The GPCR superfamily is the largest gene family in the human genome containing approximately 800 genes. [1] As the vertebrate superfamily can be phylogenetically grouped into five main families the GRAFS classification system has been proposed.
GRAFS stands for Glutamate, Rhodopsin, Adhesion, Frizzled/ Taste2, Secretin. [2] They correspond to classical classes C ( class C, glutamate), A ( rhodopsin-like), B2 ( Secretin receptor family, long N-terminal), F ( Frizzled/ Smoothened), and B1+3 (other secretin). [3] Taste2 has more recently considered to be closer to Rhodopsin-like receptors. [4]
See also
References
- ^ Lander, ES; Linton, LM; Birren; International Human Genome Sequencing, Consortium; et al. (Feb 15, 2001). "Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome" (PDF). Nature. 409 (6822): 860–921. Bibcode: 2001Natur.409..860L. doi: 10.1038/35057062. PMID 11237011.
- ^ Fredriksson, R; Lagerström, MC; Lundin, LG; Schiöth, HB (June 2003). "The G-protein-coupled receptors in the human genome form five main families. Phylogenetic analysis, paralogon groups, and fingerprints". Molecular Pharmacology. 63 (6): 1256–72. doi: 10.1124/mol.63.6.1256. PMID 12761335.
- ^ Krishnan, A; Almén, MS; Fredriksson, R; Schiöth, HB (2012). "The origin of GPCRs: identification of mammalian like Rhodopsin, Adhesion, Glutamate and Frizzled GPCRs in fungi". PLOS ONE. 7 (1): e29817. Bibcode: 2012PLoSO...729817K. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0029817. PMC 3251606. PMID 22238661.
- ^ Nordström KJ, Sällman Almén M, Edstam MM, Fredriksson R, Schiöth HB (September 2011). "Independent HHsearch, Needleman—Wunsch-based, and motif analyses reveal the overall hierarchy for most of the G protein-coupled receptor families". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 28 (9): 2471–80. doi: 10.1093/molbev/msr061. PMID 21402729.
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