulasiù, piemuntés, cumpuzisiù, alùra, amùr, put, nasiù
|
cool, but shorter
|
y
|
(
WL) tucc, pussee, luster, comunicazion, busecca, (
EL) lüna, scür, cümü, büzèca
|
foot (
Scotland)
|
Short
nasal vowels
[8]
|
ã
|
(
WL) banfà, campion, canton
|
sang (
Scotland)
|
ẽ
|
(
WL) sentì, asen, venditor
|
sang (
Southern U.S.)
|
ĩ
|
(
WL) prinzipi, simpategh
|
ring
|
ũ
|
(
WL) compagn, piemontes, composizion, convegnì
|
no English equivalent; nasalized /u/
|
ỹ
|
(
WL) cuntà
|
no English equivalent; nasalized /y/
|
Long vowels
|
aː
|
(
WL) pader, lombard, andaa, calda, alter
[17]
|
father
|
eː
|
(
WL) mel, dree
|
bay
|
iː
|
(
WL) dii, prinzipi, finii
|
beet
|
oː
|
(
WL) calda, alter, oeuli, vòlta
[15]
|
law (
RP)
|
uː
|
(
WL) ciod, faroo, alora, amor
|
cool
|
øː
|
(
WL) proeuva, incoeu, oeuli, vòlta
[15]
|
bird (
RP)
|
yː
|
(
WL) giuga, luna, scur, cuu, cognossuu
|
few (
Scotland)
|
Long nasal vowels
[8]
|
ãː
|
(
WL) vanga, manchi, anca, italian
|
sang (
Scotland)
|
ẽː
|
(
WL) settember, seren
|
sang (
Southern U.S.)
|
ĩː
|
(
WL) dinc, vint, minga, giardin
|
no English equivalent; nasalized /iː/
|
ũː
|
(
WL) segond, pont, nazion
|
no English equivalent; nasalized /uː/
|
ỹː
|
(
WL) cunt, vundes, comun
|
no English equivalent; nasalized /yː/
|
|
Suprasegmentals
|
IPA |
Examples |
Explanation
|
ˈ
|
(
WL) insemma [ĩˈsɛma], (
EL) ensèma [ɛnˈsɛma]
|
primary stress
|
ˌ
|
(
WL) tirabuscion [ˌti(ː)rabyˈʃũː], (
EL) tirabosù [ˌtiraboˈsu]
|
secondary stress
|
.
|
(
WL) sciador [ʃi.aˈduːr], (
EL) sciadùr [ʃi.aˈdur]
|
syllable break
|
ː
|
(
WL) tròpp dolz [ˌtrɔ‿ˈdːul(t)s], (
EL) tròp dóls [ˌtrɔ‿ˈdːols]
[3]
|
geminated consonant
|
|