Iron(II) gluconate

Names
Systematic IUPAC name Iron; (2R,3R,4S,5S)-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanoic acid
Identifiers
CAS Number	299-29-6 Y
3D model ( JSmol)	Interactive image
ChemSpider	19953133 Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.131.978
E number	E579 (acidity regulators, ...)
PubChem CID	9291
UNII	781E2AXH0K Y
InChI InChI=1S/2C6H12O7.Fe/c2*7-1-2(8)3(9)4(10)5(11)6(12)13;/h2*2-5,7-11H,1H2,(H,12,13);/q;;+2/p-2/t2*2-,3-,4+,5-;/m11./s1 Y Key: VRIVJOXICYMTAG-IYEMJOQQSA-L Y InChI=1/2C6H12O7.Fe/c2*7-1-2(8)3(9)4(10)5(11)6(12)13;/h2*2-5,7-11H,1H2,(H,12,13);/q;;+2/p-2/t2*2-,3-,4+,5-;/m11./s1 Key: VRIVJOXICYMTAG-QFKJHGNTBV
SMILES [Fe+2].O[C@H]([C@@H](O)C([O-])=O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO.[O-]C(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO
Properties
Chemical formula	FeC12H22O14
Molar mass	446,14528 g/mol
Appearance	light yellow to brown powder
Odor	slight caramel odor
Melting point	188 °C (370 °F; 461 K) dihydrate
Solubility in water	soluble
Solubility	soluble in glycerin negligible in alcohol
Pharmacology
ATC code	B03AA03 ( WHO) B03AD05 ( WHO) (combination with folic acid)
Hazards
Safety data sheet (SDS)	Oxford MSDS
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). N  verify ( what is YN ?) Infobox references

Iron(II) gluconate, or ferrous gluconate, ^[1] is a black compound often used as an iron supplement. It is the iron(II) salt of gluconic acid. It is marketed under brand names such as Fergon, Ferralet and Simron. ^[2]

Uses

Medical

Ferrous gluconate is effectively used in the treatment of hypochromic anemia. The use of this compound compared with other iron preparations results in satisfactory reticulocyte responses, a high percentage utilization of iron, and daily increase in hemoglobin that a normal level occurs in a reasonably short time. ^[3]

Food additive

Ferrous gluconate is also used as a food additive when processing black olives. It is represented by the food labeling E number E579 in Europe. It imparts a uniform jet black color to the olives. ^{[4] [5]}

Toxicity

Ferrous gluconate may be toxic in case of overdose. Children may show signs of toxicity with ingestions of 10–20 mg/kg of elemental iron. Serious toxicity may result from ingestions of more than 60 mg/kg. Iron exerts both local and systemic effects: it is corrosive to the gastrointestinal mucosa, it can have a negative impact on the heart and blood ( dehydration, low blood pressure, fast and weak pulse, shock), lungs, liver, gastrointestinal system (diarrhea, nausea, vomiting blood), nervous system (chills, dizziness, coma, convulsions, headache), and skin (flushing, loss of color, bluish-colored lips and fingernails). ^{[6] [7]} The symptoms may disappear in a few hours, but then emerge again after 1 or more days. ^{[ citation needed]}

See also

• Acceptable daily intake
• Iron poisoning

References