In the United States, there are multiple
laws known as the Flood Control Act (FCA). Typically, they are enacted to control irrigation because of floods or other natural disasters and are administered by the
United States Army Corps of Engineers. These laws were enacted beginning in 1917, with the most recent one being passed in 1965.
Flood Control Act of 1928, passed in the wake of the
Great Mississippi Flood of 1927. FCA 1928 had three important effects. It increased public awareness of advances in flood control theory and practice. It put flood control on par with other major projects of its time with the largest public works appropriation ever authorized. And, FCA 1928 increased debate on local contributions to a new level.[3]
Flood Control Act of 1939. FCA 1939 was instrumental in establishing the Federal policy of
Cost-benefit analysis, the standard by which the government determines whether or not a project provides sufficient benefits to justify the cost of expending public funds. It specified the standard that "the benefits to whomever they accrue [be] in excess of the estimated costs.[4]
Flood Control Act of 1944, also known as the Pick–Sloan Flood Control Act of 1944. The
Lakota,
Dakota, and
Nakota tribes lost 202,000 acres (820 km2). The
Three Affiliated Tribes, specifically, lost 155,000 acres (630 km2) in their
Fort Berthold Reservation due to the building of the
Garrison Dam. This project caused more than 1,500 American Indians to relocate from the river bottoms of the Missouri river due to the flooding.
Flood Control Act of 1948. FCA 1948 gave the
Chief of Engineers the power to authorize minor flood control projects without having to get Congressional approval. It also authorized several larger flood control projects and amended the budget set forth in the Flood Control Act of 1946.[5]
Flood Control Act of 1965. Prior to 1965, the state of Louisiana designed and built its flood protection through its levee boards. After
Hurricane Betsy, Congress gave control of the flood protection to the US Army Corps of Engineers in the Act which called for a
flood protection system to protect south
Louisiana from the worst storms characteristic of the region. When
Katrina struck in 2005, the project was between 60–90% complete and the projected date of completion was estimated to be 2015.[8] The initial scope of the project was to provide hurricane protection to areas around the lake in the parishes of Orleans, Jefferson, St. Bernard, and St. Charles with the federal government paying 70 percent of the costs and the state and local interests paying 30 percent, the typical cost-share arrangement.[8][9]
^"Public Laws". Digital Project Notebook. US Army Corps of Engineers Walla Walla District. Archived from
the original on July 26, 2009. Retrieved August 9, 2018.
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