English: Collection of 16 atomic single-electron orbitals for the lowest four
n quantum numbers. Only the cases
![{\displaystyle n=l+1}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/15d5babf1275628593a1063fe1b4c265ad3f6b94)
with one radial node are shown. Each row shows one
l-quantum number
l=0 (s),
l=1 (p),
l=2 (d) and
l=3 (f). The color depicts the complex-valued phase of the
wavefunction. The right half depicts
mz-eigenstates with
m quantum numbers
![{\displaystyle m\in \{0,\ldots ,l\}}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/c1beefcf728e154aa4a201a60a474909757ab1a9)
in ascending order showing complex phases and probability densities which are symmetric around the
z-axis. The left half shows real-valued superpositions of ±
m, which break the rotational symmetry and are often used in chemistry. The solid bodies enclose the volume where the continuous probability density exceeds a well-chosen threshold. The formulas that describe the orbitals can be found at
Hydrogen atom.
The labels in the image show the quantum numbers
nlm with
l encoded as letter and
m replaced by the spatial alignment for the real-valued superpositions.