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Antiviral drug
Galidesivir
Legal status
(2S ,3S ,4R ,5R )-2-(4-Amino-5H -pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)pyrrolidine-3,4-diol
CAS Number
PubChem
CID
ChemSpider
UNII
Formula C 11 H 15 N 5 O 3
Molar mass 265.273 g·mol−1 3D model (
JSmol )
O[C@H]3[C@H](c2c1ncnc(N)c1[nH]c2)N[C@H](CO)[C@H]3O
InChI=1S/C11H15N5O3/c12-11-8-6(14-3-15-11)4(1-13-8)7-10(19)9(18)5(2-17)16-7/h1,3,5,7,9-10,13,16-19H,2H2,(H2,12,14,15)/t5-,7+,9-,10+/m1/s1
Key:AMFDITJFBUXZQN-KUBHLMPHSA-N
Galidesivir (BCX4430 , immucillin-A ) is an
antiviral drug , an
adenosine analog
[1] (a type of
nucleoside analog ).
[2] It was developed by
BioCryst Pharmaceuticals with funding from
NIAID , originally intended as a treatment for
hepatitis C , but subsequently developed as a potential treatment for deadly
filovirus infections such as
Ebola virus disease and
Marburg virus disease , as well as
Zika virus .
[3] Currently, galidesivir is under
phase 1 human trial in Brazil for
coronavirus .
[4]
It also shows
broad-spectrum antiviral effectiveness against a range of other RNA virus families, including
bunyaviruses ,
arenaviruses ,
paramyxoviruses ,
coronaviruses ,
flaviviruses , and
phleboviruses .
[5] Galidesivir has been demonstrated to protect against both Ebola and Marburg viruses in both rodents and monkeys, even when administered up to 48 hours after infection,
[1] and development for use in humans was then being fast-tracked due to concerns about the lack of treatment options for the 2013-2016
Ebola virus epidemic in West Africa .
[6]
Galidesivir later showed efficacy against
Zika virus in a mouse model.
[7]
Galidesivir abrogates viremia in Zika virus–infected rhesus Macaques.
[8]
Galidesivir is one of several antiviral drugs being tested for
coronavirus disease 2019 .
[9]
On April 9, 2020, BioCryst opened enrollment into a randomized, double-blind,
placebo -controlled clinical trial to assess the safety, clinical impact and antiviral effects of galidesivir in patients with
COVID-19 .
[4]
See also
References
^
a
b Warren TK, Wells J, Panchal RG, Stuthman KS, Garza NL, Van Tongeren SA, et al. (April 2014).
"Protection against filovirus diseases by a novel broad-spectrum nucleoside analogue BCX4430" . Nature . 508 (7496): 402–405.
Bibcode :
2014Natur.508..402W .
doi :
10.1038/nature13027 .
PMC
7095208 .
PMID
24590073 .
^ Kamat SS, Burgos ES, Raushel FM (October 2013).
"Potent inhibition of the C-P lyase nucleosidase PhnI by Immucillin-A triphosphate" . Biochemistry . 52 (42): 7366–7368.
doi :
10.1021/bi4013287 .
PMC
3838859 .
PMID
24111876 .
^ BioCryst Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (June 10, 2020).
"Galidesivir Stops Zika Viral Replication in Primate Model" . GlobeNewswire News Room (Press release).
^
a
b Clinical trial number
NCT03891420 for "A Study to Evaluate the Safety, Pharmacokinetics and Antiviral Effects of Galidesivir in Yellow Fever or COVID-19" at
ClinicalTrials.gov
^ Westover JB, Mathis A, Taylor R, Wandersee L, Bailey KW, Sefing EJ, et al. (August 2018).
"Galidesivir limits Rift Valley fever virus infection and disease in Syrian golden hamsters" . Antiviral Research . 156 : 38–45.
doi :
10.1016/j.antiviral.2018.05.013 .
PMC
6035881 .
PMID
29864447 .
^ Rodgers P (8 April 2014).
"BioWar Lab Helping To Develop Treatment For Ebola" . Forbes Magazine .
^ Julander JG, Siddharthan V, Evans J, Taylor R, Tolbert K, Apuli C, et al. (January 2017).
"Efficacy of the broad-spectrum antiviral compound BCX4430 against Zika virus in cell culture and in a mouse model" . Antiviral Research . 137 : 14–22.
doi :
10.1016/j.antiviral.2016.11.003 .
PMC
5215849 .
PMID
27838352 .
^ Lim SY, Osuna CE, Best K, Taylor R, Chen E, Yoon G, et al. (June 2020).
"A direct-acting antiviral drug abrogates viremia in Zika virus-infected rhesus macaques" . Science Translational Medicine . 12 (547).
doi :
10.1126/scitranslmed.aau9135 .
PMC
7370316 .
PMID
32522808 .
^ Duddu P (19 February 2020).
"Coronavirus outbreak: Vaccines/drugs in the pipeline for Covid-19" . clinicaltrialsarena.com . Archived from
the original on 19 February 2020. Retrieved 19 February 2020 .